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| Monday Digital Poster | Wednesday Digital Poster | Thursday Digital Poster |
| 2299 | Computer 1
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Oxygen Carriers in Treatment of Hypoxic Tumours |
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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It is established that tumour hypoxia is a predictor of cancer disease progression, treatment failures, and metastatic potential. There remains a need for oxygen delivery mechanisms for hypoxia reduction. The ideal method for measuring oxygen in tissue is noninvasive and quantitative, allowing tumour pO2 measurements to be obtained before, during, and after treatment. We investigated effects of oxygen nano-carriers on the longitudinal relaxation times of tumour tissues in vivo and a phantom. T1 decreased with increased oxygen concentration in phantom. The injection of the oxygenated nanobubbles resulted in a statistically significant decrease in T1-weighted signal when measured 6-8 minutes post-injection. |
| 2300 | Computer 2
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Investigating the effects of hypoxia on fibroblast invasion and metabolism |
1Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Fibroblast are considered as a major source of Collagen 1 fiber in the tumor stroma and to play a fundamental role in extracellular matrix (ECM) modification. Thus, cancer associated fibroblast has been related with increased tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis. In the present study, we want to characterize the effect of different tumor microenvironments, as hypoxia and acidic extracellular pH, in the ability of prostate fibroblast cells to invade and degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM), as well with changes in their metabolome. We used our MR compatible cell perfusion system to assess this. |
| 2301 | Computer 3
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Choline kinase-α downregulation decreases prostate cancer associated fibroblast viability |
1Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) significantly influence the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. CAFs are detected in most tumors and provide a ubiquitous target that is being actively investigated in cancer treatment. In prostate cancer, fibroblasts have been shown to induce growth, confer castration-resistance, and increase metastatic potential. Choline kinase (Chk)-α downregulation has been previously shown to significantly decrease cancer cell viability but its effect on CAFs has not been investigated before. Here we found, for the first time, a significant decrease of prostate cancer fibroblast (PCAF) viability with Chk-α downregulation. |
| 2302 | Computer 4
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Design and validation of an MRI-based oxygen sensor for a cervical cancer clinical trial |
1Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 4Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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Many cancer patients experience lower survival rates if they have less well oxygenated tumors. Lower tumor oxygen levels can lead to a reduced effectiveness of radiation therapy. The ability to overcome this radiotherapy resistance has been severely limited by the lack of a clinically compatible quantitative oxygen sensing technology. We report the design and validation of a silicone-based oxygen sensor measured with MRI for an approved human clinical trial in patients with cervical cancer. The sensor has been validated for compatibility with the clinical workflow and is specifically designed to achieve the endpoints of the trial. |
| 2303 | Computer 5
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Multiparamter MRI Investigation of High-Grade Glioma Response to CAR T Cell Immunotherapy |
1Department of cancer physiology, Moffitt Cancer research center, Tampa, FL, United States, 2Irat Shared service, Moffitt Cancer research center, Tampa, FL, United States, 3Mathematical NeuroOncology Lab Precision Neurotherapeutics innovation program, Mayo clinic, Phoenix, AZ, United States, 4Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 5Department of Cancer Immunotherapy and Tumor Immunology, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States, 6Department diagnostic and interventional radiology, Moffitt Cancer research center, Tampa, FL, United States |
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Immunotherapy is gaining interest for |
| 2304 | Computer 6
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In vivo evaluation of pentose phosphate pathway activity in orthotopic glioma using hyperpolarized δ-[1-13C]gluconolactone |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Flux via the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is typically upregulated in tumor cells. Imaging this upregulation could therefore help in monitoring tumor development and response to treatment. A previous study presented the use of hyperpolarized δ-[1-13C]gluconolactone to detect flux through PPP by monitoring its conversion to 6-phospho-[1-13C]gluconate in isolated perfused livers. Here, we demonstrate that HP δ-[1-13C]gluconolactone can also be used to monitor PPP activity in healthy brain and in gliomas, and that the ratio of HP 6-phospho-[1-13C]gluconate to 6-phospho-δ-[1-13C]gluconolactone is significantly higher in tumor regions compared to healthy brain. |
| 2305 | Computer 7
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Tracking adoptive cell transfer of primary human and mouse T-cells in naïve NSG and Balb/c mice, respectively, using PET and MRI methods |
1Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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We determined the biodistribution of adoptively transferred primary T-cells in naïve mice to create a basis for quantifying adoptively transferred modified T-cells in mice cancer models, using PET and MRI cell labeling techniques simultaneously. Separate populations of T-cells were labeled with either a PET (89Zr) or an MRI label (ferumoxytol), and were injected intravenously into mice together. Animals underwent simultaneous PET/MRI imaging up to 5 days following cell injection in an MR Solutions 7 Tesla scanner with a PET camera. We looked at two models: primary mouse T-cells in naïve Balb/c mice and primary human T-cells in naïve NSG. |
| 2306 | Computer 8
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A Pre-Clinical PET/MRI/MRS Study on Lactate Transport Inhibition by Bitter Melon Juice in Pancreatic Cancer Models |
1Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States, 2Radiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States |
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Pancreatic cancer (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy, displaying poor response to the frontline chemotherapeutics. PDAC cells undergo cellular reprograming to meet their bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands, with glycolytic shift emerging as the primary metabolic hallmark of carcinogenesis. Bitter melon juice (BMJ) is a widely consumed vegetable in Asia; recent studies have reported an increased AMPK phosphorylation and activation in BMJ-treated tumor xenografts. Here, we report on an inhibition of lactate export in PANC1 cells upon BMJ treatment, leading to acidification and cell death mediated by decreased transporter expression of GLUT1 and MCT4, both in vitro and in vivo. |
| 2307 | Computer 9
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13C Metabolomic and Fluxomic Study of Human Melanoma Metabolic Network in vivo |
1Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Information from 13C isotopomers, which appear as multiplets in 13C spectra can be measured and quantified in vivo. Using this additional information alone with extended melanoma tumor bionetwork model has enable simultaneous fitting of experimental dynamic isotopomer turnover curves and evaluation of metabolic parameters and fluxes |
| 2308 | Computer 10
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Comparison of the Capability for Quantitative Distinguishing Malignant from Benign Solitary Pulmonary Nodules among actual DWI, computed DWIs with different b values and FDG-PET/CT |
1Division of Radiology, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, 2Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Otawara, Japan, 3Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, 4Advanced Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, 5Center for Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan |
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There are no major papers that compared differentiating capability of SPNs among actual DWI (aDWI), computed DWIs (cDWIs)with different b values and FDG-PET/CT in patients with SPN. We hypothesize that cDWI obtained appropriate b value can improve the capability for differentiating malignant from benign SPNs as compared with aDWI and FDG-PET/CT. The purpose of this study is to directly compare the capability for differentiating malignant from benign pulmonary nodules among aDWI, cDWIs with different b values and FDG-PET/CT. |
| 2309 | Computer 11
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Towards a Small Molecule GDPD6 Inhibitor: Investigating Dipyridamole via 1H HRMRS and Computational Studies |
1The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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We are studying the role of GDPD6 in breast cancer, as well as its potential as a therapeutic target. GDPD6 silencing experiments showed decreased invasion and migration in breast cancer cells. There is currently no small molecule inhibitor for GDPD6. We have identified dipyridamole as potential GDPD6 inhibitor, which can be used both in the lab and potentially in the clinic. We are using a combination of 1H MRS and computational studies to determine how dipyridamole inhibits GDPD6 to evaluate its potential as an inhibitor and identify other potential small molecule inhibitors of GDPD6. |
| 2310 | Computer 12
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Time evolution of extracellular pH with BIRDS in a rabbit model of human liver cancer |
1Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 3Visage Imaging, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States, 4Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States |
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Here we report extracellular pH (pHe) mapping with BIRDS using TmDOTP5- in normal and VX2 tumors in rabbit liver tissue. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was performed and the rabbits were scanned without TACE, or at 1 day and 2 weeks post TACE. The pHe maps show lower pHe in tumor and tumor edge compared to normal liver. Tumor acidity prior to TACE remain at 1 day post TACE, but it is almost normalized at 2 weeks post TACE. The ability to measure pHe in a translational model and compare it with “normal” tissue improves tumor detection and monitoring of tumor treatment. |
| 2311 | Computer 13
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Toward Quantitative MRI Parameter Mapping of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Patient-Derived Xenographs: The Challenge of Tumor Heterogeneity |
1Departments of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, MO, United States, 2Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St Louis, MO, United States, 3Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St Louis, MO, United States |
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Triple negative breast cancer patient-derived xenographs were implanted in the 4th abdominal mammary fat pads of mice enrolled in a ~60 minute, multi-contrast, same-day (morning vs. afternoon), test-retest MRI protocol. Quantitative T1, T2, and ADC maps were acquired. Parameter distributions were characterized by standard statistical measures (mean, median, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis) and a Bayesian implementation of the maximum-entropy method-of-moments density function. TNBC PDX T2 maps were found to be markedly more robust to test-retest assessment compared to T1 and ADC maps. These results will inform studies employing MRI assessment of TNBC PDX response to docetaxel/carboplatin therapy. |
| 2312 | Computer 14
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OE-MRI, DCE-MRI and DWI provide complementary response evaluation in patients with rectal cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy |
1Quantitative Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom, 3Department of Clinical Oncology, Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom, 4Bioxydyn Ltd, Manchester, United Kingdom, 5Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom |
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Biomarkers derived from functional MRI have potential to monitor response to therapy and stratify patient care. In this study of 22 patients with rectal cancer we evaluated the relative merits of using OE-MRI, DCE-MRI and DWI biomarkers to assess response to chemoradiotherapy. We show that OE-MRI is feasible in rectal cancer tumours and provides complementary information to that measured by DWI and DCE-MRI. Data suggests that OE-MRI may be useful as a pharmacodynamic tool to identify hypoxia modification as this was present by day 14, but not at day 7 into therapy. |
| 2313 | Computer 15
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Association between Metabolism Measured by PET/CT and Vascular Parameters Measured by Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI in Spinal Lesions |
1Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China, 2Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China, 3Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States |
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A total of 49 patients with spinal lesions receiving DCE-MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT were analyzed. The ROI was manually placed on strongly enhanced area on MRI to measure DCE enhancement kinetics, and from which the wash-in and maximum enhancement ratio, wash-out slope, Ktrans and kep were extracted. SUVmax was measured from the corresponding lesion on FDG uptake map. The results showed that vascular parameters measured from DCE-MRI were not correlated with glucose metabolism measured by PET/CT; therefore, they represent different aspects of lesion, and may be combined for better staging or predicting prognosis rather than being used for diagnosis. |
| 2314 | Computer 16
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Weekly T2’ and rOEF-mapping monitoring tumor oxygenation in patients with recurrent glioblastoma undergoing antiangiogenetic therapy |
1Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 3Brain Imaging Center, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany |
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For tumor treatment with bevacizumab (BEV), a VEGF-specific antibody, some preclinical reports describe a partial normalization of vessels resulting in a transient improvement in tumor oxygenation, while others observed a decrease in neovascularization, with induction of intratumoral hypoxia. By weekly monitoring rOEF with MRI in six glioblastoma patients until tumor progression according to RANO, we were able to discriminate between two tumor phenotypes with different biological behavior. |
| 2315 | Computer 17
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Quantification of Cerebral Blood Flow using arterial spin labeling in glioblastoma multiforme; challenges of calibration in the presence of oedema. |
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 4Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom, 5Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 6Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) offers a non-invasive and repeatable method for quantifying CBF, a promising biomarker in cancer imaging. However, the consensus for voxelwise calibration may not be appropriate for application in tumours. We hypothesise that voxelwise calibration in the presence of oedema will decrease sensitivity to alterations in CBF, and test this by measuring CBF with pseudocontinurous ASL in seven patients with glioblastoma multiforme, comparing the impact of voxelwise, white matter, and CSF calibration on tumour CBF. Calibration choice significantly affects absolute CBF; with a loss of CBF contrast in tumours when using voxelwise calibration, which may have clinical implication. |
| 2316 | Computer 18
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The effect of sunitinib treatment assessed by intravital microscopy and DCE-MRI in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma xenografts |
1Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway |
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The effect of sunitinib treatment was evaluated by DCE-MRI, intravital microscopy, and immunohistochemistry in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) xenografts growing in dorsal window chambers or intramuscularly in the hind leg of mice. Sunitinib selectively removed small-diameter vessels and increased blood flow velocity. The increased blood flow velocity was not sufficient to compensate for the loss of tumor vessels, and, consequently, sunitinib-treated PDAC xenografts showed increased fractions of hypoxic tissue. Ktrans derived by pharmacokinetic analysis of DCE-MRI data was sensitive to microvascular density and hypoxia in both untreated and sunitinib-treated PDAC xenografts. |
| 2317 | Computer 19
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Correlation of Multiparametric MRI with extracellular pH mapping in a Rabbit Model for Liver Cancer |
1Yale University, New London, CT, United States |
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Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) was studied using multiparametric MRI in a rabbit liver tumor model, comparing native T1 and T2* mapping, ADC, and dynamic contrast enhanced parameters, with extracellular pH maps. Tumor heterogeneity was well characterized by parametric mapping. |
| 2318 | Computer 20
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Implementation of A Novel Deep Learning Network on Predicting Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Mutation in Patients with Gliomas |
1Medical Physics Program, Duke Kushan University, Kunshan, China, 2Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States |
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of the Inception-ResNet to reduce image pre-processing and improve the prediction accuracy of the IDH status of gliomas. The T1w-post contrast, T2, and FLAIR images of 91 glioma patients after intensity normalization are fed to the network as training and validation set, and another group of 12 patients is randomly selected as the test set. The prediction accuracies of two repeated experiments are consistent, both greater than 90%. The result shows that with Inception-Resnet, IDH status could be predicted at a high accuracy with minimal image pre-processing. |
| 2319 | Computer 21
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Interrogations of Human Lung Cancer Metabolomics Measured from Intact Tissue Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy with Mass Spectrometry Imaging |
1University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States, 2MGH/Harvard Medical School, Combridge, MA, United States, 3MGH/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States, 4Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States, 5Radiology and Pathlogy, MGH/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States |
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Current radiology can detect small lung cancer (LuCa) lesions. However, their high costs coupled with their unproven efficacies as screening tools have prevented their use in annual screening protocols to detect LuCa at early and clinically asymptomatic stages. A simple and non-invasive screening technique, preferably a blood test, is needed to control the disease. Here we present results from mass spectrometry imaging that can produce localized “microscopic” maps of cancer metabolomic distributions revealed by high-resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HRMAS MRS), and can further assist establish blood serum LuCa biomarkers from analyses of human LuCa tissue-serum paired samples. |
| 2320 | Computer 22
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Differentiating infiltrative tumor from vasogenic edema in glioblastom using oxygen-enhanced MR imaging |
1Hefei Cancer Hospital, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China |
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Glioblastoma (GBM) induces both vasogenic edema and extensive tumor cells infiltration, both of which present with similar appearance and not be differentiated on conventional MRI. To distinguish between these infiltrative tumor and vasogenic edema components within the nonenhancing lesion area using novel techniques thus holds great clinical importance. Oxygen-enhanced MRI may directly reflect tissue oxygenation, has shown promising applications in the measurement of hypoxia or radiation-induced necrosis. Therefore, in this study we explored the possibility to differentiate vasogenic edema from infiltrative tumor in patients with GBM using oxygen-enhanced MRI. The results showed significant more negative ΔR1 levels (p < 0.05) were observed in the infiltrative tumor area compared to those in the vasogenic edema and tumor site. Oxygen-enhanced MR imaging has thus the potential to differentiate infiltrative tumor from vasogenic edema in glioblastoma. |
| 2321 | Computer 23
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Lactate chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI as a biomarker for differentiating lactate dehydrogenase activity in 9L and F98 glioma |
1Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar, 3Laboratory Animal research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar |
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Lactate chemical exchange saturation transfer (LATEST) MRI method has been shown to be applicable in detecting and imaging changes in the lactate level in human subjects post heavy exercise and to measure the lactate in a mouse model of lymphoma. In this study, LATEST was implemented to differentiate the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in vivo in two different preclinical glioma models. The two gliomas studied are widely used 9L (highly immunogenic, gliosarcoma) and F98 (weakly immunogenic, glioblastoma). The LATEST contrast was found to be higher in the tumor region of F98 rats compared to the 9L glioma carrying rats. |
| 2322 | Computer 24
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PET/MRI as a sensitive diagnostic tool for peritoneal carcinomatosis: early results from a single center prospective study |
1Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 5Department of Nuclear Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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The goal of our study was to assess the diagnostic value of PET/MRI for diagnosis and spatial localization of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) in patients prior to potential cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). We found that PET/MRI is sensitive and accurate at predicting PC at the patient level as compared to surgery, the reference standard. However, PET/MRI was not to as accurate in localizing PC in the abdominopelvic cavity. Findings need to be validated in a larger study. |
| 2323 | Computer 25
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PET/MRI versus PET/CT in Oncology: A Prospective Single-center Study Focusing on Implications for Patient Management and Cost Considerations |
1Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria, 2Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 3Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 4Siemens Healthineers, Vienna, Austria |
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To prospectively investigate the clinical impact of PET/MRI, compared to PET/CT, in a mixed population of cancer patients, and to perform an economic evaluation of PET/MRI. 263 patients (330 same-day PET/CT and PET/MRI examinations) were analyzed. PET/MRI was accurate in 319/330 examinations, and PET/CT in 277/330 examinations; respective accuracies (97.3% vs. 83.9%) differed significantly (P<0.001). Additional findings on PET/MRI had implications for clinical management in 21/263 patients (8.0%). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for PET/MRI were 22.47 EUR (~26.28 USD) per percent of diagnostic accuracy, and 37.64 EUR (~44.06 USD) per percent of correctly managed patients. |
| 2324 | Computer 26
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Golden angle radial undersampling to accelerate synthetic CT generation with generative adversarial networks for prostate MR-guided Radiotherapy |
1Radiotherapy, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Center for Image Sciences, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3Image Science Institute, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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Synthetic-computed tomography (sCT) is crucial to enable MR-only radiotherapy and accurate MR-based dose calculations. In this work, we assessed the feasibility of using undersampled golden angle radial acquisition in combination with a conditional adversarial network to accelerate both acquisition and sCT generation for patients with prostate cancer. Golden angle radial acquisitions were simulated for several undersampling factors in a retrospective manner on 3D Cartesian spoiled gradient-echo data that were clinically acquired on |
| 2325 | Computer 27
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Rapid 4D-MRI reconstruction using a Deep RAdial ConvoLutionAl neural network: Dracula |
1Joint Department of Physics, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 2CR UK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 3Department of Radiotherapy, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 4Department of Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom, 5Medical Physics in Radiology, The German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany |
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4D-MRI could inform online treatment plan adaptation on MRI guided radiotherapy systems, but long iterative reconstruction times (> 10 minutes) limit its use. A deep convolutional neural network was trained to learn the joint MoCo-HDTV algorithm and high-quality 4D-MRI (1.25x1.25x3.3 mm3, 16 respiratory phases) were reconstructed from gridded raw data in 27 seconds. Calculated 4D-MRI exhibited a high structural similarity index (0.97 ± 0.013) with the iteratively reconstructed test images and only a minor loss of fine details. Despite exclusively training the network on data from a diagnostic scanner, 4D-MRI were successfully reconstructed from raw data acquired on an MR-linac. |
| 2326 | Computer 28
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A deep neural network based model for treatment response prediction using longitudinal diffusion MRI |
1Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Physics and Biology in Medicine IDP, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 7Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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A deep neural network based model was proposed to predict post-radiotherapy treatment effect score for localized soft tissue sarcoma patient using longitudinal diffusion MRI. Diffusion images were acquired three times throughout patient’s hypofractionated radiotherapy treatment. A convolutional neural network was constructed to learn the most useful spatial features from the tumor ADC maps at each time point, which is then fed into a recurrent neural network to exploit the temporal information between the extracted features. Excellent prediction performance of 97.4% accuracy on slice-based classification, and 95% accuracy on patient-based classification were achieved on independent test sets. |
| 2327 | Computer 29
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Investigation of Abdominal Organ Respiratory Motion Probability Distribution Function and its Inter-Fractional Reproducibility Assessment Using Fast Volumetric 4D-MRI for Probability-Based Radiotherapy Planning |
1Medical Physics and Research Department, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong, China |
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Respiratory motion is a major concern in radiotherapy (RT) in liver cancer patients. Probability-based treatment planning is an evolving approach for tumor motion management. A major hurdle of this approach is that the dosimetric error is tightly linked to the reproducibility of the tumor motion probability density function (PDF). Previous studies in lung used single-slice dynamic MRI for PDF reproducibility evaluation that could only captured the 2D respiratory motion restricted by the MRI acquisition speed. Moreover, inter-subject and inter-fractional variability of time evolved PDF might be underestimated by using just two fractions. In this study, we aim to investigate the inter-fractional and inter-subject abdominal motion PDF and its reproducibility using an ultrafast volumetric 4D- MRI. |
| 2328 | Computer 30
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Respiratory motion characterization and motion uncertainty estimation using a fast 3D+t MRI and bootstrapping for abdominal radiotherapy |
1Medical Physics and Research Department, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
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Respiratory motion characterization and uncertainty estimation is important in radiotherapy treatment |
| 2329 | Computer 31
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Baseline Tumor Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value Can Predict First-line Sunitinib Therapy Response of Stage IV Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma |
1Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospitall, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, 2National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China |
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Our single-center retrospective study focused on Stage IV Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma patients who received first-line sunitinib therapy and found that baseline tumor apparent diffusion coefficient value derived from 3T diffusion weighted imaging showed different level in different response group. Baseline tumor ADC value also had significant correlation with progression-free survival. Patients with higher tumor ADC value had significantly longer progression-free survival. Basline tumor ADC can be a potential predictor in assessing targeted therapy response of Stage IV ccRCC. |
| 2330 | Computer 32
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Treatment response and recurrence prediction on MR during radiotherapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma |
1Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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Weekly MR imaging allows for tumor monitoring during treatment. T2 weighted imaging and distortion-free DW-TSE SPLICE were acquired weekly in 20 patients. Changes in volume and ADC could be followed over the course of (chemo)radiotherapy: volume decreases and ADC increases. Tumor delineation is crucial and becomes increasingly difficult during treatment. For the current patient population, 4 patients developed recurrent disease. However, volume changes measured on T2 weighted imaging and ADC changes did not yet show to be prognostic of tumor recurrence. |
| 2331 | Computer 33
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Respiratory motion variability in 4D-MRI for MR-guided radiotherapy |
1Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2MR Code B.V., Zaltbommel, Netherlands, 3Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands |
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Respiratory-induced motion of abdominal tumors can lead to displacements up to five centimeter, making radiotherapy treatments very challenging. The respiratory motion can be characterized by a 4D-MRI, acquired prior to treatment. In this study we investigate how long the 4D-MRI is valid for after acquisition. Additionally, the longitudinal validity of a motion model, derived from the 4D-MRI is assessed. |
| 2332 | Computer 34
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Radiomic analysis to determine glioma’s IDH1 gene status based on multi-MR sequences |
1graduate school, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, 2Department of Radiology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China, 3Department of Pathology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China, 4Innovation Department, Huiying Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China |
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The purpose of this retrospective study was to demonstrate the feasibility of radiomic methods to determine glioma’s IDH1 gene status based on MR imaging. We used a training set (99 patients)with a test set (29 patients), and extracted 1029 radiomic features from each sequence of T2WI, ADC, FLAIR, T1WI-CE and the combined, then reduced by Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. Five logistic regression classifiers were built based on training set, evaluated using test set and compared by DeLong test. The results indicated the radiomics of combined four sequences had the best performance in distinguishing IDH1 gene status. |
| 2333 | Computer 35
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Reproducible radiomic features from post-chemoradiation T2-weighted MRIs can more accurately discriminate pathologic T stage in rectal cancer patients |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Department of General Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States, 4Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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We present initial results for identifying |
| 2334 | Computer 36
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Directional-gradient based radiomic descriptors from pre-treatment perfusion DSC-MRI to differentiate long-term from short-term survivors in Glioblastoma: Preliminary findings |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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We explored the utility of radiomic analysis to identify radiomic features (computer extracted features from MRI) that distinguish long-term survival patients from their short-term survival counterparts based on the pre-treatment perfusion DSC-MRI. Initial results indicate that dynamically extracted radiomic features from enhancing tumor and infiltrative edges on perfusion scans can segregate the 2 survival groups. A non-invasive means of predicting survival based on perfusion imaging may help clinicians to determine prognosis, and inform treatment strategy. |
| 2335 | Computer 37
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Early non-invasive prediction of response to Temozolomide in low-grade glioma |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Newly diagnosed low-grade glioma (LGG) patients have a relatively long survival, but nonetheless ultimately recur. New therapies are therefore being considered for LGG. One approach is the use of Temozolomide, previously reserved for treating high grade glioblastoma. However, early indicators of response are still needed. Here, we investigated response to Temozolomide treatment in an orthotopic LGG mouse model. Using 1H MRS we detected an early decrease in total choline and a surprising increase in both glutamine and glutamine plus glutamate that were associated with ultimate tumor shrinkage. This identifies potential early metabolic biomarkers of response to Temozolomide treatment in LGG. |
| 2336 | Computer 38
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4DMRI-based abdominal corset study for radiotherapy purposes |
1Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 2Heidelberg Institute for Radiooncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany, 3Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany, 4X-Ray Imaging and Computed Tomography, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 5Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 6Department of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany, 7Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany, 8Center for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany |
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Abdominal organ motion provides challenges for radiotherapy treatments, leading to inhomogeneous dose distributions with over- and underdosage regions in the target volume. Repeated 4D-MRI acquisitions, allow to analyze inter- and intrafractional spatial motion. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of abdominal corsets for motion reduction purposes, based on repeated 4D-MRI data sets. We found pronounced reductions in cranio-caudal and anterior-posterior direction using corsets, which additionally lead to more reproducible motion amplitudes. Lower amplitudes and better reproducibility are beneficial for radiotherapy and could lead to smaller irradiation margins and dose reductions to healthy tissue. |
| 2337 | Computer 39
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Response monitoring by DCE-MRI in an experimental prostate tumor after single dose 12C-ion and photon radiotherapy |
1Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 2Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 3Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany, 4Department of Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 5Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO) and National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany, 6Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 7Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 8Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Therapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 9Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany |
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A series of DCE-MRI measurements was used to quantify the vascular changes after therapeutic and subtherapeutic doses of photon and 12C-ion irradiation of the anaplastic rat prostate tumor Dunning R3327-AT1. DCE-MRI data were analyzed by pharmacokinetic modelling employing the Extended Tofts model. Independent of dose, 12C-ions led to stronger and earlier treatment response than photons within the observation period indicated by increased Ktrans and ve parameters. Results were correlated to histological analyses for microvascular density, vessel maturity, tumor hypoxia, and proliferation that further underlined the faster, stronger, and more homogeneous treatment response after 12C-ion irradiation. |
| 2338 | Computer 40
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Change of Radiotherapy Planning Target Volume Delineated on Pre-Treatment and mid-RT Follow-up MRI After 3-4 Weeks of Treatment |
1Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States, 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States, 4Department of Radiology, E-Da Hospital and I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
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As tumor shows substantial shrinkage over the course of treatment, should radiation treatment volume be adjusted? A quantitative method using “radial distance”- the distance from the outer boundary of the tumor to the center of the rectum, was developed to evaluate the gross tumor volume (GTV) delineated on MRI acquired before treatment and after 3-4 weeks of radiation. In 35 patients, the mean tumor volume decreased from 19.1 to 10.5 cm3 but the mean radial distance only decreased slightly from 16.3 to 15.6 mm. When the remaining tumor was close to the rectal wall, the PTV should not be adjusted. |
| 2339 | Computer 41
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Quantifying Information Content of Multiparametric MRI Data for Automatic Tumor Segmentation using CNNs |
1Dept.of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany |
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Multimodality imaging with CT, PET, and MRI is the basis for precise tumor segmentation in radiation therapy. We analyze which MR imaging contrasts mainly improve the segmentation performance of a CNN by training multiple networks using different input channels. The predictive value of 7 different contrasts is compared for two tumor regions, gross tumor volume and lymph node metastasis, in head and neck tumor patients. |
| 2340 | Computer 42
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Integration of DCE-MRI Texture Features with Clinical Data for Improved Early Prediction of Breast Cancer Therapy Response |
1Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States |
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This study investigated the effect of integrating clinical data with DCE-MRI texture features in early prediction of breast cancer therapy response. DCE-MRI data collected from 55 breast cancer patients before and after the first cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were subjected to pharmacokinetic analysis. Texture features were extracted from voxel-based DCE-MRI parametric maps. Predictive performances with imaging features alone and in combination with clinical features were assessed and compared. Addition of clinical features to image texture features increased predictive capability in discriminating pathologic complete response (pCR) vs. non-pCR compared to using imaging features alone. |
| 2341 | Computer 43
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Comparison of DCE-MRI Parametric Map-Based Features for Early Prediction of Breast Cancer Therapy Response |
1Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States |
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DCE-MRI data from 55 breast cancer patients collected before and after the first cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were subjected to pharmacokinetic analysis. Four texture features, GLCM, RLM, single- and multi-resolution fractals extracted from DCE-MRI parametric maps, were analyzed for early prediction of therapy response. Generally, the multi-resolution fractal features from individual maps or the concatenated features from all parametric maps showed better predictive performance. The results suggest that multi-resolution analysis, which decomposes the texture at various spatial-frequency scales, may more accurately capture changes in tumor vascular heterogeneity as measured by DCE-MRI, and thus provide better early prediction of therapy response. |
| 2342 | Computer 44
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SLICs Algorithm for Non-Invasive Response Evaluation in Osteosarcoma with Multiparametric MR Imaging |
1Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India, 2Medical Oncology, IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 3Radio Diagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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Osteosarcoma is a highly morbid bone-tumor with poor prognosis. Neoadjuvant-chemotherapy(NACT) is the current standard of care. The response of NACT is judged on Histopathology-examination(HPE) after surgical resection of tumor. However, a non-invasive and accurate methods for evaluation of treatment response during the course of therapy is highly desirable. In this research, a Simple-linear-iterative-clustering supervoxels(SLICs) algorithm based methodology using multiparametric MRI (T2,DWI and ADC) has been developed for identification of sub-parts of tumor (active-tumor, necrosis). The volume of active-tumor and necrosis were estimated using this novel approach in patients with OS, before NACT(baseline) and after 3 cycles of NACT(follow-up). The level of necrosis estimated using SLICs and measure with HPE showed a close match. SLICs based estimation of necrosis level is a non-invassive technique that can be useful in response evaluation of cancer imaging. |
| 2343 | Computer 45
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Diffusion-weighted MRI for assessing longitudinal effect of radiation (photon beam) versus proton beam therapy on cranial bone marrow in children treated for brain tumors |
1Cancer Research UK Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom, 2MRI Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom, 3Dept. of Clinical Oncology, The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom, 4Children's and Young Person's Unit and Haemato-oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom, 5Department of Neuroradiology, Atkinson Morley Regional Neuroscience Centre, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom |
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Bone marrow ADC measurements were feasible from the clivus in children. Measurements were reproducible (95% confidence intervals -5.5% to +11%). Following radiation (photon) treatment or proton beam therapy, there was an early rise in ADC at 2 months consistent with bone marrow edema, followed by a fall. The level of early ADC increase (39% for radiation therapy, 42% for proton beam therapy) and pattern of change was similar in both treatment regimens. |
| 2344 | Computer 46
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Extended texture analysis of unenhanced T1 and T2 sequences on whole body MRI for evaluation of response to chemotherapy in patients with multiple myeloma |
1Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tubinga, Tubinga, Germany, 2Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany |
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Extended texture analysis of unenhanced T1 and T2 sequences on whole body MRI for evaluation of response to chemotherapy in patients with multiple myeloma. Patients in a pre-treatment and post-treatment setting using a standardized imaging protocol and a standardized hematological and clinical surveillance were included. 107 features, based on the pyradiomics library, were analyzed for the main medullary lesion in myeloma patients. Extracted texture features were able to discriminate between responders and non-responders at follow-up in particular when using T2-imaga data. |
| 2345 | Computer 47
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Genomically and Radiographically Adjusted Dose (GRAD) Framework for Biologically Adaptive MR-guided Radiotherapy |
1Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 3Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Tumor burden, tumor proliferation, and tumor hypoxia, all of which vary in space and time, are evidence-based contributors of radiotherapy failure. In addition, it has been demonstrated that gene expression can influence radiosensitivity. We demonstrate here the initial feasibility of a framework to incorporate genomic and radiographic information to derive patient-specific, voxelwise radiation dose prescription maps for use in a biologically adaptive MR-guided radiotherapy (BAMRgRT) strategy. |
| 2346 | Computer 48
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MRI Independent Predictors of Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer |
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, 2National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China |
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In order to tapped the potential of pCR prediction on T2WI comprehensively, both quantitative and qualitative parameters were evaluated in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. A development group were enrolled to assess these parameters and an external validation group to verify the diagnostic performance. Post-nCRT CATV (CATVpost) and the reduction rate of SIT (SITRR) were proved that were independently associated with pCR and can help for pCR prediction. |
| 2347 | Computer 49
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The Evaluation of Signal Intensity Related Predictors on T2-weighted for Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer |
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, 2National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China |
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In order to evaluate the value of tumor signal intensity related parameters on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for pathological complete response (pCR) prediction, the signal intensity of tumor(SIT) and the muscle(SIM) were both measured automatically, SIT was defined as an absolute T2W signal intensity of tumor, and SIM was used to correct SIT, resulting in the relative T2W signal intensity(SIT/M), the reduction rate of SIT and SIT/M were calculated.Post-nCRT SIT(SITpost), post-nCRT SIT/M(SIT/Mpost), SITRR and SIT/MRR were proved to be significantly different between pCR and non-pCR, and The diagnositic efficiency is better in non-mucinous adenocarcinoma than mucinous adenocarcinoma. |
| 2348 | Computer 50
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Application of 3D_NerveVIEW to neurography of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in radiotherapy treatment planning |
1Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, 3Philips Healthcare, Hongkong, China |
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In radiotherapy, CT/MR images are used to delineate the region of targets and normal structures. In this study, 3D_NerveVIEW sequence was performed on a volunteer, and then the image of cranial nerve was rigidly registered and fused to CT image. In the fused image, the cranial nerve had better visualization than CT and T1w images, and the contour of nerve was easily identified. Which could improve the accuracy of nerve contour and reduce the radiotherapy-induced nerve palsy. |
| 2349 | Computer 51
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An analysis of post-processing steps for residue function dependent DSC-MRI biomarkers through their clinical impact on glioma diagnosis for both 1.5 and 3T |
1Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States |
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Several recent initiatives have focused on optimizing and standardizing DSC-MRI imaging protocols and post-processing steps. With the availability of public imaging databases that include clinical outcomes, various post-processing steps can be carefully assessed for their impact on the clinical outcomes. Here we evaluated post-processing steps for advanced perfusion biomarkers that relay on determining the residue function by examining the clinical impact of each step. In summary we determined that updating the current deconvolution steps is beneficial, and that normalization allows for tumor grading across clinical field strengths. |
| 2350 | Computer 52
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Bolus arrival time estimation for DCE-MRI signals without fast up-slope |
1Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 2Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 3Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 4Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO) and National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany, 5Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 6Department of Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 7Natural Sciences and Humanities, University of Applied Sciences Würzburg-Schweinfurt, Schweinfurt, Germany |
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Accuracy in pharmacokinetic modelling of DCE-MRI data can be impaired due to a delay between the contrast agent arrival in the tissue of interest and an artery further upstream. To correct the delay, bolus arrival times (BATs) are estimated from the concentration curves. However, the state-of-the-art method for estimating BATs may give unsatisfactory results if the curves do not exhibit a fast up-slope. We propose a spline-based method for BAT estimation for concentration curves without fast up-slopes which are often observed in small animal data. The proposed method gives accurate results on simulated and in vivo acquired rat data. |
| 2351 | Computer 53
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IDH Genotypes Differentiation in Glioblastomas Using DWI and DSC-PWI in the Enhancing and Peri-Enhancing Region |
1Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 2Scientific Marketing, SIEMENS Healthcare, Diagnostic Imaging, Shanghai, China |
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the contribution of DWI and DSC-PWI in the peri-enhancing region for discriminating glioblastomas IDH genotypes. Further, the diagnostic value of this two MR techniques were compared with those in the enhancing portion. Features of conventional MRI, rADCmin-t, rADCmin-p, rCBVmax-t and rCBVmax-p were compared between IDH-m and IDH-w glioblastomas. IDH-mutated glioblastomas tended to present in frontal lobes and younger patients. Both rCBVmax-t and rCBVmax-p show significant difference between two subgroups, while rADCmin-t and rADCmin-p do not. The results showed that the accuracy of rCBVmax-p is higher than that of rCBVmax-t in the diagnosis of IDH-m glioblastomas. rCBVmax-p may have a better diagnostic value than rCBVmax-t in predicting IDH glioblastomas genotypes. |
| 2352 | Computer 54
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Evaluating the effectiveness of preload in mitigating the leakage effect of dynamic contrast susceptibility MRI |
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States, 2Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 3Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States, 4Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States |
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Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast (DSC) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with low molecular weight Gadolinium based contrast agent (GBCA) is often confounded by GBCA’s leakage into intersitium space. Thus, pre-DSC injection of GBCA (preload) is often used to mitigate the underestimation of relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) due to the leakage of GBCA. Here, we present results to demonstrate that preload is generally effective. However, small dose effect could still be expected in the process. |
| 2353 | Computer 55
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Bayesian Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Validation and Application |
1Department of Radiology, LMU University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 2Div of Paediatric Neuroradiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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We implemented a tracer-kinetic model within a Bayesian framework which infers full posterior probability distributions for parameter estimates. We validate our Bayesian model using a digital reference object and compare it to a standard non-linear least squares approach. Furthermore, we use this approach to obtain pharmacokinetic parameter distributions during the course of a therapy for breast cancer DCE-MRI data, and we demonstrate how Bayesian posterior distributions can be utilized to assess treatment response. |
| 2354 | Computer 56
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Investigating How to Optimally Combine Multimodal MRI Data to Better Identify Glioblastoma Infiltration. |
1Glasgow Experimental MRI Center, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 2Centre of Clinical Brain Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 3Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 4University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 5Glasgow university, Glasgow, United Kingdom |
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The infiltration of glioblastoma tumour cells into normal tissue presents a major obstacle to effective treatment, may then be responsible for tumour recurrence after surgery. Clinical MRI failed to detect the invasion of tumour cells. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the information contained in the individual MR images and multi-regression analysis can be used to probe of invasion, applying a mouse model of an infiltrative brain tumour. |
| 2355 | Computer 57
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Accuracy and precision of DCE-MRI acquired with golden-angle radial k-space under-sampling |
1Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 2National Centre for Advanced Medical Imaging (CAMI), St James Hospital / Trinity College University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, 3Philips Healthcare, Surrey, United Kingdom |
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The effects of using a continuous golden-angle radial k-space sampling trajectory, with varying degrees of under-sampling and compressed sensing image reconstruction, on the accuracy and precision of pharmacokinetic modeling of DCE data, were quantitatively investigated. DCE image temporal resolutions (Tres) ranging from 1.85s to 0.09s (corresponding to radial sampling densities of 100% to 4.68%) produced absolute accuracy/precision errors in all Ktrans, ve and kep values of ≤ 2%/4% (for Tres =1.85s) to ≤ 12%/11% (for Tres =0.09s), respectively. These results demonstrate that DCE image acquisition protocols can be designed which constrain pharmacokinetic parameter value errors within prescribed thresholds. |
| 2356 | Computer 58
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Optimized tumor volumes by dynamic contrast enhanced MR imaging for assessing response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer |
1Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 2Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 3Breast Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 4Cancer Systems Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States |
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We evaluated several methods of measuring tumor volumes on DCE MRI for assessment of treatment response in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), including functional tumor volume (FTV), enhanced tumor volume(ETV), and clinical tumor volume (CTV). We compared different parameters for measurement of functional tumor volume at baseline as well as its changes during therapy, and established optimal parameters for FTV measurements. We found that optimized FTV and ETV have potential to serve as an imaging biomarker for evaluation of NAC treatment response in TNBC patients |
| 2357 | Computer 59
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Quantitative ADC measurement of breast cancer with ssEPI and reduced FOV diffusion weighted imaging techniques |
1Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 2Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 3Breast Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 4Cancer Systems Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States |
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The goal of this study was to assess differences in quantitative ADC of breast cancer between ssEPI and rFOV DWI techniques. The two techniques were used to acquire breast DWI images in 27 patients at three different time points during their neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Tumor ADC from the two techniques at baseline and mid-treatment scans show strong correlation and minimal bias. However, tumor ADC from the two techniques at pre-surgery correlated more moderately and showed a slight bias. The relative and absolute changes in ADC at mid-treatment or pre-surgery from baseline showed only moderately-strong non-parametric correlation between the two techniques. |
| 2358 | Computer 60
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Non-gaussian IVIM-DWI for HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer patients who received marked dose de-escalation in chemo-radiotherapy: Intra-treatment imaging response evaluation |
1Medical Physcis, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 3Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States |
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This study aims to evaluate treatment response in human papillomavirus-related (HPV+) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma using pre- treatment (TX), intra- TX week 1, 2, 3, and post-TX week 4 quantitative imaging metrics derived from non-Gaussian IVIM DWI. ADC and D showed a significant increase between pre- and post-TX week 4 in complete response (CR) group, who were treated with dose de-escalation to 30Gy chemo-radiation therapy. |
| 2359 | Computer 61
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Readout-segmented vs. Single Shot Diffusion MRI for Radiation Therapy Planning in Head and Neck Tumor |
1Dept.of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany |
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Image distortion is a major limitation in radiation therapy (RT) planning, especially for diffusion weighed imaging in regions with strong B0-inhomogeneity. In this study we analyze the improvement of Readout-segmented-EPI over conventional single shot EPI in the geometrically challenging anatomical region of the neck. RS-EPI effectively increases geometric accuracy in head and neck tumor DWI and significantly reduces ghosting artifacts at the cost of a slightly prolonged acquisition time. Therefore it has proven a clear clinical benefit compared to standard SS-EPI. |
| 2360 | Computer 62
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Combined diffusion and perfusion MRI in Glioblastoma predicts glial stem cells proliferation and aggressiveness |
1UMR 1214 Toulouse Neuroimaging Center, INSERM, Toulouse, France, 2Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 3U1037 Toulouse Cancer Research Center, INSERM, TOULOUSE, France |
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Interpretation of diffusion and perfusion MRI in the hyper-FLAIR is challenging. In this work, biopsies were extracted from 16 subjects and infiltrative tumorous stem cells were counted and cultivated intraoperatively to measure their aggressiveness. Diffusion was found to be a good predictor of the time to form tumorous neurospheres. Glioblastoma stem cells were found preferably in regions with strong perfusion, that is to say near vascular niches. |
| 2361 | Computer 63
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Getting more from less: a morphological model of diffusion in the prostate for improving the predictive power of DWI in identifying tumors. |
1Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom |
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We constructed a morphological model of diffusion in the prostate from a limited number of diffusion-weighted images to increase the sensitivity of such diffusion imaging to the presence of prostate cancer. Estimating the measurement error (9.9%) and characterizing the prostate from a large public dataset (n=206) has shown morphological relationships (|r|>0.5) and provided distributions and relationships within the available ADC measures. A model can then be used to give expected values to test against, and enable much larger datasets to be synthesized with the aim of testing various machine learning approaches. |
| 2362 | Computer 64
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Serial ADC measurements in the T2 hyperintense, but otherwise normal-appearing white matter of glioblastoma patients correlates with survival |
1Department of Radiology, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic |
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Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary intracranial tumor and, despite multi-modal treatment, the prognosis remains poor. Additional tools to improve early detection or evaluate treatment response are highly desirable. We evaluated serial ADC measurements in the T2-hyperintense, but otherwise normal-appearing white matter at 1.5 T in thirty-five subjects diagnosed with glioblastoma and treated by surgical resection, radiotherapy, temozolomide and tumor-treating fields. We found that serially increasing ADC in the T2-hyperintense, but otherwise normal-appearing white matter in glioblastoma patients is prognostically favorable, with significantly greater overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with increasing ADC. |
| 2363 | Computer 65
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Characterising early stage cervical cancer using radiomic features derived from T2- and diffusion-weighted images: a potential prognostic tool in surgical management? |
1Cancer Research UK Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom, 2MRI Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom, 3Gynaecology Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 4Gynaecology, St. Georges University Hospital, London, United Kingdom |
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Radiomic features were compared between cervical tumors below and above the volume threshold of eligibility for trachelectomy (< or >4 cm3) to determine their potential prognostic value. Textural feature differences between smaller and larger tumors were similar for both the T2-W and the ADC data. Homogeneity and Energy were increased and Entropy, Contrast and Cluster Prominence decreased in larger tumors. This may reflect the transition from a mixed morphology (tumor elements interspersed with normal glands and stroma) in smaller tumors to more homogenous sheets of malignant cells as tumors increase in size and de-differentiate. |
| 2364 | Computer 66
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Cluster analysis of IVIM parameter maps reveals tumor subregions of different proliferative status |
1Department of Radiation Physics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden |
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Tumors are often heterogeneous, which can be seen with various imaging techniques. Even so, analysis based on quantitative imaging is often restrained to average tumor parameter values. In this study we used cluster analysis to identify tumor subregions based on IVIM parameter maps. The tumor subregions showed strong agreement with proliferative status as derived from histological analysis. |
| 2365 | Computer 67
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Longitudinal diffusion kurtosis MRI in an intracranial rat glioblastoma model |
1Centre for Preclinical Imaging, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, 2Department of Applied Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom |
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Diffusion kurtosis MRI was used to evaluate the longitudinal changes in a tumor microstructure of a rat model of glioblastoma. F98 tumor cells were injected into six rat brains and imaged longitudinally 8, 11 and 14 days post-implantation. For DKI, an EPI-DTI sequence was used with 2 b-values (1000-2000 s/mm2) and 15 directions. Diffusional kurtosis parameters increased in the tumor compared to the contralateral healthy brain. No significant change with time in the tumor was observed for any diffusion or kurtosis parameters. |
| 2366 | Computer 68
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Probing the combined effects of collagen concentration and cell density on MR diffusion and relaxivity using a model system |
1Cancer Research UK Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom |
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Cell-encapsulating collagen-based models can be used to investigate the relative contributions of the intra and extracellular compartments to ADC, T1 and T2. ADC is mostly affected by cell density, while T2 is influenced primarily by the collagen density; a 120% reduction in T2 was seen when collagen density was increased seven-fold, but this reduction was only 80% in cell containing collagen gels. ADC was not altered by increasing collagen density, unless cell density was also increased. |
| 2367 | Computer 69
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Diffusion Weighted Imaging at 7T for Differentiation by Grade and Cellularity of Murine Endogenous Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma |
1Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 2Nuclear Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 3Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany |
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DWI of mice with endogenous PDAC tumours were acquired in a 7T MRI system without breath gating. Inclusion of DWI with b-values above 800 s/mm2 in fits substantially improves the qualitative appearance and reduces variance of uniform region fit ADC. Tumours were grouped (based on histology) by cellularity (amounts of neoplastic cells and stroma, and clustering) and separately by grade. ADC reliably distinguishes tumours of different cellularity (PDAClow 1.58±0.08; PDACmed 1.35±0.07; PDAChigh 1.17 ± 0.11; P<0.0001). Grades G2 and G3 were not distinguishable via ADC (1.43±0.15 vs. 1.43±0.16 10-3 mm2/s), however G4 had significantly lower ADC (1.16±0.10 10-3 mm2/s, P<0.0001). |
| 2368 | Computer 70
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Detection of pre-metastatic niches in perfused mouse livers by diffusion-weighted imaging at ultra-high field |
1Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal |
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Cancer cells can induce phenotypic modifications at future sites of dissemination (pre-metastatic niches), which support tumor growth and metastasis. Here we evaluated whether diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) could detect mouse liver pre-metastatic niches (LPM) ex vivo using ultrahigh magnetic field MRI. Our results show that mean diffusivity (MD) and mean kurtosis (MK) can depict microstructural changes associated with LPM formation, consistent with a more fibrotic and cellular microenvironment revealed by histologic analysis of the same samples. These results represent a solid step toward the development of a non-invasive imaging tool for pre-metastatic niche diagnosis. |
| 2369 | Computer 71
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T1 relaxivity in the bone marrow to monitor response to therapy in acute myeloid leukemia xenografts |
1Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom, 2In Vivo Imaging, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom |
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Mouse models of cancer are extensively used to better understand the pathobiology of the disease, to test potential novel therapies, and for the development of diagnostic and prognostic imaging tools. Currently, diagnosis of acute myeloid |
| 2370 | Computer 72
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Quantitative Imaging of Pharmacodynamics in a Phase 1 Clinical Study of the Vascular Disrupting Agent Crolibulin (EPC2407) |
1Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, TAMPA, FL, United States, 2Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States, 4Imaging Endpoints, LLC, Scottsdale, AZ, United States, 5Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States |
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Diffusion and DCE-MRI were performed at baseline and 2-3 days following Crolibulin (EPC2407) treatment in a phase 1 clinical study of this vascular disrupting agent. ADCw, Ktrans, Ve, and Vp parameter maps were computed and co-registered across scan dates. Over 10 subjects there was an average of 44% decrease in mean tumor Ktrans 2-3 days after initiation of therapy relative to baseline Ktrans values. The decrease in whole-tumor Ktrans was significantly greater in subjects who received 24 mg/m2 drug relative to those who received 13 mg/m2 Crolibulin. Voxel-wise analysis of changes in ADCw, Ktrans, Ve, and Vp will be presented. |
| 2371 | Computer 73
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Optimisation of luminal water imaging for classification of prostate cancer |
1Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom |
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Luminal Water Imaging (LWI) using a multi-echo T2 sequence with 64 echoes has been proposed for microstructural assessment of prostate cancer. We have previously demonstrated that LWI could be simplified and performed using 32 echoes. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether further reduction in echo train length is possible. Reducing echo train length reduces SAR and provides the opportunity to improve LWI resolution and/or volume coverage without exceeding maximum SAR requirements for imaging patients. |
| 2372 | Computer 74
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The influence of different ROI delineation strategies for relaxation measurements in nasopharyngeal carcinoma using Synthetic MR imaging |
1Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, China |
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Recently, a novel quantification method named synthetic MRI have attracted more and more attention in the field of clinical research, such as neural disorders and tumor since the first study in 2008. However, this quantitative assessment of diseases based on relaxation times requires regions of interest (ROI), the delineation of which can impact the accuracy of estimated values. To evaluate how the distinct methods of ROI delineation would impact the relaxation value estimation, in current study, 30 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) were acquired using synthetic MRI. |
| 2373 | Computer 75
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Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-weighted Imaging for Monitoring the Immune Response to Cyclophosphamide in C57BL/6 Mice with GL261 gliomas |
1Medical image center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China, 2MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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It is known that the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has been widely applied to the detection and characterization of tumors. However, there were no studies to investigate the use of IVIM-DWI in the evaluation of anti-neoplastic agents induced immune response. In this work, to assess whether IVIM-DWI can predict the immune response to anti-neoplastic agents, six C57BL/6 mice with GL261 mouse gliomas were applied using Metronomic cyclophosphamide. Our results indicated that IVIM-DWI is sensitive to detect the Cyclophosphamide-induced Immune Response. |
| 2374 | Computer 76
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Correlation of breast tumor grade and lymphovascular invasion with biomechanical properties: first results from a breast cancer trial |
1Guy's and St.Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 2Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Division of Imaging Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 4King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom |
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Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) has been considered a promising novel imaging modality in the quantification of viscoelastic properties of breast tumours. The purpose of this study was to evaluate reproducibility and repeatability of a newly developed MRE breast system and investigate whether aberrant biomechanical properties correlate with tumour histopathology. MRE was conducted on 20 healthy volunteers and 15 breast cancer patients. Malignant lesions demonstrated an increase in viscoelasticity when compared to adipose or fibroglandular tissue. While lesions with lymphovascular invasion demonstrated a tendency towards more elevated viscoelasticity than those without lymphovascular invasion, histological grades clearly did not correlate with biomechanics. |
| 2375 | Computer 77
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MRI-based radiomic to predict lipomatous soft tissue tumors malignancy |
1CREATIS CNRS UMR 5220; Inserm U1206; INSA-Lyon; UCBL Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France, 2Department of Radiology, Centre de lutte contre le cancer Léon Berard, Lyon, France, 3Department of Oncology, Centre de lutte contre le cancer Léon Berard, Lyon, France, 4CREATIS CNRS UMR 5220; Inserm U1206; INSA-Lyon; UCBL Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France |
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In this study a MRI-based radiomic method was developed to predict lipomatous soft tissue tumors malignancy. 81 subjects with lipomatous soft tissue tumors whose histology was known and with fat-suppressed T1w contrast enhanced MR images available were retrospectively enrolled to constitute a database. A linear support vector machine was used after learning base dimension reduction to develop the model. Results demonstrate that the evaluation of lipomatous tumor malignancy is feasible with good diagnosis performances using a routinely used MRI acquisition in clinical practice. |
| 2376 | Computer 78
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Quality assurance of quantitative MRI for biomarker discovery in locally advanced cervical cancer |
1Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark, 3Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 4Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 5Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India, 6Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 7Radiatiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 8Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 9Medical Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, 10Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 11Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Large multi-center studies are needed to realize the utilization of quantitative MRI (qMRI) as a biomarker for cervical cancer. In this study we created a framework for a multi-center imaging biomarker study, maximizing the consistency between quantitative results in the presence of a large variety of MRI systems. This way, large deviations in qMRI values can be detected and corrected before enrolment of patients in a study. Furthermore, these results can be used to determine the statistical power of the study. |
| 2377 | Computer 79
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The value of 1.5T contrast-enhanced T1 SPACE sequence in the simulation and planning for Cyberknife stereotactic radiosurgery of brain metastases: patient positioning accuracy, lesion detectability, and target delineation reliability |
1Medical Physics and Research Department, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong, 2Department of radiotherapy, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong, 3Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong |
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Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is increasingly used for multiple brain metastases (BM) treatment and imposes critical requirements on the accuracy of BM detection, localization and definition in the treatment planning. SPACE sequence is valuable in BM detection for diagnosis, while its value in the BM SRS planning has rarely been explored. We prospectively and quantitatively assessed CE-T1-SPACE in the treatment simulation and planning of Cyberknife-guided BM SRS on a 1.5T MRI-simulator. The results showed that CE-T1-SPACE facilitated high patient positioning accuracy, superior BM detectability and reliable GTV delineation, showing great value in the treatment planning of BM SRS. |
| 2378 | Computer 80
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Measuring eye deformation between planning and proton beam therapy position using MRI. |
1Radiology & Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 2Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 3Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 4Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands |
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MRI is becoming a new important imaging modality for ocular tumours. The acquisition of the MR-images for therapy planning are acquired in supine position, but proton beam radiotherapy is performed with the patient in sitting position. By performing scans in supine and in flexed position, we found that this change in gravity direction produces no substantial changes (<0.3mm) in eye and tumour shape. Our results indicate that supinely acquired MR images can be used to accurately plan proton beam radiotherapy of ocular tumours. |
| 2379 | Computer 81
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Understanding the Biomechanical Signature of Pressurised Tumour on the Surrounding Tissue: a Modelling Study |
1School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 3U1148, INSERM, Paris, France |
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Solid tumour growth is often associated with the accumulation of mechanical stresses acting on the surrounding host tissue. These forces alter the biomechanics of the adjacent soft tissue, generating a variation in stiffness resulting in a signature pattern that can be probed through MR-Elastography. The probed stiffness, however, is strongly dependent on the direction of propagation of the employed shear waves, leading to the reconstruction of anisotropic mechanical properties of the peri-tumoural tissue. Here we present, using theoretical and experimental means, a closed theoretical understanding of the observed alteration of tangent stiffness of soft tissue generated by pressurised tumour expansion. |
| 2380 | Computer 82
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Molecular MRI differentiation between thyroid papillary carcinoma and thyroid adenoma without cystic degeneration using endogenous protein-based Amide Proton Transfer Signals |
1Department of Radiology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, guangzhou, China, 2Philips Healthcare,Guangzhou, China, guangzhou, China |
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To identify thyroid papillary carcinoma from thyroid adenoma, we acquired amide proton transfer(APT) value of the both by using the 3T MRI. The differences of APT value of the both were statistically compared by means of nonparametric methods and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used. The results showed statistical differences among the two nodules, suggesting that APTw imaging can be considered for differentiation of thyroid carcinoma from benign thyroid carcinoma. |
| 2381 | Computer 83
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Detailed MRI Report Findings Play Important Role in Establishing Predictive Machine Learning Models For Recurrence in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma |
1Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China, 2Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi an, China, 3Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China |
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To compare different machine-learning approaches, develop the best predictive model for recurrence, and explore interactions between different types of data in non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Auto Machine Learning (AutoML) classifier plus the minimum redundancy and maximum correlation (mRMR) method achieved the best predictive accuracy to build prediction model for recurrence in NPC. The model incorporating databases including T/N stage data, clinical data, or detailed MRI report findings showed the best performance. Detailed MRI report findings have potential as useful biomarkers in predicting NPC recurrence, which may help develop more individualized multidisciplinary treatment and follow-up strategies. |
| 2382 | Computer 84
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In vivo MR imaging of pelvic lymph nodes at ultra-high magnetic field (7T) |
1Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 2Erwin L Hahn Institute, Essen, Germany, 3German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany, 4University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany |
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The presence of metastases in pelvic lymph nodes marks the transition from local to systemic disease in many primary cancers in the lower abdomen. This crucial step in disease progression determines prognosis and the choice of treatment. Detection of metastatic lymph nodes is currently done with invasive diagnostic surgery, but could profit from USPIO-enhanced MRI. In this 7T study we present an in vivo anatomical baseline of number, size and location of visible lymph nodes in healthy volunteers, as well as the feasibility of using USPIO-enhanced MRI to detect suspicious lymph nodes in patients with prostate and rectal cancer. |
| 2383 | Computer 85
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Detection and Risk-stratification of Prostate Cancer with MR Molecular Imaging using Extradomain-B Fibronectin as a Biomarker |
1Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Early detection and differential diagnosis of high-risk prostate cancer is imperative, so as to enable risk-stratification and decision-making in disease management. This research shows that the ECM oncoprotein Extradomain-B Fibronectin (EDB-FN) is strongly associated with high-risk prostate tumors and with low-risk prostate tumors that evolve into high-risk tumors, highlighting the potential of EDB-FN as a promising diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer imaging. In addition, we have developed EDB-FN-specific peptide targeted MRI contrast agents that facilitate accurate differential detection and risk-stratification of prostate cancers. |
| 2384 | Computer 86
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The Effects of Ground Truth Variance on Radio-Pathomic Mapping in Prostate Cancer |
1Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, United States, 2Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wawautosa, WI, United States, 3Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wawautosa, WI, United States, 4Pathology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 5Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 6Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wawautosa, WI, United States, 7Urological Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wawautosa, WI, United States |
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achine learning provides a framework for non-invasively extracting more information from a clinical prostate scan by leveraging aligned post-surgical tissue samples with in-vivo imaging to create predictive models of histological characteristics. Many of these algorithms rely on a pathological diagnosis as the ground truth for the classification or regression task. This study aims to investigate the effects of varying the ground truth label in generating voxel-wise radio-pathomic maps of epithelium and lumen density in prostate cancer. |
| 2385 | Computer 87
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Feasibility of Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting of Glioblastoma Multiforme |
1Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2Cancer Research UK, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 3IMAGO7 Foundation, Pisa, Italy, 4GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany |
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) research seeks to establish fast, sensitive, repeatable, and quantitative methods. The reduction of MRI acquisition times is important for patients who have significant disease, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and therewith difficulties with lengthy scan sessions. Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF) is a method that can enable fast quantitative T1 and T2 mapping by exploiting transient signals caused by the variation of pseudorandom sequence parameters. This work demonstrates the feasibility of MRF in three patients with GBM, showing two before and after gadolinium contrast. |
| 2386 | Computer 88
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Zero TE based pseudo CT conversion: impact of different HU value assignment methods for bones in the Head. |
1GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany, 2Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, 3GE Global Research, Bangalore, India, 4GE Healthcare, Stockholm, Sweden |
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Patient specific and accurate pseudo CT are needed for the adoption of MR-only in the radiation therapy workflow. Zero TE (ZTE) acquisition has proven to be very robust and reliable for bone segmentation, with the additional advantage of showing a reproducible inverse linear correlation with corresponding CT HU for ZTE intensity values in the bone range. Here we specifically investigate the impact on the dose accuracy of continuous versus single HU value assignment for bones and the strength of the Zero TE inverse linear correlation to CT values for accurate pseudo CT conversion. |
| 2387 | Computer 89
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Statistical prediction of recurrence-free survival at 10 years in breast cancer patients |
1Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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This study examined whether axillary lymph-node size accurately predicts or improves prediction of 10-year recurrence-free survival. We found that for single-variable analysis, the top predictor of recurrence-free survival was pre-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) nodal volume (AUC=0.67), followed by pre-NAC tumor volume (AUC=0.66). In 4-variable analysis, the top set of predictors was pre-NAC nodal volume, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity, pre-NAC tumor volume, and tumor volume difference between pre- and early-NAC time points (AUC=0.79). This is the first study of investigating prediction performance of recurrence-free survival using longitudinal volume change of axillary lymph-node volume in breast cancer patients. |
| 2388 | Computer 90
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Gradient-entropy based radiomic features to predict molecular sub-types of pediatric Medulloblastoma on Gadolinium-enhanced T1w MRI |
1Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angels, Los Angels, CA, United States, 3Hematology, Children's Hospital Los Angels, Los Angels, CA, United States, 4Diagnostic Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Genomic Characterization of Medulloblastoma (MB) has recently identified 4 distinct molecular subgroups: Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), wingless (WNT), Group 3, and Group 4. These subgroups have shown different clinical behaviours and benefits to subgroup-specific treatments. We explored the feasibility of a new gradient-entropy radiomic feature, CoLlAGe, to distinguish molecular sub-types of MB on Gd-T1w MRI. Our results using multi-class comparison via one way ANOVA and post-hoc comparison showed significant differences in CoLlAGe features obtained across molecular sub-types. Our feasibility results suggest that the CoLlAGe features in different tumor regions observed on routine Gd-T1w MRI may potentially serve as surrogate markers to non-invasively characterize molecular sub-types of pediatric MB. |
| 2389 | Computer 91
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Characterization of the arrest and retention of iron-labeled breast cancer cells and the growth and progression of brain metastases in NSG mice |
1Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, 2Medical Biophysics, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada |
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Patient-derived xenografts in NSG mice provide a novel and more clinically relevant model of studying breast cancer brain metastasis in comparison to traditional cell lines in nude mice. NSG and nude mice both received brain-seeking breast cancer cells and were imaged with MRI to assess cell arrest, retention, and growth. Images revealed significantly more brain metastases and overall whole-body tumour burden in NSG mice than nudes. These results provide characterization of the NSG mouse as a preclinical platform for PDX models and demonstrates the importance of imaging to establish this model for future advancements in drug development and personalized medicine. |
| 2390 | Computer 92
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Stacked In-plane Histology for Quantitative Validation of Non-invasive Imaging Biomarkers: Application to an Infiltrative Brain Tumour Model |
1Glasgow Experimental MRI Center, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 2Centre of Clinical Brain Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 3Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 4University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 5Department of Clinical Physics and Bioengineering, Greater Glasgow Health Board and University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 6Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow university, Glasgow, United Kingdom |
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Despite the advance in medical imaging, it is important to validate new imaging biomarkers for a particular disease against histopathology, which is considered the ground truth. Here we propose a methodology for the quantitative validation of MRI biomarkers by the co-registration of histological probability maps with MR images. Using a mouse model of infiltrative brain tumours, we show this approach is far more robust than those currently applied. |
| 2391 | Computer 93
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Reductive microenvironment responsive gadolinium-based polymers as potential safe MRI contrast agents |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 2Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu,Sichuan, China |
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The abstract provided an alternative strategy to develop highly efficient and safe gadolinium-based MRI macromolecular contrast agents (Gd-mCAs) via conjugation of small molecular DOTA-Gd to a stimuli-responsive biodegradable and amphiphilic block DHPMA copolymer through a ROX-sensitive biocleavable disulfide bond. Also, its potential as efficient and safe MRI mCAs for cancer diagnosis have been investigated. |
| 2392 | Computer 94
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MR spectroscopy to assess decreased tumor choline as a marker of response to choline kinase inhibitors |
1Centre for Preclinical Imaging, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Biochemistry, Centre for Cell Imaging, Liverpool, United Kingdom |
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Tumor volume and single voxel in vivo ¹H MRS were used to assess the effects of the choline kinase inhibitor JAS239 in the F98 rat glioblastoma (GBM) model. Five F344 rats were inoculated with GBM cells and subsequently treated for 5 consecutive days with 4 mg/kg JAS239 or saline. A reduction in total choline (tCho) in tumors treated with JAS239, along with tumor growth arrest was noted in comparison to saline treated rats. JAS239 preferentially inhibited choline metabolism in tumors as no changes were observed in tCho levels from the contralateral brain. |
| 2393 | Computer 95
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High-Throughput Automatic Tumor Detection and Segmentation in Small-Animal MR Imaging of Patient-Derived Tumor Xenografts |
1Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States |
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Computer aided tumor detection and segmentation of small animal MR images are prone to spurious lesion, false detection, under segmentation, over segmentation, incompatibles of huge number of images for small animal MR imaging. We propose computer aided method using the combination of fast C-means, morphology and single-phase level set to detect and segment tumor lesions from T2 weighted MR images. Proposed method gives over 90% accuracy when applied to homogeneous tumors. |
| 2394 | Computer 96
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Blood oxygen level dependent MRI detects changes in hepatocellular carcinoma induced by sorafenib treatment |
1Department of Imaging Physics, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 2Department of Interventional Radiology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 3Department of Biostatistics, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 4Department of Diagnostic Radiology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States |
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Imaging biomarkers are needed for assessing treatment response in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We evaluated BOLD MRI with hyperoxic challenge in an orthotopic rodent model of HCC for animals treated with the widely used kinase inhibitor sorafenib. A reduction in ΔT2* in tumor and background liver was exhibited for rats treated with sorafenib relative to untreated controls, while no significant change was observed in skeletal muscle. These results demonstrate that BOLD MRI could be a useful tool for detecting treatment effects in HCC. |
| 2395 | Computer 97
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TrueFISP MRI assay for fast & reliable tumor stage classification in carcinogen induced orthotopic bladder cancer |
1Radiology & Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Surgery, Division of Urology, Northshore University Health System, Evanston, IL, United States, 3Urology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Using a TrueFISP sequence we implemented a non-invasive assay for stage classification of bladder tumors using a orthotopic murine bladder cancer model. Because generation of this tumor model is achieved by administration of carcinogenic agents it is naturally heterogeneous. The imaging method proposed allows accurate assessment of tumor burden and provides a tool for randomization to experimental treatments. |
| 2396 | Computer 98
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Spleen metabolism altered by human pancreatic cancer xenografts |
1Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 33Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Cachexia is a poorly understood metabolic syndrome characterized by cancer-induced tissue wasting and weight loss. Cachexia occurs with the highest frequency and severity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). To further understand this syndrome, here we used 1H MRS to analyze spleen metabolites in normal mice and mice with and without cachexia-inducing PDAC. We detected profound spleen weight loss in cachectic mice. 1H MR spectra identified significant depletion of amino acids, cholines, creatine in cachectic mice that provide new insights into the syndrome that may present novel strategies to prevent or reduce cachexia-induced weight loss and the morbidity and mortality associated with the syndrome |
| 2397 | Computer 99
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3D non-rigid motion correction for quantitative assessment of hepatic lesions with dynamic contrast enhanced MRI |
1Radiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany |
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Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MRI of the liver is a powerful qualitative and quantitative clinical methodology used to identify lesions and characterize their functional behavior. Respiratory motion can lead to artefacts, impairing the calculation of contrast uptake curves and quantitative functional information. Here we present an approach, which provides non-rigid motion-corrected endothelial permeability (Ktrans) maps obtained from DCE images with temporal resolution of 6s and isotropic spatial resolution of 1.5mm3 acquired during free-breathing. The proposed framework was evaluated in 10 patients and led to an improved visualization of hepatic lesions and subsequent derivation of Ktrans maps. |
| 2398 | Computer 100
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A novel imaging biomarker for cancer from multicomponent T1 relaxometry |
1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 2Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 3JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine, Research Centre Juelich, Aachen, Germany, 4Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11, JARA), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 5Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany |
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We hypothesised that T1 relaxation curves sampled with very high temporal resolution reflect the existence of several environments in healthy and brain tumour tissue. Relaxation properties of healthy as well as tumour tissue, identified by FET-PET in a hybrid MR-PET environment, were investigated using a Look-Locker inversion recovery sequence sampled with a 17ms time resolution and 460 time points. The properties of normal appearing tissue were very similar in patients and healthy volunteers. In addition, a novel component was identified in brain tumour patients, which seems characteristic of the presence of tumour and oedema. |
| 2399 | Computer 101
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Optimization of a 3-channel gradient waveform for FRONSAC encoding |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States |
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This work reports the performance of various gradient waveforms for Fast Rotary Nonlinear Spatial Acquisition (FRONSAC) encoding, varying the amplitude, frequency and phase of the oscillation on different channels. Waveforms using three NLG channels were used to image an American College of Radiology (ACR) phantom, and root-mean-square error (RMSE) relative to a fully sampled reference was used to evaluate performance. Experimentally observed trends support those reported in previous work, which was based on theory and simulations. For the given hardware, the results suggest that the best combination for C3, S3 and Z2 are 64, 64 and 32 cycles per readout and 1.74×106mTm-3, 1.74×106mTm-3 and 3.05×106mTm-2 respectively. |
| 2400 | Computer 102
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Feasibility Study of Improving SPIRiT by Exploiting Artificial Sparsity in Dynamic MRI |
12nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 3School of Computer and Information Science, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, China, 4School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 5Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, Guangzhou, China |
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Improving spatiotemporal resolution is of great importance for dynamic MRI in clinical circumstances. An improved SPIRiT method using artificial sparsity and PCA denoising is proposed in this work. Simulated cardiac perfusion phantom and in-vivo cardiac cine experiments were conducted. The proposed method showed better image quality compared with GRAPPA and the frame-by-frame SPIRiT method. |
| 2401 | Computer 103
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PHASE OFFSET CORRECTION METHODS FOR 7T MRI |
1Centre for advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Australia, Brisbane, Australia |
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At the 7T MRI field, the absence of a volume reference coil results in inter channel phase offsets. It is therefore important to understand the impact of using different phase offset correction methods for producing combined phase images. We quantitatively analysed multi-channel offset corrected 7T GRE-MRI phase images of a phantom obtained using five established methods. Magnetic susceptibility images of a brain were assessed qualitatively in addition. We found that methods which phase offset correct using echo time dependent signal phases contain systematic errors, whereas single echo time methods produce more accurate results. |
| 2402 | Computer 104
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System conditioning during GRAPPA kernel training improves temporal SNR in accelerated EPI-based functional, diffusion, and perfusion MRI applications |
1Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 4Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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This work examines methods to improve the conditioning of the linear system of equations used to compute GRAPPA and Dual-Polarity GRAPPA reconstruction coefficients, and it's effect on temporal SNR in applications that employ accelerated EPI data. We test three methods: (i) system normalization, (ii) simple Tikhonov regularization, and (iii) 2D k-space filters applied to the calibration data prior to the linear system formation. Examples of tSNR improvement are shown, drawing from EPI-based in-vivo functional, diffusion, and perfusion imaging data acquired at 3T and 7T. |
| 2403 | Computer 105
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Low-Latency Reconstruction for Real-Time Speech MRI |
1Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Real-time MRI provides the ability to visualize dynamic processes as they occur. This may require low latency, defined as the total time between when a pose occurs and when a digital representation appears on a screen for interpretation and/or use by the scan operator. We explore the tradeoff between image quality and latency for speech production imaging, where high-latency constrained reconstruction is the current state-of-the-art. We demonstrate that image quality adequate for a) confirmation of stimuli compliance and b) identification of subject motion can be provided to the scan operator with a latency less than 70ms. |
| 2404 | Computer 106
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Simultaneous multislice reconstruction for spiral MRI using slice-SPIRiT |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 2Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 3Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 4Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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Simultaneous multislice (SMS) imaging provides through-plane acceleration. While current reconstruction methods for non-Cartesian imaging (and also for Cartesian imaging) utilize either in-plane or through-plane coil information, we reasoned that a slice-SPIRiT model could utilize both in-plane and through-plane kernel calibration information, and potentially outperform methods like conjugate-gradient SENSE (CG-SENSE). We developed a slice-SPIRiT method and compared it to CG-SENSE for spiral cardiac cine imaging. Slice leakage artifacts using slice-SPIRiT were 52.9% lower than using CG-SENSE in phantoms, and the artifact power of slice-SPIRiT was 24.2% less than CG-SENSE in five volunteers. Slice-SPIRiT is a promising method for spiral SMS imaging. |
| 2405 | Computer 107
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Self-Estimated Subspace Reconstruction for Highly-Accelerated Dynamic Golden-Angle Radial MRI |
1Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States, 3Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R) and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States |
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Subspace-constrained reconstruction is a powerful technique to accelerate dynamic MRI. However, its performance is relatively limited for applications where a robust temporal model is not available. This work proposes to estimate temporal basis from undersampled dynamic golden-angle radial data without the need of a model or additional navigators, and to apply the estimated temporal basis for subspace-constrained reconstruction of undersampled dynamic images. The reconstruction algorithm also enforces an additional low-rank constraint on the resulting low dimensional dynamic images in the subspace. The proposed self-estimated subspace-constrained reconstruction technique was demonstrated for DCE-MRI of the prostate. |
| 2406 | Computer 108
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Refined-subspaces for two iteration single shot T2-Shuffling using dictionary matching |
1Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 2Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 5Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 6Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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Half-Fourier-acquisition-single-shot-turbo-spin-echo (HASTE) serves as a valuable tool for fetal MRI as it is robust to fetal motion and produces images with T2-weighted contrast. However, due to T2-decay and T1-recovery during the acquisition, clinically applied HASTE with sub-180° refocusing pulses and partial-fourier readouts, often yield images with compromised diagnostic quality compared to multi-shot T2-weighted imaging. T2-shuffling exploits a forward model of signal evolution to mitigate blurring and improve contrast in image reconstruction. We propose single-shot imaging with a refined-subspace, iterative application of T2-shuffling, with demonstration in numerical models, that reduces blurring artifacts and improves image contrast in comparison to conventional HASTE. |
| 2407 | Computer 109
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Improving the Performance of Accelerated Image Reconstruction in K-Space: The Importance of Kernel Shape |
1Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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A variety of popular k-space reconstruction methods (e.g., GRAPPA, SPIRiT, SAKE, LORAKS) assume that missing k-space data can be interpolated by convolving the k-space data with appropriate filters. In most of these methods, the kernel shape is usually chosen to be rectangular. However, when these filters are interpreted in the spatial domain, the use of rectangular kernels implies that the filters will have anisotropic resolution. In this work, we investigate the use of elliptical kernels that have more isotropic resolution. Results demonstrate that elliptical kernels have better reconstruction performance, lower computational complexity, and lower memory usage than rectangular kernels. |
| 2408 | Computer 110
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Improved Parallel Imaging with a 3D Spiral Staircase Trajectory |
1Philips Healthcare, Gaineseville, FL, United States, 2Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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A flexible 3D “Spiral Staircase” (SSC) trajectory is introduced that reduces g-factor losses from through-plane parallel imaging acceleration, regardless of coil geometry. Results demonstrate up to a 5x g-factor improvement over Cartesian SENSE for through-plane acceleration in axial brain acquisition with R = 3. |
| 2409 | Computer 111
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Making Reconstruction WORK (Weighted Optimized Reconstruction of K-Space): Improving CNR/SNR via non-FFT Weighted Reconstruction |
1Radiology, UPMC Pittsburgh Children's Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, United States |
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FFT-based reconstruction is suboptimal in the presence of signal decay during acquisition and between-excitation (shot-to-shot) variance in relaxation parameters. We present a novel reconstruction algorithm, Weighted Optimized Reconstruction of K-space (WORK), which weights each k-space point differently, optimizing for all sources of variance. Simulation results demonstrate the potential for 2X temporal SNR improvement in gradient-echo EPI acquisitions compared to standard FFT reconstruction while preserving spatial information. Substantial SNR improvement is also demonstrated for a pCASL 2D GE-EPI-SMS acquisition. |
| 2410 | Computer 112
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kz-GRAPPA for 3D parallel imaging with localized estimation of interpolation kernels |
1University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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A kz-dependent shift-variant 3D GRAPPA approach for reconstructing 2D under-sampled k-space is proposed. The method results in equal or lower g-factors compared to a conventional shift-invariant 3D kernel. In turn, this permits higher 2D ky-kz accelerations, and promises significant advantages for functional and diffusion imaging. The method is demonstrated with anatomical and diffusion imaging using thin slabs. |
| 2411 | Computer 113
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Full 3D ky-kz-kx GRAPPA reconstruction of SMS MB EPI |
1Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 2Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States |
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EPI with sub-second sampling rates is essential for fMRI to increase tSNR and filter out physiological noise. Simultaneous multiple slice (SMS)-EPI using multi-band (MB) slice excitation has been successfully applied to acquire whole brain fMRI data in < 1s. However, the reconstruction of SMS-EPI remains in separate 2D/1D GRAPPA or partial 3D GRAPPA in ky-kz’-kx domains. To further increase acquisition speed, TR< 500ms, higher k-space dimensional GRAPPA can be used to improve reconstruction performance, e.g. increase SNR and decrease aliasing artifacts. To meet this need we developed a full 3D ky-kz-kx GRAPPA reconstruction for SMS-EPI validated it by simulation and experiment at 7T. |
| 2412 | Computer 114
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Reducing g-factor for TGRAPPA accelerated real-time cardiac cine imaging |
1Paul C. Lauterbur Research Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, China, 2Medical AI Research Centre, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, China |
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TGRAPPA acceleration alleviates the intense tradeoff between spatial and temporal resolutions for real-time cardiac cine imaging. However, it suffers from significant noise amplification due to ill-conditioned inverse reconstruction at high acceleration factors. A quadruple extended TGRAPPA reconstruction model is established to jointly utilize the additional spatial encoding capability of background phase and the high-order noise model by nonlinear kernel method. Prospective real-time cine experiments showed superior noise suppression of this non-iterative technique at 6-8X acceleration. |
| 2413 | Computer 115
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Virtual Slice Concept for Improved Simultaneous Multi-Slice MRI Employing an Extended Leakage Constraint |
1University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, 2Advanced MRI Technologies, Sebastopol, CA, United States |
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Simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) MRI has recently drawn attentions in its use by acquiring linearly combined signals contributed from all excited slices. In this work, we introduce a novel, SMS reconstruction that extends an inter-slice leakage constraint to intra-slice aliasing with virtual slice concept by generalizing parallel MRI as a special case, thus directly estimating the individual slices from undersampled SMS data. Motivated by the leakage block, we generate virtual slices from intra-slice aliasing signals and then penalize these virtual slices as well as real slices simultaneously by keeping only aliasing-free slice of interest while enforcing inplane aliasing and neighboring slices to zeros, respectively. |
| 2414 | Computer 116
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Enhanced MR-STAT by a multi-coil reconstruction framework |
1Center for Image Sciences, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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MR-STAT is a framework for obtaining multi-parametric quantitative MR maps using data from single short scans. A large-scale optimization problem is solved in which spatial localisation of signal and estimation of tissue parameters are performed simultaneously by directly fitting a Bloch-based volumetric signal model to the time domain data. Previously, only data from a single receive channel could be incorporated into the reconstruction. In this work we extend the MR-STAT framework to allow parameter maps to be reconstructed from multi-coil data resulting in a more robust reconstruction process that has higher scan-efficiency and is less prone to coil shading artefacts. |
| 2415 | Computer 117
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Correcting MRI-specific biases introduced when Bland-Altman plots are used to compare the performance of reconstruction algorithms |
1University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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The Bland-Altman plot is a commonly-used graphical method to compare two measurement techniques and look for systematic biases or outliers. We have identified that the Bland-Altman approach of plotting the differences between the two techniques against their average will introduce false biases in an MRI context. These biases are introduced by the magnitude operation necessary to display or analyze MRI images. We demonstrate a modified Bland-Altman approach that corrects these biases. |
| 2416 | Computer 118
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Acoustic Noise Reduction Using Digital Filters |
1Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 2Athinoula A. Martinos Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts, MA, United States, 3Cape Universities Body Imaging Centre (CUBIC-UCT), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 4MRI Research Unit, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libyan |
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We explored the use of digital low-pass filters to reduce the acoustic noise produced during DTI acquisitions, focusing mainly on the EPI readout. The filters attenuate the high-frequency harmonics of the gradient waveforms which results in |
| 2417 | Computer 119
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Method for Reduction of Reconstruction Time for Compressed Sensing of Multi-Image Series |
1Canon Medical Research USA, Mayfield, OH, United States |
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This proof-of-concept study demonstrates a method to reduce CS reconstruction time for multi-image series (e.g. relaxometry mapping, multi-echo, or dynamic) by leveraging the similarity of data across the image series. The method consists of two components: a) re-using auto-calibrated coil sensitivity maps computed from data of the first image[0] and b) warm starting the iterative reconstruction of each image[i] using the final output from the reconstruction of the previous image[i-1] in the series. One insight is a ‘hybrid warm start’ created by combining the magnitude from the previous image[i-1] reconstruction and the phase of the back-projection of the current image[i]. |
| 2418 | Computer 120
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Optimization of increasing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast of black-blood T1-weighted images in carotid artery |
1Department of Radiological Service, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, YACHIYO, Japan |
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We have developed a new black-blood imaging with radial scan (multi vane) method and improved motion sensitized driven equilibrium (iMSDE). In this study, we changed the following parameters [refocusing flip angle (RFA), TE prep, flow velocity encoding (VENC)]. In addition, we measured SNR and Contrast ratio (CR) to optimize image quality. As RFA increased in radial scan with iMSDE, SNR of muscle rose gently and CR increased. With the extension of TE prep, SNR of muscle declined and CR also declined. As VENC decreased, CR rose gently. There was a significant difference compared with the conventional method. |
| 2419 | Computer 121
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Rapid prOtotyping of 2D non-Cartesian K-space trajEcTories (ROCKET) |
1Dayananda Sagar Institution, Bangalore, India, 2Columbia Magnetic Resonance Research Centre, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States, 3Wipro GE Healthcare, Bangalore, India |
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Rapid prOtotyping of 2D non-CartesIan K-space trajEcTories (ROCKET) aims to aid researchers interested in rapid development and testing of new MR methods starting from pulse sequence design to image analysis. This was achieved by utilizing Pulseq for pulse sequence design and graphical programming interface for image reconstruction and analysis. ROCKET was demonstrated on two non-Cartesian k-space trajectories – FID based radial and spiral. Each trajectory was tailored into three different trajectories based on rotating angle – standard, golden angle and tiny golden angle. All studies were performed on Siemens scanner demonstrated on in-vitro phantom and in-vivo healthy brain acquisitions and SNRs were computed. |
| 2420 | Computer 122
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Dual-venc phase contrast MRI with increased flow encoding efficiency |
1Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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To decrease scan time while maintaining SNR and velocity dynamic range of dual-venc 2D phase-contrast MRI with 3-directional velocity encoding, the sequence was modified to zero-fill the extremes of k-space in the high-venc (HV) acquisition while collecting fully sampled low-venc (LV). In vitro sensitivity analysis shows antialiasing success over 95% with up to 50% zero-filled HV scans. Preliminary data from a healthy control aorta indicate that antialiasing success approaching 100% can be maintained using HV scans. This promising approach may be extended to further improve flow encoding efficiency in volumetric scans. |
| 2421 | Computer 123
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A Neural Network for Rapid Generation of Cardiac MR Fingerprinting Dictionaries with Arbitrary Heart Rhythms |
1Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Radiology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Cardiac MR Fingerprinting with ECG gating typically requires that a new Bloch equation simulation |
| 2422 | Computer 124
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THE IMPACT OF MR IMAGES ACQUISITION PROCESS ON RADIOMIC FEATURES: PHANTOM STUDIES TO SUPPORT CLINICAL RESEARCH |
1Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy, 2INSTM, Milan, Italy, 3IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy |
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Radiomic analysis of radiological images allows the extraction of quantitative features that can represent a support tool for clinical decision. The investigation of these features stability during the MR image acquisition process represents the aim of this study. The features short- and long-term repeatability was tested on a common MR phantom, imaged with the clinical protocol for gynecological imaging. The non-repeatable features were identified and can be excluded a priori in potential clinical studies. Simultaneously, a dedicated phantom was designed to mimic the pelvis and to investigate the stable features, especially the ones characterizing the texture of the imaged tissue. |
| 2423 | Computer 125
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On the Selection of Slice Profile for Through-Plane Resolution in Multi-Slice MR Imaging |
1Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering and Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Multislice imaging is a mainstay of clinical MR exams, but image reformatting is limited by through-plane resolution. Some methods aim to overcome this by acquiring overlapping slices and deconvolving the slice profile. However, slice profiles which have zero crossings in the Fourier (spatial frequency) domain preclude the recovery of those spatial frequencies. Here, we describe the problem and provide a solution in the form of slice profiles without zero crossings in $$$k_Z$$$-space. |
| 2424 | Computer 126
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90 min in 12 min? Accurate Surface Reconstruction from Short Ultra-High (0.5mm iso) Resolution T1-Weighted Image |
1McGill Vision Research Unit, Research Institute - Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada, McGill, Montréal, QC, Canada, 2Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States |
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Gray matter (GM) thickness is a marker of injury and is detected using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Even though it possible to acquire images that |
| 2425 | Computer 127
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Compressed Sensing Velocity Encoded Phase Contrast Imaging: Monitoring Skeletal Muscle kinematics |
1Physics, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 2Physics, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States, 3Radiology, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States |
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Velocity Encoded Phase Contrast (VE-PC) imaging is an established technique for monitoring muscle kinematics. Dynamic studies require consistent repeated execution of motion paradigms to map skeletal motion. The high number of repeated contractions limits studies to low % maximum voluntary contraction and limits participation of cohorts with compromised muscle function. We explore combining multi-coil data with compressed sensing and reconstruction to reduce acquisition times. VE-PC images acquired with different compressed sensing factors are assessed for accuracy of velocities and strain rate tensor during isometric contractions. Our results show that CS undersampling by 4 yields accurate velocity and strain tensor values. |
| 2426 | Computer 128
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A GPU-based Modified Conjugate Gradient Method for Accelerating Wave-CAIPI Reconstruction |
1Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 2Department of Computer Science and Technology Engineering, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, TX, United States |
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Wave-CAIPI is a novel 3D imaging method with corkscrew trajectory in k-space to speed up MRI acquisition. However, the 3D data acquisitions of Wave-CAIPI are also tremendous for reconstruction calculations. In order to accelerate the reconstruction procedure, we realized a Wave-CAIPI reconstruction using a modified GPU-based conjugate gradient (CG) algorithm to reduce time cost of reconstructions. The experiments of in vivo human brain dataset show that using our GPU-based Wave-CAIPI reconstruction can achieve similar image results as the conventional CPU-based Wave-CAIPI reconstruction with less time cost than the conventional CPU-based Wave-CAIPI reconstruction. |
| 2427 | Computer 129
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Spatial-Temporal Super-Resolution Technique on Complex-Valued T2*-Weighted Dynamic MRI |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, BIO5 institute, Tucson, AZ, United States |
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We present an approach for improving spatial and temporal resolution of complex-valued T2*-weighted dynamic MRI. Compared with traditional magnitude-valued spatial super-resolution method, our technique can better recover signal loss caused by the susceptibility dephasing effect. We propose that phase information can be utilized in spatial super-resolution to reduce the dephasing artifact. The feasibility of temporal super-resolution using complex-valued data is also separately evaluated for time-signal variation recovery. One limitation of our temporal super-resolution approach, which will be addressed in our future work, is the presence of leakage artifacts in the recovered time-signal due to linear interpolation bias. |
| 2428 | Computer 130
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Robust 3D UTE T2* Mapping in MSK Using Fractional Order Bloch Equation |
1Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 2Medical informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands |
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Determination of the T2* relaxation times with biexponential and monoexponential models has limitations, especially in case of complex, heterogeneous materials1. Using fractional order fitting model we can overcome these limitations8,9. In this model the introduced α parameter is the measure of the deviation from the monoexponential decay, and it accounts for micro-structural complexity. To evaluate the fractional order fitting, it was performed in patella tendon from UTE measurements, and we could demonstrate that compared to biexponential and monoexponential models it is less sensitive to variations to SNR. |
| 2429 | Computer 131
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Native Space Outlier Rejection (NaSOR) for Arterial Spin Labelling |
1Analysis, Invicro LLC, London, United Kingdom, 2MRI, Invicro LLC, London, United Kingdom |
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ASL suffers from relatively low signal-to-noise, so data cleaning strategies are required to optimise its utility. A previous method for outlier rejection of 2D-PASL data required time-consuming spatial normalization to standard space, degrading the original ASL data, and was limited to single inversion-time (TI) 2D-PASL. We therefore developed two native-space processing workflows, termed Native Space Outlier Rejection (NaSOR) and Native Space Perfusion-weighted Outlier Rejection (NaSPOR). The two native-space workflows performed comparably to an implementation of the previous standard-space method, in terms of both percentage of outliers rejected and coefficients of variation (CV) for test-retest CBF values, suggesting clinical utility. |
| 2430 | Computer 132
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Verification and Validation of Merging Patient-Specific Computational Fluid Dynamics and 4D-Flow MRI |
1Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 3University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 4New York Institute of Technology, Long Island, NY, United States, 5Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 6Research Campus STIMULATE, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany |
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In this work, we present the result of verification and validation of our previously developed method that enabled merging of patient-specific Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and 4D-Flow MRI using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) to address limitations of both modalities. A constant fluid flow boundary condition was applied on a transparent in vitro aneurysm phantom geometry and the volumetric velocity field was scanned using 4D-Flow MRI, and tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry (tPIV). The latter has much higher spatial resolution and can be used to verify the accuracy of the results of merging CFD and volumetric 4D-Flow MRI. Results show that the POD-based merging algorithm enables reconstruction of fine flow details not seen in 4D-Flow MRI due to limited spatial resolution. |
| 2431 | Computer 133
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Single-lung dynamics assessed using XD-GRASP MRI and automatic segmentation |
1Department of Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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MRI is an attractive modality for monitoring dynamic lung function since it does not expose patients to ionizing radiation. In this study, a method to automatically segment the right and left lungs using XD-GRASP MRI was developed. The accuracy of our segmentation algorithm was assessed by comparing the automated segmentation results to manual segmentations outlined by expert observers. Excellent agreement was seen between the automated technique and the ground truth, suggesting clinical applicability of the method. |
| 2432 | Computer 134
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Intra-Session, Intra-Day and Inter-Day Reproducibility of MRI Image Quality Metrics in a Controlled Scan Setup |
1Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS 5), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Medical Image Analysis Center (MIAC), Basel, Switzerland, 5Department of Biomedical Engineering (DBE), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 6Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 7Department of Neurology, DKD Helios Klinik, Wiesbaden, Germany |
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Image quality plays a vital role in automated pipelines for medical image processing. Automated tools have thus been developed to detect low-quality images and ensure reliability of downstream results. These tools, however, often rely on image processing algorithms that can be sensitive to certain image features. In this study, we investigate the reproducibility of image quality measures provided by the open source image quality control tool MRIQC with respect to different scan setups. Results show that the reproducibility of some IQ measures is linked to the variation in the scan setup while for others it is less dependent on it. |
| 2433 | Computer 135
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GPU Based Parallel Framework for the Estimation of Receiver Coil Sensitivities in SENSE Reconstruction |
1Electrical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan, 2National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan |
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The estimation of receiver coil sensitivity information is important for SENSE (Sensitivity Encoding) reconstruction. Inaccurate sensitivity profiles degrade the reconstructed image quality. However, the methods to estimate the receiver coils sensitivity information are computationally intensive. This work proposes a parallel framework (for GPU implementation) for a recently proposed method of sensitivity estimation (which uses Eigen value decomposition of the multi coil low resolution images). The results show that the proposed method provides a 3.5x speed in our experiments while maintaining the reconstructed image quality. |
| 2434 | Computer 136
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A novel feature based image reconstruction for neuro-interventional MRI |
1Biomedeical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, 2KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, 3Functional Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, 4Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States |
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Interventional MRI (I-MRI) provides exceptional advantages to other imaging modalities in image-guided neurosurgery. However, real-time imaging presents great challenges for temporal/spatial resolution, image contrast, and SNR. We presented a novel feature based image reconstruction algorithm using golden-angle sampling and compressed sensing. Images were decomposed into the reference part and the novel feature reflecting the interventional process. Experiments of using porcine brain for biopsy showed the proposed method had better performance in terms of SNR and computational time. It demonstrated that the proposed method have potentials in applications of MR-guided intervention such as image-guided epilepsy treatment. |
| 2435 | Computer 137
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Efficient Motion-Corrected, Model-Driven Reconstruction for Simultaneous Multi-Contrast MPnRAGE |
1University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States |
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A model-based denoising algorithm is developed for efficient reconstruction of a large number of images with different T1 contrasts using MPnRAGE. The method takes only 50% the time of a single iteration of traditional constrained reconstruction methods. |
| 2436 | Computer 138
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High performance GPU enabled GRAPPA reconstruction using CUDA |
1Electrical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan |
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GRAPPA is a parallel MRI technique that enables accelerated data acquisition using multi-channel receiver coils. However, processing a large data limits the performance of GRAPPA in terms of reconstruction time. This work presents a new GPU-enabled-GRAPPA reconstruction method using optimized CUDA kernels, where multiple threads simultaneously communicate and cooperate to perform: (i) parallel fittings of GRAPPA kernel on auto-calibration signals; (ii) parallel estimations of reconstruction coefficients; (iii) parallel interpolations in under-sampled k-space. In-vivo results of 8-channel, 1.5T human head dataset show that the proposed method speeds up the GRAPPA reconstruction time up to 15x without compromising the image quality. |
| 2437 | Computer 139
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Self-Calibrated GRAPPA Operator Gridding (SC-GROG) for radially encoded Multi-Slice (SMS) Imaging |
1ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, COMSATS UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD, ISLAMABAD, Pakistan, 2COMSATS UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD, ISLAMABAD, Pakistan |
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This work proposes a novel approach using Self-calibrating GRAPPA operator gridding (SC-GROG) for radially encoded simultaneous multi-slice imaging (SMS). The proposed method is implemented by combining non-Cartesian (NC) under-sampling (radial) with CAIPRINHA phase manipulation to accelerate data acquisition in SMS. Radial datasets are gridded using SC-GROG and reconstructed iteratively using Projection onto convex sets (POCS) algorithm. The results are compared with conventional NUFFT with POCS at increasing accelerations factors and quantified in terms of SSIM, PSNR and Artifact Power. It can be inferred from the results that the proposed method produces accurate reconstructions of SMS datasets. |
| 2438 | Computer 140
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Rapid Abdominal Imaging Using Highly Accelerated Projection Imaging (HAPI |
1Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Center for Imaging Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Our group recently reported a new fast radial imaging method called Highly Accelerated Projection Imaging (HAPI) with coil sensitivity encoding. We demonstrated that radial projections acquired at specific angles and at high resolution resulted in a well-conditioned matrix equation. In the previous work, the performance of HAPI was demonstrated with simulations and a simple phantom scan using an 8-channel receive array. In the study presented here, the HAPI method was tested in vivo with volunteers. |
| 2439 | Computer 141
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Sparse-SENSE Reconstruction of GROG gridded Radial MRI |
1Electrical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan |
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Under-sampled non-Cartesian trajectories play a vital role in accelerating MRI scan time; however, the solution image may have aliasing artifacts. In this work, a GROG gridding based Sparse-SENSE reconstruction is presented to get the solution image from the non-Cartesian under-sampled radial MR data. The proposed method is tested on 1.5T human head data at different acceleration factors (i.e. 4, 6 and 9) and compared with pseudo-Cartesian GRAPPA scheme. The results show that the proposed method provides significant improvement (e.g. 87% improvement in AP at AF=4) in the reconstructed images as compared to conventional pseudo-Cartesian GRAPPA reconstruction. |
| 2440 | Computer 142
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A novel reconstruction method using regional constraints, designed for the dual-band EPI scanned with four-channel receiver coil elements |
1National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Suita, Japan, 2Department of Structural Bioimaging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan |
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A novel reconstruction method was proposed for dual-band EPI in an MRI system equipped with four-channel receiver coils. This method was based on a conventional kernel method utilizing an iterative calculation with regional constraints in the image domain. The method significantly improves the quality of the reconstructed images, even in the regions with less coil sensitivity. The results showed higher signal-to-noise ratio, less signal leakage, and better long-term stability in repetitions in comparison to the conventional method. The proposed method can be applied to clinical systems that have relatively few receiver coils, as well as animal systems. |
| 2441 | Computer 143
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Rapid Parallel MRI with Convolution-based Reconstruction (CORE) and Deblurring by Compressed Sensing |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, 2Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands |
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Methods combining Compressed Sensing (CS) and Parallel MRI (PI) for accelerated MRI have shown great promise, yet they are commonly hindered by heavy iterative computations. This work introduces the novel CORE-Deblur method for accelerated MRI, which integrates CS and PI and offers fast computations with very few iterations. CORE-Deblur utilizes the recently introduced CORE-PI technique and introduces the novel concept of using CS for image deblurring. Experiments with in-vivo data show that for highly subsampled k-space (R=5) CORE-Deblur reduces the number of CS iterations by 10-fold (from 95 to about 5-7) and improves the reconstruction accuracy by 5%-8%. |
| 2442 | Computer 144
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Navigated Steady-State Free Precession with Water-Excitation for Real-Time Cardiac Imaging at 3 Tesla |
1Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 2Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China, 3Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States |
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Real-time imaging offers the opportunity to be performed without the need for ECG synchronization and breath holding while requiring good contrast and high spatiotemporal resolution to resolve the myocardium dynamics. We propose a novel method employing bSSFP acquisition with partial separable model for high quality real-time cardiac imaging. For acquisition, the new method interleaves a self balanced spiral-in and spiral-out navigator with Cartesian acquisition for temporal basis estimation. A (1-1) binomial water excitation pulse is adopted to suppress lipid signal and achieve steady-state of the water. For reconstruction, the new method exploits the partial separable model with "soft" SENSE and sparsity constraints. In vivo experiments have been conducted and results show that the proposed method is able to produce high quality dynamic cardiac images. |
| 2443 | Computer 145
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A localized reconstruction method for parallel imaging in MRI |
1School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of, 2School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States |
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Conventional parallel imaging methods reconstruct MR images from subsampled data, which utilizes spatial sensitivity information of multi-channel RF coil. In this study, localization of receiving coil sensitivity along readout direction (x) is introduced to efficiently utilize the coil sensitivity for parallel imaging. In the x-ky space, localization window is applied for estimation of missing data. Sensitivity localization in the readout direction makes near channels more weighted than distant channels for calculating estimation kernel. The proposed reconstruction method for parallel imaging considers the correlation between spatial sensitivities along the readout direction of receiving channels and region to be reconstructed. |
| 2444 | Computer 146
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Robust Cardiac and Respiratory Self-Gating Using an Adapted Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA-FARI): Application to Simultaneous-Multi-Slice Imaging |
1Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, 2Partner site Göttingen, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Göttingen, Germany |
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In cardiac MRI we have to deal with both cardiac and respiratory motion. Nowadays, breath holds and the use of external devices such as ECG are clinical practice to deal with this motion. However, not all patients can hold their breath and external devices are error-prone. Therefore, self-gating techniques have been developed to extract the respiration and cardiac signal from the k-space data itself. Many of those require various pre- and post-processing steps like filtering or averaging and lack robustness. Here, we present a novel and robust, yet easy to implement self-gating approach based on Singular Spectrum Analysis. |
| 2445 | Computer 147
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Joint Iterative Image Reconstruction and Field Map Estimation In Low Field MRI |
1C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 2Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands, 3Philips Research Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, 4Circuits and Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands |
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Inaccuracies and temporal fluctuations in field map measurements form a major problem in image reconstruction for permanent magnet based low field MRI systems. These inaccuracies can potentially be corrected by using a joint image reconstruction and field map estimation algorithm. Simulation results show improved image quality when using a new updating scheme compared to standard iterative reconstructions. |
| 2446 | Computer 148
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Nonlocal multispectral MRI upsampling for enhanced quality of high-resolution imaging reconstruction |
1National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, United States |
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High-resolution (HR) image reconstruction, or upsampling, is used widely in MRI post-processing analyses including image segmentation and registration. The nonlocal means (NLM) upsampling approach is simple to implement and has demonstrated excellent performance for HR image reconstruction from low-resolution images. Here, we extend this to incorporate multispectral (MS) data sets in which multiple images are acquired over a variable acquisition parameter. Further, we show that the use of our recently introduced nonlocal estimation of multispectral magnitudes filter for upsampling further enhances the quality of the reconstructed HR images as compared with use of the NLM filter or its MS version. |
| 2447 | Computer 149
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A Partial-Fourier Method Recovering Signal Loss from Off-resonance |
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Functional MRI (fMRI) can have signal dropout due to off-resonance at susceptibility interfaces between air and tissue. Partial Fourier reconstruction is used for fMRI since it reduces scan time, however, existing partial Fourier reconstruction is vulnerable to off-resonance. In a previous study, we introduced a new partial Fourier reconstruction (even/odd (E/O)) and showed the new method was more robust to off-resonance compared to homodyne through simulation from fully sampled data. In this study, we acquired subsampled hypercapnia task fMRI data using both homodyne and E/O and showed there is less signal dropout and higher activation with E/O. |
| 2448 | Computer 150
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A fully automated method for concealing patient identity in 3D multi-contrast brain MR images |
1Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China |
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In addition to personally identifying information (PII) commonly found in metadata of medical images, superficial anatomical features contained in 3D brain MR images pose a unique challenge to medical privacy, and this place a serious obstacle for data sharing in large-scale collaborative efforts. A fully automated method for concealing patient identity in 3D multi-contrast brain MR images is presented. The proposed method is training-free and can be applied to automatically conceal patient’s identity information in the 3D brain MR images, which makes this approach particularly useful for handling brain MR images in large neuroimaging databases. |
| 2449 | Computer 151
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Image fusion of multiple independent MRI brain slabs to cover a whole Dugong brain in a small-bore, high-field pre-clinical scanner |
1Biological Resources Imaging Laboratory, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, 2Department of Anatomy, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia |
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This study we report about MRI of a fixed Dugong brain in a small bore pre-clinical MRI scanner. To enable the scanning of the brain that exceeds the sensitive scanner dimensions we propose a multi-slab imaging approach that uses an optimized image post-processing pipeline to merge independent slabs into a continuous high-resolution high-contrast 3D volume. We demonstrate that using this imaging and post-processing approach it is feasible to investigate relatively large objects in a pre-clinical scanner and retain full 3D information with the full benefit from the superior high resolution imaging capabilities of a high field pre-clinical scanner. |
| 2450 | Computer 152
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Integrated image-space and Fourier-space analyses for unwrapping phase images of low signal-to-noise ratio |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 2Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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We report a new post-processing procedure that integrates image-space and Fourier-space data analyses to improve the accuracy and reliability of phase unwrapping for MRI data of low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Our data demonstrate that the new phase-unwrapping method outperforms the conventional procedures in critical brain regions (e.g., near the air-tissue interfaces), and should prove valuable for studies that require accurate measurements of MRI phase values, such as quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), B0 field mapping, and temperature mapping. |
| 2451 | Computer 153
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Bayesian Hierarchical Modelling for Analyzing Neuroimaging Results |
1Neuroscience and Mental Health, The Hospital For Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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The most common analysis of structural brain MRIs involves massively univariate modelling. Such analyses separately approach different levels of resolution (whole brain, regional, and voxel) and do not provide an easy solution to understanding whether some areas of the brain are more or less affected than others. Here we explore applying hierarchical bayesian modelling to simultaneously analyze brain MRI studies at multiple levels of resolution while allowing for the explicit interrogation of whether brain areas are differentially affected. In addition, we show that hierarchical modelling provides improved parameter recapture, sign error rate, and model fit. |
| 2452 | Computer 154
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TemplateFlow: Standardizing standard 3D spaces in neuroimaging |
1Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 3Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States, 4Massachusetts Institute of Technology: MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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New community templates are generated to improve the resolution of data, to offer better alignment of brain structures across individuals incorporated into the template, and to ensure a better correspondence between the study cohort and the template. The resource is modular, thereby allowing researchers to easily use templates "off-the-shelf" or add new templates to the repository. Spatial mappings are distributed with the templates to allow transferring brain landmarks, masks, surfaces, |
| 2453 | Computer 155
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SEGUE Unwraps MRI Phase Images Acquired in Mouse Brains at 9.4 Tesla Faster than PRELUDE |
1Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom |
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MRI phase images are increasingly used for Susceptibility Mapping or distortion correction. Spatial phase unwrapping is crucial but challenging: the computation time of PRELUDE, the current gold-standard method for robust, 3D unwrapping, increases rapidly with higher field strengths and longer echo times. A new method we have developed, SEGUE, produces similar results to PRELUDE in multi-echo brain and head-and-neck images, 1.6 to 83 times faster, but SEGUE has not been tested in pre-clinical high-field-strength phase images. Here, we show that SEGUE is similarly accurate and up to 4 times faster than PRELUDE in mouse brain images at 9.4 Tesla. |
| 2454 | Computer 156
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Automated perfusion lesion delineation in stroke: comparison with experts and alternative automated strategies |
1Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2International Graduate Program Medical Neurosciences, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 3Berlin School of Mind & Brain, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 4Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany |
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This study aimed to validate an in-house script that detects perfusion lesions in dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance images of acute stroke patients and compare its performance with commercially available software. Perfusion lesions were estimated from time-to-maximum and mean transit time maps of 94 stroke patients using our algorithm, Perfscape/Neuroscape, PMA, and Stroketool. These automatically delineated lesions were volumetrically and spatially compared with those delineated by a trained expert. Our algorithm performs comparably to other programs on the market and overestimates lesion volumes to a lesser extent; however, it is currently limited by its reliance on manual input. |
| 2455 | Computer 157
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Knowledge-based definition of morphological alterations in brain MRI through the angle-based thresholding approach |
1The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Center for Imaging Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3for the Pediatric Imaging, Neurocognition and Genetic study, multiple cities and states, CA, United States |
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An automated method to detect brain morphological alterations was developed, which was designed for clinical pediatric brain MRIs with heterogeneous clinical conditions. Numerous image-feature-recognition algorithms have successfully defined abnormalities related to specific diseases, but there has been little research into a method that could identify a wide-range of radiological findings that could vary depending on the type and severity of different pathologies. A proposed approach—structural image parcellation followed by an angle-based outlier detection (ABOD) algorithm—could identify mild morphological alterations with high sensitivity and excellent specificity, when applied to clinical pediatric brain MRIs. |
| 2456 | Computer 158
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Scanner Variability of MR Based Radiomics Features |
1Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States |
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This work utilizes an MR phantom to determine the repeatability, quartile coefficient of dispersion and potential efficacy of textural parameters calculated from gray level co-occurrence matrices, run length matrices, size zone matrices and neighborhood gray tone difference matrices. Images were obtained at 3 different field strengths, across 3 different manufacturers. Parameters based on gray level co-occurrence matrices showed excellent repeatability and low dispersion, whilst still demonstrating excellent discrimination between contrasting regions of interest. |
| 2457 | Computer 159
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Segmenting Brain Metastases Using Deep Learning on Multi-Modal MRI |
1Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Department for Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, oslo, Norway, 3Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Detecting and segmenting brain metastases is a tedious and time-consuming task for many radiologists, particularly with the growing use of multi-modal 3D imaging. Using deep learning to learn from the comprehensive pixel-wise labeled MRI-data, this work aims to train a fully convolution neural network for automatic detection and segmentation of brain metastases using multi-modal MRI. By training and testing on over 100 and 50 patients, respectively, including a variety of size and number of brain metastases from several primary cancers, this work provides a comprehensive investigation on the value and potential use of machine learning in a clinically relevant setting. |
| 2458 | Computer 160
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Signal Enhancement and Optimum Receiver Arrays For Human Hyperpolarized 13C MR Spectroscopic Imaging |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Berkeley Institute for Data Science, Berkeley, CA, United States, 4GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL, United States |
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A data-driven processing framework was proposed for dynamic hyperpolarized 13C-MR Spectroscopic Imaging to maximally extract diagnostic information from existing datasets and techniques that utilized whitened-SVD2 to optimally combine array data, and tensor-low-rank denoising3,4 to enhance SNR. The framework was applied and evaluated on brain, abdomen, and pelvic datasets acquired using multi-channel arrays or single-element receivers. Substantial improvement in quality of low-SNR lactate and alanine was observed with 30+ fold apparent SNR gain, whereas high-SNR pyruvate remained largely artifact-free. Correlation of high kPL with biopsy-confirmed cancer strongly indicated that this recovered important pathological information. |
| 2459 | Computer 161
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Reduction of Gibbs artifacts with the Domain Decomposition Fourier Continuation Method |
1Department of Mathematics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States, 2Department of Data Science, Ajou University, Yeongtung-gu, Korea, Republic of, 3Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States, 4Center for Biomedical Imaging, Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States |
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Magnetic Resonance (MR) images are obtained from the measured k-space Fourier coefficients. Due to acquisition time limitations and noise typically only a limited part of the k-space is acquired, resulting in Gibbs ringing on the images. We propose an efficient and accurate local reconstruction method that removes the Gibbs ringing and yields sharp image profiles near local edges. |
| 2460 | Computer 162
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Association of geometric features with genetic markers in glioblastoma multiforme |
1Graduate Program in Medical Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States, 4MedIx REU Program, Depaul University, Chicago, IL, United States, 5Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 6Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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A data analysis pipeline was developed to study relationships between geometric imaging features and the underlying tumor phenotype. This pipeline was run on the tumors of 203 patients clinically diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme. For each tumor, the tumor bulk and percent non-enhancing volume was calculated, along with the surface regularity of any tumor with a 3D T1-weighted post-contrast MR scan. These features were compared to the expression of P53 and Ki67 sampled from these tumors. Although there were significant differences between multiple features for both genes, only the surface regularity was a significant predictor of Ki-67 proliferative index. |
| 2461 | Computer 163
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Spherical harmonics coefficients estimation using deep neural network |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Vascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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Diffusion-weighted imaging can be used to detect orientations of fibers to study human brain connectivity using tractography techniques. Spherical deconvolution based techniques have been widely used for the estimation of fiber orientation distribution (FOD), in which FODs are represented using spherical harmonics coefficients. However, high quality FOD estimation still requires large number of measurements. In this study, a deep neural network based method is proposed to estimate high quality FODs using highly q-space undersampled measurements thus to improve the acquisition efficiency. |
| 2462 | Computer 164
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A Simple Fully Automated Method for Skull-Stripping Quality Control in Brain MR Image Processing Pipelines Evaluated Using Multicenter Data |
1Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS 5), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Biogen, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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Automated brain segmentation approaches are increasingly being used for decision support in routine clinical settings. While segmentation may be considered a “solved problem” in research, it is still challenging to assure reliable performance of automated tools in clinical settings, which is a crucial requirement for diagnostic tools. To ensure correct results, automated quality control procedures are of vital importance, but they are often difficult to implement or time-consuming to run. We propose a simple and fast fully automated method to detect segmentation errors, and we evaluate its performance to detect skull-stripping-errors using results of two different brain segmentation algorithms on a large multicenter dataset. Results show that the method is able to detect skull-stripping-errors with high specificity. |
| 2463 | Computer 165
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A brain extraction algorithm for infant T2-weighted images based on the fuzzy c-means thresholding |
1Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea, Republic of, 2College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea, Republic of |
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Brain extraction is an important step in image processing for research and diagnostic assessments using brain MR images. In this work, we proposed a brain extraction algorithm optimized for both 2D and 3D infant T2-weighted images based on the fuzzy c-means thresholding and spatial information of the neighboring slices. Quantitative analysis using the dice ratio was performed to compare the results of brain extraction using the proposed method, BET, iBEAT, and |
| 2464 | Computer 166
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A 3D Fully Convolutional Network with various input dimension for brain extraction in MRI |
1Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2Cornell University, New York, NY, United States |
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A 3D Fully Convolutional Network is proposed using cascade architecture and combining two different channels to overcome the low accuracy of traditional methods. The network is applied to do the brain extraction. |
| 2465 | Computer 167
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Are Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) the Most Appropriate Metrics for Assessment of MR Image Quality? |
1Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, 2Biomedical Translational Imaging Centre (BIOTIC), Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada, 3Diagnostic Radiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada |
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Quantifying MR image quality is important for the evaluation of new image acquisition and reconstruction techniques. Automated objective image quality metrics (IQMs) such as root mean squared error (RMSE) and the structural similarity index (SSIM) are commonly used surrogates for radiologists’ perception of image quality, which can be considered the gold standard. By calculating the correlation between radiologists’ subjective grading and various IQM scores on degraded MR images, we demonstrate that RMSE and SSIM do not correlate as well as other IQMs and are potentially not the most appropriate metrics for assessment of MR image quality. |
| 2466 | Computer 168
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Signal intensity form of Tofts model for quantitative analysis of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI data |
1Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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The Tofts pharmacokinetic model requires contrast agent concentration as function of time (C(t)), which is normally calculated using the non-linear model that could contribute some errors. Here, we present signal intensity (S(t)) form of standard Tofts pharmacokinetic model without calculating C(t). Human prostate DCE-MRI data were analyzed to compare physiological parameters calculated from the Tofts model using S(t) and C(t). The Ktrans and ve calculated from S(t) were correlated strongly with the values calculated from C(t). Bland–Altman analysis showed moderate to good agreement between for the Ktrans and ve calculated from Tofts model with S(t) and C(t). |
| 2467 | Computer 169
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Test-retest reliability of resting-state brain small-world network properties across different data processing and modeling strategies |
1University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, 2University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Resting-state fMRI assessed with graph theoretical modeling provides a noninvasive approach for measuring brain network topological organization properties, yet their reproducibility remains uncertain. Here we examined the test-retest reliability of seven brain small-world network metrics from well-controlled resting-state scans of 16 healthy adults using different data processing and modeling strategies. Among the seven network metrics, Lambda exhibited highest reliability whereas Sigma performed the worst. Weighted network metrics provided better reliability than binary network metrics, while reliability from the AAL90 atlas outweighed those from the Power264 parcellation. Global signal regression had no consistent effect on reliability of these network metrics. |
| 2468 | Computer 170
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Development of a Quantitative Assessment tool for Peripheral Artery Feature Extraction (pCafe) |
1University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand |
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Peripheral artery disease is a relatively common disease, normally caused by reduced blood flow to the limbs due to atherosclerosis in the arteries supplying them. Peripheral arteries’ anatomy, including collateral circulation, and flow information enable disease status assessment. We developed pCafe to semi-automatically trace peripheral arteries from 3D magnetic resonance angiography and measure both morphometry (anatomy) and intensity features (velocity). pCafe was validated on subjects with, and without peripheral artery occlusion, showing excellent agreement with human reviewer’s measurement (intra-class coefficient of 0.998). pCafe may be a useful tool to quantitatively characterize peripheral vascular structures in peripheral artery disease research. |
| 2469 | Computer 171
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Simultaneous Voxel-based Magnetic Susceptibility and Morphometry Analysis in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease |
1Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan, 2Department of Neurology, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan, 3Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan, 4Department of Radiology, Toyokawa City Hospital, Yoyohashi, Japan |
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This abstract introduces an analysis pipeline of voxel-based magnetic susceptibility and morphometry (VBMSM) on single MR scan. To validate the proposed pipeline, we conducted VBMSM in control and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) groups. VBM was performed using the magnitude image. The susceptibility map was estimated by new dipole inversion utilized segmentation result. For whole brain susceptibility comparison, the susceptibility map was spatially normalized by the same transformation parameter for VBM. Significant susceptibility increases could be detected in regions associated withβ-amyloid deposition in AD. Brain atrophy also could be detected in AD. VBMSM is adaptable to neurodegenerative diseases including AD. |
| 2470 | Computer 172
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Automated cloud-based workflow for quantification of MRI signal intensity – initial real-world clinical validation |
1QMENTA Inc., Barcelona, Spain, 2Bayer Radiology, Whippany, NJ, United States, 3Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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One-third of the brain MRI scans performed worldwide make use of contrast agent injections to enable hyperintensities detection. The long-term consequences of these contrasts can be dangerous to patients and the standard procedure to measure contrast deposition is manual, labor-intensive and time-consuming. We present a fully automatic workflow which accelerates the investigation of contrast agent depositions by extracting the T1-weighted modal intensity value and applies appropriate corrections and normalizations to allow comparison across acquisitions and protocols. Automatic results matched up to 94% correlation with manual results and reduced the time by 90%. |
| 2471 | Computer 173
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Accurate Prenatal Diagnosis of Cleft Palate Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging with 3D Super-resolution Reconstruction |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 2Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, China, 3The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 4Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China |
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The routine clinical technique for prenatal diagnosis of cleft palate (CP) is ultrasound (US). However, the technique has difficulties on definitive diagnosis of fetal CP especially cleft posterior palate because of its technical limitations. Previous studies have demonstrated that magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can be a useful adjunct to the diagnosis of fetal CP and provides better diagnosis performance than US. However, these studies are mainly based on 2D MR imaging which has limited resolution along slice selective direction and cannot freely visualize the fetal palate from any orientation. To address this issue, we sought to use a 3D super-resolution reconstruction method to reconstruct 3D isotropic volumetric images from 2D images stacks and evaluate its feasibility of CP diagnosis. |
| 2472 | Computer 174
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Analysis of Coil Combination for bSSFP Elliptical Signal Model |
1Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States, 2Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States, 3Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom |
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The elliptical model method for removing residual banding in balanced steady state free precession images requires accurate phase information to operate. Most datasets have separate data for each coil channel with different sensitivity, requiring combination either before or after processing using the elliptical model to eliminate differences in coil sensitivity. We demonstrate that the order in which these steps are taken matters, requiring coil combination after processing with the elliptical model depending on the method. |
| 2473 | Computer 175
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Comparison of Spatial Interpolation and Inpainting Methods for Estimation of Bad Fittings in Chemical Shift Imaging Data |
1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States |
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Chemical Shift Imaging (CSI) allows for the quantification of brain metabolite concentrations across multiple voxels/slices. However, issues with model fit (e.g., suboptimal standard deviation, line width/full width at half-maximum, and/or signal-to-noise ratio) can result in the significant loss of usable voxels. Here, we show that an image restoration method called “inpainting” can be successfully used to restore poorly fitted CSI voxels. This method exhibits superior performance (lowest root-mean-square errors) compared to more traditional methods. Inpainting and similar techniques can prove particularly useful as a means of minimizing voxel loss in group voxelwise analyses in standard space. |
| 2474 | Computer 1
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Feasibility of 7T 31P MRSI in lung tumors |
1Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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In this study we show the feasibility of 31P MRSI acquisition from a lung carcinoma tumor in a patient using a 31P whole body birdcage coil at 7T. We showed that even without B0 shimming, 31P spectra could be aligned and averaged to differentiate several metabolites, related to membrane metabolism, in the lung tumor. 31P MRSI has great potential for the detection of therapy response in lung tumor cancer, as often the tumor is still relatively large to obtain sufficient spectral signal. |
| 2475 | Computer 2
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Reducing Signal Spreading with Non-Cartesian Encoding Methods for abdominal 31P 3D-MRSI with Focus on the Gallbladder |
1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2High-field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 3Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 4Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria |
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This study focuses on 31P 3D MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of the gallbladder and the reduction of voxel bleeding by Non-Cartesian encoded data sampling. Our results demonstrate on a phantom that the contamination due to point-spread-function (PSF) can be decreased compared to conventional Cartesian phase encoding. Qualitative improvements were investigated by metabolic mapping of biliary phosphatidylcholine (PtdC) originating from the gallbladder. |
| 2476 | Computer 3
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Comparison of Reconstruction Methods for Compressed Sensing phosphorus 31P-MRSI |
1School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 2Imaging Research Center, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 3Electrical and Computing Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada |
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Phosphorus MR spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging (31P-MRS/MRSI) provide information about energy metabolism, membrane degradation and pH in vivo. However, these methods are not often used primarily because of excessive scan time. Recently, compressed sensing has awakened interest as an acceleration method for MR signal acquisition. In this work we present a 31P-MRSI sequence that combines a flyback-EPSI trajectory with compressed sensing, and we compared two reconstruction methods, conjugate gradient L1-norm minimization and low-rank Hankel matrix completion. Overall, our results showed good preservation of spectral quality for low acceleration factors and an improved performance with the low-rank approach. |
| 2477 | Computer 4
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31P MRSI of the human brain at 9.4 T: Metabolic imaging applying low-rank denoising |
1High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany, 2IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, 3Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany |
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31P MRSI enables the imaging of important components of the energy and cell membrane metabolism but suffers from low intrinsic sensitivity. In this work, we tested the LORA and CLORA low-rank noise reduction approaches to improve the quality of 3D 31P MRSI data and present first in vivo results for 31P MRSI acquired from the human brain at ultrahigh field strength of 9.4 T. |
| 2478 | Computer 5
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Accelerating High-Resolution Semi-LASER 1H-MRSI Using SPICE |
1Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Most of the current 1H-MRSI techniques have several major practical limitations, including long data acquisition time, low spatial resolution and poor SNR. To overcome these limitations, we accelerate the semi-LASER technique by incorporating subspace modeling. With this improvement, semi-LASER is cable of achieving 1.9×1.6 mm2 resolution in a 1.5 minutes scan, which is a significant improvement over the conventional semi-LASER. This imaging capability has been validated with in vivo experiments, and it may significantly enhance the practical utility of 1H-MRSI. |
| 2479 | Computer 6
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Non-Water suppressed High-Resolution 1H-MRSI of the Brain Using Short-TE SPICE with semi-LASER Concentric Ring Trajectory Acquisition |
1School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 2Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 3Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States, 4Department of Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 56Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 6Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States, 7Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States |
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Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is an appealing technique in both research and clinical settings. However, the utility of MRSI has been hampered by long acquisition times and artifacts caused by lipid contamination and poor water suppression. Recent advances in MRSI acquisition and preprocessing, like concentric rings (CRT) trajectories and SPICE (SPectroscopic Imaging by exploiting spatiospectral CorrElation) (REF3), have overcome some of these issues. This work reports our success in integrating SPICE with CRT acquisitions to address the challenges of sensitivity, spectral quality, speed, and spatial resolution. |
| 2480 | Computer 7
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Parallel Imaging for Concentric Circle Readouts with GRAPPA Reconstruction for Full-Brain 3D-FID-MRSI at 7T |
1Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2Department of Radiology, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria |
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Non-Cartesian sampling methods for MRSI such as concentric ring trajectories (CRT) are highly suitable at field strenghts ≥7T while being SNR-efficient due to its self-rewinding property and low-pass k-space-weighting. However slewrate constraints enforce the CRT to sample the k-space periphery with 2-fold or 3-fold the time of the inner circles via more temporal interleaves (TI). The combination of variable density parallel imaging (PI) and CRT for MRSI allows high acceleration factors since the undesired but necessary variable TIs can be easily undersampled and allowing therefore higher accelerations in the k-Space periphery. |
| 2481 | Computer 8
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In vivo echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) at 7 tesla with readout segmentation for improved spectral bandwidth |
1Imaging Centre of Excellence, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, 2Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany, 3Glasgow Clinical Research Imaging Facility, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, Scotland |
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The use of echo-planar spectroscopic imaging at ultra-high field strengths is attractive due to its suitability for high spatial and spectral resolution (HiSS) acquisitions. The drawback of the method at 7T and above is the decreasing spectral bandwidth as field strength increases. This work seeks to decouple the spectral bandwidth from the spatial resolution by the use of readout segmentation to achieve shorter echo spacing. Readout segmented EPSI spectra collected in vivo at 7T and comparable to a standard SVS method are presented. This allowed the calculation of metabolite maps for NAA, creatine and choline. |
| 2482 | Computer 9
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Improved whole brain water suppression efficiency with four-pulse WET in echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) at 7 tesla |
1Imaging Centre of Excellence, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom |
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Water suppression in MR spectroscopic imaging can be sensitive to variations in B1 in the sample, such as are present at 7 tesla. This work compares two versions of the WET water suppression method, the standard 3-pulse method and the extended 4-pulse method which is expected to be less sensitive to B1 variation. It is found that the 4-pulse method provides a greater consistency of water suppression efficiency across a range of B1 in both phantoms and the brain at 7T. |
| 2483 | Computer 10
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Fast spectral imaging at 7T using COKE (COherent K-t-space Epsi) with a spatially selective IR pulse (achieved by controlling pTX coil phases) |
1Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel |
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In a recent study, we demonstrated the feasibility of the COKE (Coherent K-t-space EPSI) sequence at 3T MRI to halve acquisition time or double the spectral width (SW) compared to EPSI. In this study, we explored, on a phantom with mimicking brain properties, the benefits of COKE at 7T for fast spectroscopic imaging; using an SW of 2500Hz to better cover the metabolites' frequency range. We combined it with spatially selective inversion recovery (IR) using B1 phases optimization in 8-channels transmit coil to minimize the signal drop in the center and to optimize the IR in the lipid region. |
| 2484 | Computer 11
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MR-SASSI-Accelerated, B1-Insensitive, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging at 7T: first in vivo results |
1Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) is a signal-starved technique compared to conventional magnetic resonance imaging. At ultra-high fields, such as 7 Tesla the increased signal to noise permits the acquisition of improved spectra. Spatial localization performed the volume of interest is can be time consuming. We created a multi-region excitation pulse embedded within a B1-insensitive MRSI sequence and demonstrated its use in vivo to excite two distinct spectroscopic grids which are simultaneously acquired and disentangle using a low-resolution reference scan, thus accelerating the acquisition of MRSI data. |
| 2485 | Computer 12
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How does spatial resolution affect the spectral quality and quantification accuracy of whole-brain MRSI? A simulation study at 1.5T, 3T, 7T and 9.4T |
1Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2Department of Radiology, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands |
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The quality of MRSI data depends strongly on B0 inhomogeneities, which cause broadening of metabolite resonances and decrease signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). B0 inhomogeneity is more severe at higher B0 field, diminishing the expected SNR and spectral resolution improvements. We have created simulation models which allow us to investigate how the spectral quality and quantification accuracy of MRSI changes with increasing spatial resolution and B0 field strength, using experimentally acquired data from 1.5T, 3T, 7T, and 9.4T. These simulations show not only that accurate MRSI quantification generally benefits from smaller voxels, but it does so particularly at UHF. |
| 2486 | Computer 13
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Accelerated J-Resolved 1H-MRSI with Limited and Sparse Sampling of (k, tJ)-Space |
1School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 3Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, IL, United States, 4Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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J-resolved 1H-MRSI is a powerful tool for mapping brain molecules, especially those with large spectral overlaps (e.g., glutamate, glutamine |
| 2487 | Computer 14
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Detection of Choline, Glycine and Myo-inositol in Malignant Breast Cancer In-vivo Using Multi-dimensional Spectroscopic Imaging |
1Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Multi-parametric MR techniques have been used to diagnose and monitor the therapeutic outcome of cancer in the breast and other tissues and organs. One-dimensional MRSI has shown significantly elevated choline and higher water-to-fat ratio in malignant tumors as compared to healthy controls. Two-dimensional MRS resolves peaks along an additional spectral dimension which overcomes the overlap limitation of 1D MRSI, thereby providing more discriminatory information for developing non-invasive methods for cancer grade determination. This study presents the first application of an accelerated, echo-planar based technique that acquires correlated (2D) spectroscopy data for each voxel of 1.5ml resolution within a 3D volume (5D EP-COSI) in breast cancer. Our preliminary results in a pilot cohort of malignant and breast cancer patients demonstrate changes in unsaturated fatty acids and increased choline in malignant group compared to benign and healthy women. These pilot results indicate the potential application of the 5D EP-COSI technique which may be useful in improving the specificity of breast cancer. |
| 2488 | Computer 15
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High-Resolution T1 maps of Brain Metabolites |
1CIBM, Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, 2Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland |
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High-resolution T1 maps are measured over the whole human brain with proton FID-MRSI with incremental flip-angles. MRSI datasets with multiple flip-angles are reconstructed simultaneously through a low-rank-total generalized variation model and T1 values are determined by fit of the steady state magnetization with B1 inhomogeneity correction. Twofold compressed-sensing acceleration enables acquisition of a single flip-angle in 5 min and resulting in acquisition of 3 flip-angles in 15 min. Precise determination of T1 would enables an accurate correction of signal loss and might provide important information on brain micro-structure. |
| 2489 | Computer 16
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Comparison of ROI averaging and Spectral Localization by Imaging (SLIM) Using High Resolution 3D Echo Planar Spectroscopic Imaging (EPSI) |
1Hoglund Brain Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States, 2Department of Bioengineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States, 3Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States, 4Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States |
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Conventional spectroscopic imaging methods have limitations that make acquiring metabolic information for complexly-shaped brain regions a challenge. The following study compares two methods for acquiring the regional metabolic spectra for a complex compartment shape: spectral estimation via the spatial-averaging of voxels, and Spectral Localization by Imaging (SLIM). Both techniques used the original data sets acquired from 3D Echo Planar Spectroscopic Imaging sequences. The two methods were compared, with the results showing that SLIM could provide comparable compartment spectra using fewer voxel acquisitions without a significant drop in spectral quality. |
| 2490 | Computer 17
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Validation of B0-adjusted and sensitivity-encoded spectral localization by imaging (BASE-SLIM) using High Resolution 3D EPSI |
1Hoglund Brain Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States, 2Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States, 3Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States |
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B0-adjusted and sensitivity-encoded spectral localization by imaging (BASE-SLIM) provides non-Fourier based localization for arbitrarily shaped compartments. We have extended BASE-SLIM to 3D and compared the outcome of BASE-SLIM reconstruction with that of voxel averaged high resolution 1H MRSI. |
| 2491 | Computer 18
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B0 Drift Correction in Proton Chemical Shift Imaging |
1Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States |
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This study aims to improve 1H CSI data quality, by presenting a novel method for correction of B0 instability (0.9 Hz/min drift) due to gradient system heating produced by application of DTI and fMRI sequences. The method tracks magnetic field drift using three reference lines in the 1H CSI data, which allow misaligned spectral data to be corrected in post-processing. This novel method may be combined with any spectroscopic technique that employs water suppression. Both phantom and in vivo data are presented, to demonstrate improved SNR and spectrum quality, with minimal influence on metabolite data acquisition or added cost. |
| 2492 | Computer 19
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Retrospective motion compensation for edited MRSI data |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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A retrospective motion compensation method for edited MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) data of the human brain is presented. The algorithm identifies movement-affected data by comparing the residual water and lipid peaks at the same k-space point, and either phase corrects, replaces or removes motion-affected FIDs. The method was applied to in vivo GABA-edited MRSI data: relative to uncorrected spectra, the corrected spectra had significantly less subtraction artifacts. The method was also demonstrated for correction of glutathione-edited MRSI data. |
| 2493 | Computer 20
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Spectroscopic imaging of macromolecule-suppressed J-difference editing of GABA at 3 Tesla |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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In this study, the feasibility of macromolecule-suppressed MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of GABA in the human brain at 3T was investigated. PRESS-localized MRSI was performed for both macromolecule (MM)) suppressed GABA and non-suppressed (GABA+) editing. GABA concentrations and MM fractions were assessed and compared. Data quality metrics (B0 homogeneity, and GABA and water fit errors) were also calculated. A significant linear correlation of GABA+ with GABA concentrations was found. MM-suppressed GABA and GABA+ concentrations agreed with previously reported single-voxel values. Data quality metrics were also similar to those of prior single-voxel acquisitions. |
| 2494 | Computer 21
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Ultra high-field, high-resolution semi-LASER MRSI of the brain |
1University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany |
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The purpose of this study was to implement and optimize multi-voxel semi-LASER MRSI in brain regions that are frequently used in clinical studies, such as deep gray structures and motor cortex, within a clinically feasible time. |
| 2495 | Computer 22
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Superresolution MRSI: a desirable acquisition trajectory. |
1Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States |
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The smoothly varying waveform and sampling that starts at k=0 and the innate property of rewinding periodically to k=0, makes the rosette trajectory achieve the same spatial resolution and spectral bandwidth as other trajectories (EPSI, SSI, CONCEPT) using less than twice gradient strength and slew rate. This makes it an ideal candidate for superresolution MRSI and ultra-high field SI acquisitions. |
| 2496 | Computer 23
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Effects of Point Spread Function and Regularization Information on the MRSI with Compressed Sensing |
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 2Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, 3MOST AI Biomedical Research Center, Tainan, Taiwan |
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Compressed Sensing can be very useful in accelerating Phase-encoded Proton MRSI. The sampling functions and the reconstruction settings have been known as critical factors in recovering the data of the accelerated acquisition. The present work compared the choices of sampling functions and the regularization information in the reconstruction in a hope to optimize the framework of Compressed Sensing based MRSI. The results suggest that the spectral quality can be retained for as high as five-fold acceleration with an appropriate undersampling and reconstruction setting. |
| 2497 | Computer 24
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Undersampling strategies for compressed sensing accelerated MR spectroscopic imaging |
1SBHSE, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States, 2Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Glibert, AZ, United States |
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) is an invaluable tool in cancer diagnosis due to its specificity but long scan times makes it less popular for routine clinical use. Clinical integration of accelerating methods such as compressed sensing (CS) can improve patient throughput. Two different undersampling strategies were implemented and statistical fidelity was tested to obtain a five-fold reduction is acquisition time; 1) a conventional variable density pseudorandom undersampling and 2) an a priori information based strategy that exploits anatomical scans. Statistical results from in vivo studies show the feasibility of using CS accelerated MRSI without loss of data fidelity. |
| 2498 | Computer 25
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Compensation of Spectral Line Broadening in Proton-Echo-Planar-Spectroscopic-Imaging (PEPSI) using Dynamic Expansion of K-Space and Parallel Imaging |
1Neurology,Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States |
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This study introduces a novel MRSI approach using dynamically expanding k-space acquisition during spectral encoding to compensate B0 inhomogeneity related signal losses and spectral line broadening, taking advantage of the sparsity of the spectral signal in the time domain. 2D PEPSI with segmented increases in k-space to a maximum 6x6-fold expansion in kx and ky using spectral time domain and ky undersampling was implemented on a clinical scanner. The study characterizes signal gains and resulting spectral line narrowing in regions with B0 inhomogeneity in phantoms and in vivo. This approach complements emerging hardware solutions for improving higher-order shimming. |
| 2499 | Computer 26
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Spectral Editing of NAD+/NADH in 31P NMR spectra of Human Brain |
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 2Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 3Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States, 4VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, United States |
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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NAD+/NADH) play an essential role in cellular redox reactions and many biological processes. Altered NAD+/NADH levels and redox state may be associated with development of neurodegenerative diseases and psychotic disorders. 31P MRS is currently the only non-invasive technique to measure NAD+/NADH levels and redox state in human brain in vivo. However, the present technique suffers two major drawbacks: (1) the severe overlapping of the NAD+/NADH signals with the α-ATP resonance, and (2) the distorted baseline underneath these signals. Here we present a novel spectral editing method that allows resolution of NAD+/NADH from α-ATP at baseline. |
| 2500 | Computer 27
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Fast Quantification of Creatine Kinase Reaction Rate in Mouse Skeletal Muscle Using 31P Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting |
1Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, cleveland, OH, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 4Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, OH, United States |
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We evaluated the accuracy and efficiency of a 31P magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) method for fast measurement of the creatine kinase (CK) rate constant in mouse skeletal muscle. Our results showed consistent measurement of CK rate constant with less than 10% variations with only 6 signal averages, corresponding to 2 min acquisition. |
| 2501 | Computer 28
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Functional 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Human Visual Cortex using Repeated Short-Term Stimulation at 7T |
1German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany |
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Functional 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy allows the noninvasive observation of high-energy phosphate turnover in vivo, and might enable insight into the energy metabolism of activated brain areas. The purpose of this study was to investigate possible changes in 31P spectra of the human brain at B0 = 7T in response to repeated short-term visual stimulation. No significant changes in signal intensities and frequencies of 31P-containing brain metabolites were observed, which agrees with results from recent studies at ultra-high fields using long-term stimuli. |
| 2502 | Computer 29
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Dynamic 31P-MRSI of Human Calf Muscles using Compressed Sensing and a Low Rank Reconstruction |
1School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 2Imaging Research Center, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 3Electrical and Computing Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada |
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Dynamic 31P-MRSI experiments require temporal resolution on the order of seconds to concurrently assess metabolic change in different muscles. In this study we developed a pulse sequence using a flyback-EPSI readout combined with compressed sensing (CS) to achieve a 9 second temporal resolution and tested it in 11 healthy volunteers during an exercise-recovery challenge of the lower leg muscles. Our results showed that the sequence was capable of assessing PCr depletion/recovery and intracellular pH at rest and following exercise, of multiple muscle groups simultaneously, using a clinical 3T MR system. |
| 2503 | Computer 30
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Dependence of 31P MRS Redox Ratio on T1 Saturation |
1National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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31P measurement of the oxidized (NAD+) and reduce form (NADH) of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide has been applied to in vivo assessment of the redox state of the brain. Since uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) overlaps with the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide peaks we examined the effect of changes in the relative intensities of the UDPG basis components on quantification of the redox ratio. We found that the fitted redox ratio is significantly dependent on the UDPG basis whose chemically distinct components are subject to different T1 saturation effect in vivo. |
| 2504 | Computer 31
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Human cardiac pH and Pi concentration during dobutamine stress measured by 7T 31P-MRS |
1Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia, 4Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 5The Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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The hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in the reaction ATP + H20 ⇌ ADP + Pi (inorganic phosphate) is used to drive all cellular processes, including those involved in ventricular contraction and relaxation. When spectral quality is sufficient to quantify the Pi peak, it is possible to assess the ratio of Pi to phosphocreatine (Pi/PCr), which is an established measure of the muscle control of energy production. It is also possible to assess cardiac intracellular pH from the Pi to PCr frequency offset. Most human cardiac 31P-MRS studies report only the PCr/ATP ratio, and are typically unable to quantify cardiac Pi because of partially overlapping resonances from 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in blood. We aimed to use ultra-high (7T) field strength and a novel 31P STEAM sequence to 1) non-invasively measure myocardial Pi/PCr and pH at rest and 2) for the first time record these parameters during catecholamine stress. |
| 2505 | Computer 32
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NOE enhancement for 31P-MRS of skeletal and cardiac muscle at 7T |
1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-4, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 2Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislave, Slovakia, 4Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom, 5High-Field MR Centre, Centre for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 6Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-11, JARA, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 7JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany, 8Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, 9The Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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Phosphorus MR spectroscopy (31P-MRS) is a proven method for probing tissue energetics and membrane metabolism. Nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) enhancement can considerably improve the quality of 31P spectra. This has been demonstrated in the brain and prostate at 7T, but NOE has not yet been applied elsewhere in the human body at 7T. In this study, we evaluated NOE enhancement for 31P-MRS in human skeletal muscle and in the heart in vivo at 7T. We observe significant enhancements (e.g. for PCr/γ-ATP: 25%/16% in muscle, 31%/11% in |
| 2506 | Computer 33
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Nutritional ketosis increases NAD+/NADH ratio in healthy human brain: an in vivo study by 31P-MRS |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Clinical Development Unit, Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Nestlé Health Science, Epalinges, Switzerland, 5Department of radiology, University of Lausanne and Geneva, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland |
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Ketones represent an important alternative fuel for the brain under glucose hypo-metabolic conditions induced by neurological diseases or aging, however their metabolic consequences in healthy brain remain unclear. Here we report that ketones can increase the redox NAD+/NADH ratio in the resting brain of healthy young adults. As NAD is an important energetic and signaling metabolic modulator, these results provide mechanistic clues on how nutritional ketosis might contribute to the preservation of brain health. |
| 2507 | Computer 34
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Metabolic fate of glucose in atypical meningioma studied by 13C NMR isotopomer analysis |
1Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital and Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States |
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Meningiomas are tumors arising from meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and the spinal cord. Majority of meningiomas (grade-1) are benign and grow slowly. However, atypical meningiomas (grade-2) exhibit increased cellular abnormalities, and grow at a faster rate than benign meningiomas. Moreover, atypical meningiomas prone to recurrence and show resistance to radiotherapy. Atypical meningiomas show higher 18F-FDG uptake in PET scans. No prior reports are available on investigating metabolic fate of glucose in atypical meningiomas. The goal of this study is to probe the metabolic fate of glucose using NMR based [U-13C]glucose isotopic tracing methods in patient-derived atypical meningioma cells. |
| 2508 | Computer 35
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An Optimized PRESS Sequence for the Detection of 13C4-Glutamate at 9.4 T |
1Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2Department of Medical Physics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada |
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Glutamate (Glu) incorporates 13C label on its C4 carbon (13C4-Glu) following a 13C-labelled glucose (Glc) infusion, resulting in a ≈2.51ppm proton “satellite” peak that provides an indirect measure of 13C4-Glu. Quantification of the satellite peak is complicated at short echo time (TE) due to overlap with the ≈2.49ppm N-acetylaspartate (NAA) peak. A PRESS, point resolved spectroscopy, (TE1, TE2) combination of (20ms, 106ms) was found to be suitable for resolving the ≈2.51ppm 13C4-Glu proton peak from that of NAA at 9.4T by exploiting differences in J-coupling evolution. The efficacy of the technique is verified on rat brain during a [U-13C6]-Glc infusion. |
| 2509 | Computer 36
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Cardiac mechanical function and metabolism during hyperpolarized 13C experiments |
1Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 4Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 5Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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We investigated the relationship between contractile function and hyperpolarized (HP) [1-13C]pyruvate metabolism in a small animal model. We demonstrated significant functional changes in cardiac contractile function between pre- and post-infusion of [1-13C]pyruvate. The combined effect of infusion volume and pyruvate substrate likely explains most of the augmentation in myocardial mechanical function seen in these experiments. These data indicate the most appropriate time to image myocardial contractile function is soon as possible after HP 13C pyruvate infusion. |
| 2510 | Computer 37
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Protocol for multi-site quantitative evaluation of 13C radio frequency coils |
1GE Healthcare, Dallas, TX, United States, 2GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany, 3UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 4Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark, 5GE Healthcare, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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We present a protocol for measurement of SNR profile of 13C RF coils for clinical imaging systems. This protocol makes use of standard, vendor-provided pulse sequences as well as the natural abundance 13CH3 resonance of the dimethyl silicone (DMS) phantoms which are widely distributed. We also provide an open source code for processing and analysis.
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| 2511 | Computer 38
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Enhanced sodium quantification accuracy in a 3T clinical 23Na MR stroke study |
1Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 2Biomedical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy, 3Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 4Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 5Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany |
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Tissue sodium quantification from sodium magnetic resonance acquisitions is a promising biomarker in ischemic stroke diagnostics and can be incorporated |
| 2512 | Computer 39
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Combined 23Na/39K MRI for the quantification of Na+ and K+ concentrations in human skeletal muscle at 7 T |
1Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany, 2Center for Medical Physics and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany, 3Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany |
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A non-invasive determination of Na+ and K+ concentrations in skeletal muscle tissue is desirable to gain insights into pathological processes connected to various diseases. In this work, the feasibility of combined quantitative 23Na/39K MRI at 7 T using a double-tuned 23Na/39K birdcage calf coil was examined. In phantom measurements, a 23Na/39K SNR ratio of 46.8 was found. Moreover, Na+ and K+ concentrations close to the real concentrations were determined. In skeletal muscle tissue, fast transverse relaxation of 39K leads to underestimation of K+ concentrations if no relaxation correction is applied. |
| 2513 | Computer 40
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Whole-brain 23Na multi-parametric mapping at 7 Tesla |
1CEA - Neurospin, Paris, France, 2CRMBM, UMR 7339, Aix-Marseille University, Paris, France, 3CENIR, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France, Paris, France, 4Siemens Healthineers, Saint-Denis, France |
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Quantifying physical properties of sodium could be of benefit to assess more specifically changes in cellular homeostasis accompanying neuroinflammatory or neurodegenerative processes. Here, we performed whole-brain Quantitative Imaging using Configuration States (QuICS) in vivo at 7 Tesla to assess simultaneously Total Sodium Concentration (TSC) and relaxation times (T1 and T2). An acquisition time of 20 minutes was sufficient for a 10 mm3 isotropic resolution. In the future, the use of non-Cartesian trajectories could further reduce the overall acquisition time, opening the way to the additional estimation of the trace apparent diffusion coefficient. |
| 2514 | Computer 41
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Optimizing Compressed Sensing for quantitative Sodium MRI of the human brain |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia, 2Melbourne Brain Centre Imaging Unit, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia, 3Medicine & Radiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia |
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The clinical application of Sodium MRI is hampered due to relatively low image quality and associated long acquisition times (TA). Compressed Sensing (CS) aims at a reduction of TA, but has been found to encompass quantitative estimation bias when used in low SNR x-Nuclei imaging. This work analyses CS in human brain Sodium MRI from both angles, acquisition speed-up and quantification, and presents an optimized setup allowing an up to four-fold TA reduction with recommendations for quantitative assessments. The demonstrated global optima of CS weighting parameters and achievable reduction in TA greatly support the transition of Sodium MRI into clinical routine. |
| 2515 | Computer 42
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Measurement of 23Na MRI point-spread function (PSF) using a 3D printing resolution phantom |
1School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 2Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 3GE Global Research, Munich, Germany |
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Acquisition of in vivo 23Na MRI suffers from many inherent technical challenges, including low signal, short T2 relaxation times, and the necessity of dedicated hardware for transmitting and receiving. Despite these issues, research remains attractive because of sodium’s essential role in cellular homeostasis, pH regulation and action potentials in neurons. Quantification of data acquisition and reconstruction techniques are essential in order to overcome 23Na MRI’s difficulties, and we present measurement of the point-spread functions of 3D radial pulse sequences in resolution phantoms with differing sodium concentrations. |
| 2516 | Computer 43
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Comparison of Relaxometry-Weighted Sodium MRI and IDH Status in Cerebral Gliomas |
1Forschungszentrum Juelich, INM-11, Juelich, Germany, 2Forschungszentrum Juelich, INM-4, Juelich, Germany, 3JARA - BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, 5Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany |
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Patients with cerebral gliomas were investigated using an enhanced SISTINA sequence to estimate sodium relaxation and its correlation to the IDH mutational status. Sodium MRI is used for the indirect assessment of sodium relaxation parameters through the relative change at two echo times in |
| 2517 | Computer 44
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Measurement of Intraneurite Sodium Concentration from NODDI-based Partial Volume Correction of in vivo 23Na MRI |
1Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom, 2Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States, 3Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 4Neuroimaging, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy |
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The sodium ion plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy brain function and metabolism. Changes in sodium concentration measured with 23Na MRI have been implicated in several diseases in the brain and other organs. However, due to SNR and scanning time requirements, 23Na MRI remains a low resolution technique hampered by partial volume effects. Here, we combined a partial volume correction (PVC) algorithm, previously used in Arterial Spin Labeling perfusion MRI, with Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) to extract sodium concentration values from intra- and extra-neurite compartments in the brain in vivo using 23Na MRI at 3T. |
| 2518 | Computer 45
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Optimized 3D Dictionary-Learning Compressed-Sensing Reconstruction for Quantitative Sodium Imaging in the Skeletal Muscle |
1Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany, 2Pattern Recognition Lab, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany, 3Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 4Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Erlangen, Germany |
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Quantitative sodium MRI could be a sensitive tool for therapy monitoring in muscular diseases. However, sodium MRI suffers a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). 3D dictionary-learning compressed-sensing (3D-DLCS) enables SNR improvement and acceleration of sodium MRI, but it is dependent on parameterization. In this work a simulation based optimization method for 3D-DLCS is presented, which finds the most suitable parameters for 3D-DLCS in the context of sodium quantification. The method is applied in an in vivo study to quantify sodium in the skeletal muscle. The optimized 3D-DLCS yields a lower quantification error than the reference reconstruction method (Nonuniform FFT). |
| 2519 | Computer 46
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Ouabain Inhibition Reverses Sodium Fluxes in a Preclinical Model of Migraine: a 23Na MRI Study at 21.1 T |
1Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 2National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 3Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States |
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Increased sodium potassium ATPase(Na,K-ATPase) pump activity raises cerebrospinal fluid and brain sodium, resulting in the onset and progression of central sensitization [1-4]. With the goal of testing whether impaired Na,K-ATPase activity is implicit in the onset of migraine, this study makes use of ouabain to inhibit Na,K-ATPase activity and delineate sodium changes that may lie at the heart of migraine. At high spatial and temporal resolution, 23Na multislice CSI scans were acquired from a rodent migraine model, at 21.1 T following the onset or potential inhibition of central sensitization to identify localized sodium changes over 3-h after induction. |
| 2520 | Computer 47
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Multi-layered radiofrequency coil design for X-nuclei Imaging |
1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Pulse Teq Ltd, Woking, United Kingdom, 4Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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A novel multi-layered radiofrequency coil for X-nuclei imaging is presented which implements stacked layers for improved B1+ and SNR. The multi-layer design increased B1+ by 27% in 23Na phantom experiments and 19% in electromagnetic simulations compared to a single layer coil. Transmit-receive efficiency for a 13C multi-layer coil was double that of a quadrature coil, requiring half the power to achieve a 90° flip. An averaged SNR map from CSI indicated receive sensitivity gain of 33% from the quadrature to multi-layer design. |
| 2521 | Computer 48
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Density Adapted Stack of Stars Sequence for 23Na using Dictionary Learning Compressed Sensing Reconstruction |
1German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 2University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany |
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Sodium plays important roles in many cellular processes, which motivates imaging of the 23Na distribution. Short relaxation times and low in-vivo signal result in the need of sequences with short echo times and techniques to improve the SNR. Therefore, we present a stack of stars (SOS) sequence with density adapted readout gradients to increase SNR. We combine this sequence with an anisotropic dictionary learning compressed sensing reconstruction to further reduce noise in the images. |
| 2522 | Computer 49
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Quantitative susceptibility mapping and sodium imaging based analysis of susceptibility and sodium concentrations in the basal ganglia |
1Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 2Division of Medical Physics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany |
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23Na concentrations and iron deposition in cerebral gray matter have both shown to be increased in degenerative and inflammatory cerebral diseases. This study employs sodium imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping to assess differences in sodium concentrations and susceptibility within the basal ganglia in healthy volunteers at 7T. Results indicate a fundamentally different distribution of 23Na concentrations compared to the distribution of susceptibility within the nuclei of the basal ganglia and suggest that not only susceptibility but also 23Na concentrations may be physiologically distributed in a characteristic manner. |
| 2523 | Computer 50
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Using dynamic sodium imaging to assess furosemide action in the porcine kidney |
1University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, 2Aarhus Unviersity, Aarhus, Denmark, 3Unviersity of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 4University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark, 5University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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The ability to image sodium is believed to be a powerful tool to understand physiological processes, |
| 2524 | Computer 51
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Cerebellar GABA+/Glx ratios in essential tremor patients are correlated with tremor severity |
1Department of Radiation Physics, and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden, 2Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Neurosurgery, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden, 4Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and Department of Neurosurgery, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden |
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The aims of this study were to investigate whether GABA+ and Glx concentrations, and the relation between them, were altered in patients with severe essential tremor (ET) compared to healthy controls, and to investigate if the GABA and Glx concentrations were associated with the tremor severity. We observed an increasing GABA+/Glx ratio with tremor severity in the ET patients. Our conclusion was that this increasing cerebellar GABA+/Glx ratio mainly was driven by the decrease in Glx rather than an increase in GABA+, which suggests that an increasing tremor severity is partly due to a disturbance in the Glx concentration. |
| 2525 | Computer 52
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The Neurotransmitter NAAG in Different Phases of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients |
1Department of Radiology, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland, 2Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 3Max-Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany, 4Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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This study explores the alterations of N-Acetyl aspartate (NAA) and the neurotransmitter N-Acetyl aspartyl glutamate (NAAG) in the cerebral normal-appearing white tissue of multiple sclerosis patients with a relapsing-remitting course. A two-dimensional J-resolved single voxel spectroscopy sequence and two-dimensional prior-knowledge fitting is used to disentangle the resonance lines of NAA and NAAG. |
| 2526 | Computer 53
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High intrahepatic lipid content is associated with low choline status in humans-a 1H-MRS study at 3 Tesla |
1Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Mastricht, Netherlands, 2Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM school for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, Netherlands |
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) has become a major threat to metabolic health. Animal studies have suggested that disturbances in choline metabolism may be linked to the development of NAFL. However, to date, human data on the link of choline and NAFL is scarce. The trimethylammonium (TMA) group of choline can be detected with 1H-MRS at 3.20 ppm. Here, we investigated the relationship between intrahepatic choline levels and hepatic lipid content on healthy overweight/obese subjects using 1H-MRS at 3 Tesla. Our results showed that high hepatic lipid content is associated with low choline content in the liver. |
| 2527 | Computer 54
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Association of hepatic histologic features with magnetic resonance spectroscopy derived hepatic fat and water T1 and T2 estimates in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease |
1Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States |
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The purpose of this study is to assess possible associations between hepatic histologic features of NAFLD and the T1 and T2 of water and fat, measured by a multi TR, multi TE 1H MRS STEAM sequence that acquires 32 spectra for a range of TRs and TEs in a single breath-hold. In evaluation of 51 adults Water T1 showed a positive association with fibrosis. Water T1 and T2 and Fat T1 and T2 all showed associations with steatosis grade; no other statistically significant associations were observed. This may contribute to noninvasive methods of detection and monitoring of NALFD. |
| 2528 | Computer 55
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J-edited Cerebral MR Spectroscopy in Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy |
1Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, 2Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, 3Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany |
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Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) associated with elevated brain ammonia levels. The detoxification of ammonia leads to regionally selective alterations in several brain metabolites. The present study investigates these neurotransmitter changes in HE patients in the GABAergic and glutamatergic system. Using MEGA-PRESS, MR spectroscopy was performed in cerebellum, thalamus, and motor cortex. Preliminary results unravel increased GABA levels accompanied by elevated glutamine and reduced myo-Inositol in the cerebellum, but an absence of GABA level changes in the two other regions. These initial findings may lead to further explanation of cognitive and motor deficits in HE, but need to be substantiated further. |
| 2529 | Computer 56
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1 H MRS Analysis of Pancreas Metabolites altered by Cachexia |
1Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Cancer induced cachexia is a syndrome characterized by tissue wasting and weight loss. Cachexia occurs with the highest frequency and severity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). To further understand this syndrome, we used 1H MRS to analyze pancreas metabolites in mice with and without cachexia-inducing PDAC xenografts. We detected significant weight loss in cachectic mice. 1H MR spectra identified significant differences in amino acids, BCAA, alanine, pyruvate, phosphocholine, niacinamide and NAD in cachectic mice that provide new insights into the morbidity and mortality associated with the syndrome that may lead to novel strategies to arrest this syndrome. |
| 2530 | Computer 57
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Chemical deregulation in breast tissue of women at familial high risk of breast cancer correlates with the IBIS Breast Cancer Risk Evaluator Tool using 2D COSY at 3 Tesla |
1Queensland University of Technology/Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia, 2Princess Alexandra Hospital/Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia, 3Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia, 4Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia, 5Siemens, Brisbane, Australia, 6University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, 7Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia, 8Translational Research Institute/Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia |
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Evaluation of breast tissue of women with a high familial risk of developing breast cancer using in vivo 2D COSY as part of a standard 3T breast MRI showed statistically significant alterations in the type of double bonds in fatty acyl chains compared with controls. Further, when separating the familial cohort using the IBIS risk evaluatior tool into a group above and below 20% lifetime risk, statistically significant differences in both cholesterol and metabolites were recorded. |
| 2531 | Computer 58
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Neurochemical profile of the human hippocampus at 3T after traumatic brain injury |
1Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom |
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The aim of this work was to investigate the metabolic profile of the hippocampus in a clinical population (moderate/severe traumatic brain injury patients in the acute phase), using an MR Spectroscopy LASER sequence at 3T. With ongoing data acquisition, preliminary results show reduced levels of total choline (tCho), metabolite reflecting membrane turnover. |
| 2532 | Computer 59
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Whole-brain high resolution 3D MRSI for measuring 2HG and tumor metabolism in mutant IDH glioma patients |
1Department of Radiology, MGH, A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, United States, 2Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 4Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, United States, 5Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 6Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 7Department Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States |
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2-Hydroxyglutarate (2HG) detection using MRSI is a very promising, but challenging technique. Although high-resolution MRSI reduces the already small SNR of 2HG, it also reduces the spectral linewidth and provides more voxels for quantification. This study compares two high-resolution spiral MRSI sequences with a low-resolution MEGA-edited sequence, and one with a short echo time for 2HG detection in brain tumor patients. Three patients and three volunteers were measured with all four sequences. The two high-resolution sequences perform better with less false-positive 2HG detection in volunteers, and a more reliable 2HG quantification in IDH-mutated tumors. |
| 2533 | Computer 60
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Comparison of MEGA-PRESS and Short Echo Time PRESS on Classification of IDH Mutation Using Machine Learning at 3T |
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey, 2Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey, 3Neuroradiology Research Center, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey, 4Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey, 5Department of Radiology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey |
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Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation is common in grade II and grade III gliomas, and results in better patient prognosis IDH mutant (IDH-mut) gliomas. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies indicated an increase in 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) and decrease in glutamate (Glu) and glutathione (GSH) as a result of IDH mutation. The goal of this study is to compare IDH mutation classification performances of short echo-time (TE) PRESS and MEGA-PRESS by using machine learning in 60 glioma patients. Highest average classification accuracy was 75% with coarse decision trees for short TE PRESS, and 74% with ensemble of bagged of trees for MEGA-PRESS. |
| 2534 | Computer 61
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Metabolic Markers of Disease Progression in Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas |
1Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles/USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Rudi Schulte Research Institute, Santa Barbara, CA, United States, 3Biostatistics, UPMC Children's Hopital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 4Radiology, UPMC Children's Hopital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 5Neurosurgery, UPMC Children's Hopital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States |
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Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) are inoperable and highly resistant to chemo- and radiation therapy. DIPG carry the worst prognosis among pediatric brain tumors with progress in the development of therapies compromised by low patient numbers and unavailability of tissue samples to characterize disease status. In this work we present evidence, that non-invasive MR spectroscopy can provide robust early indicators that can assess the effectiveness (or ineffectiveness) of potential new therapeutic approach at an early stage and accelerate the completion of clinical trials in small cohorts of patients. |
| 2535 | Computer 62
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Evaluation of the elevated signal at 3.55 ppm in 1H MRS spectra of certain glioma patients |
1Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Germany, Tuebingen, Germany |
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In MR-spectroscopy of gliomas, sometimes an elevation of the signal at 3.55 ppm at an echo time of 135 ms is found, which can be interpreted as myo-inositol or as glycine. Due to coupling effects, the signal of inositol should be reduced at an echo time of 90 ms, while the glycine signal should be larger than at TE 135 ms. In measurements of glioma patients, which show an enhanced signal at 3.55 ppm at TE 135ms, we found a decreased signal at TE 90. Therefore, we saw no indication of elevated glycine concentration in gliomas. |
| 2536 | Computer 63
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Neurometabolic consequences of perinatal HIV infection and exposure are still observed in children at 11 years |
1Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 2Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 3Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa, 4A.A. Martinos Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 5Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 6Cape Universities Body Imaging Center, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa |
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HIV establishes reservoirs within the brain, causing damage despite individuals adhering to antiretroviral therapy. The long-term consequences of perinatal HIV infection and early treatment in children remain unclear. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was carried out to assess the effects of HIV on neurodevelopment, at a metabolic level, comparing HIV-positive, HIV-exposed-uninfected (HEU) and HIV-unexposed children at 11 years old. Absolute metabolite concentrations were compared between these groups, through linear regression analysis. Elevated choline levels within two regions of interest suggest putative inflammation in HIV-positive children. A reduction of N-acetyl-acetate in a white-matter region of HIV-positive and HEU children implies axonal damage. |
| 2537 | Computer 64
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MR Spectroscopic Changes in Infants Exposed to Prenatal Opioids: A Pilot Study |
1Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia, 2UNSW, Kensington, Australia, 3University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia, 4ANU, Canbera, Australia, 5ANU, Canberra, Australia |
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Proton spectra were obtained from the left caudate, left hippocampus and subventricular zone of the brains of one week old babies born to mothers who were opioid users. The study suggests that decreased brain volumes after prenatal opioid-exposure are associated with hippocampal spectral abnormalities with increased severity related to multiple opioid use. |
| 2538 | Computer 65
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Altered biochemical profiles in fetuses with congenital heart disease |
1Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States, 2Pediatrics, George Washington Univeristy, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Developing Brain Research Laboratory, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States, 4Fetal Heart Program, Children's National Health System, Washington, MD, United States |
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Brain injury is a major complication in infants with complex congenital heart disease (CHD). There is growing evidence that impaired brain development has its origins in the fetal period. We prospectively characterized in vivo fetal brain metabolic profiles in 307 fetuses (210 health fetuses and 97 with CHD). Findings from measurements of metabolite concentrations of NAA, Cr, and Cho increased with advancing GA in healthy and CHD fetuses. In CHD fetuses, tNAA/tCh ratios were significantly lower while lactate concentrations were significantly higher compared to healthy fetuses, suggesting early-life disturbances in fetal brain biochemistry. |
| 2539 | Computer 66
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Accelerated Five-Dimensional Echo-Planar Correlated Spectroscopic Imaging to assess Lipids and Metabolite differences between Type-2 Diabetic and Healthy Calf Muscle |
1Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States |
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Obesity-related diseases such as Type 2 Diabetes have become increasingly widespread. This condition can be characterized in part by changes in the fat composition of muscle, specifically in the relative concentrations of extra-myocellular (EMCL) and intra-myocellular (IMCL) lipids. Although 1D MRS techniques have been applied to assess skeletal muscle metabolite composition, they are hindered by lipid contamination from EMCL and spectral overlap which can complicate quantitation and differentiation from IMCL. 2D MRS improves spectral dispersion, allowing clear separation of both EMCL and IMCL and determination of the unsaturation index of muscle lipids. In this study, we apply a 5D (3D spatial + 2 spectral) echo-planer correlated spectroscopic imaging (EP-COSI) technique to assess the lipid and metabolic differences within the calf muscle among three groups of subjects – diabetic, age-matched healthy, and young healthy controls. |
| 2540 | Computer 67
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Metabolic abnormalities in cingulate gyrus in HIV infection by 3D rosette spectroscopic imaging |
1University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 2University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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The purpose of this study was to assess metabolic abnormalities in HIV infection by MRSI covering brain cortex and parts of striatum. Sixteen HIV-seropositive subjects (younger and older than 60) and age-matched 30 seronegative controls were evaluated using a fast rosette 3D MRSI sequence at 3T, segmentation and parcellation into 13 brain regions, and fGM regression statistics to evaluate abnormalities. MI/NAA, Cr/NAA, Ch/NAA and Ch/Cr increase in anterior and posterior cingulate as a function of HIV serostatus and age. Fast MRSI enables the detection of subtle metabolic abnormalities in HIV infection at clinically acceptable scan times (<10 min) at 3T. |
| 2541 | Computer 68
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Metabolite markers of glutamatergic activity and neuro-inflammation in the superior temporal gyrus in patients with schizophrenia. |
1Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Laboratory of Neuroscience, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States, 3Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 4Beth Isreal Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States |
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Many studies have shown that the superior temporal gyrus undergoes many changes in schizophrenia. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of the brain have also shown brain metabolite levels are altered in schizophrenia however the superior temporal gyrus has not been examined in detail. The aim of this study was to compare brain metabolite levels in patients with schizophrenia and controls as well as examine their correlation with electrophysiology measures. |
| 2542 | Computer 69
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The Potential Impact of Multiparametric MRS in the Early Detection of Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis |
1Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, 2Radiology, New York University, New York, NY, United States |
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Clinical proton MRS conventionally measures metabolites' concentrations, but neglects to acquire their relaxation constants, despite the fact that these are known to vary in many pathologies. Using computer simulations and literature values for n-acetyl-aspartate, we show that incorporating this additional information can greatly facilitate the detection of neurodegeneration in early stage multiple sclerosis (MS), increasing the area under the corresponding receiver operating characteristic curves from 0.68 to 0.91. These results strongly motivate the need for developing robust sequences for clinical multiparametric magnetic resonance spectroscopy . |
| 2543 | Computer 70
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Mapping of Regional Distributions of Brain Metabolites in Healthy Young Adults using Three-dimensional Echoplanar Spectroscopic Imaging |
1Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Radiology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States |
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To determine the regional distributions of metabolites from different lobar regions of brain in a cohort of healthy individuals in late adolescence and early adulthood, a total of 19 subjects (mean age=22) underwent 3D-echoplanar spectroscopic imaging. The parametric maps of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (tCr), choline (tCho), myoinositol (mI) and glutamate/glutamine (Glx) were generated using sophisticated post-processing steps. These maps were normalized to MNI atlas. Significant spatial variations in metabolite ratios of NAA/tCr, tCho/tCr, mI/tCr and Glx/tCr were observed across different lobar regions of brain. These findings will undergird future efforts to understand metabolite distributions in neurodevelopmental disorders. |
| 2544 | Computer 71
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7T 1H-MRS of the anterior cingulate in patients with psychosis spectrum and mood symptoms |
1Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Data from 12 typically developing (TD), 10 clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR), 6 psychosis (PSY) and 4 mood disorder (MD) participants who underwent 1HMRS at 7T. Short TE single voxel spectra (SVS) were obtained using a custom-modified PRESS sequence from the anterior cingulate gyrus. Data quality was high and tissue contribution within the acquisition voxel was similar across diagnostic groups. NAA, Creatine, Choline, GSH and Glu were significantly lower in PSY as compared to TD. CHR showed an intermediate pattern for all brain neurometabolites, except GSH, which was elevated as compared to TD. MD patients, in general, showed higher concentrations of NAA, Cho, GSH and Glu as compared to TD. |
| 2545 | Computer 72
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Metabolic Alterations in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in Sleep-Related Hypermotor Epilepsy: A Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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Sleep-Related Hypermotor Epilepsy (SHE) is characterized by bizarre motor behavior during sleep. The aim of this present study was to investigate metabolic alterations in the bilateral DLPFC using 1H-MRS to understand the underlying pathophysiology of SHE. Thirty-nine subjects with |
| 2546 | Computer 73
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Longitudinal cerebral metabolic changes in delayed neurologic sequelae after carbon monoxide intoxication using 1H MR spectroscopy. |
1Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 2Dept. of Radiology, Veterans General Hospital-Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 3School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, 4Dept. of Neurology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 5School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
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In this study, we explored the metabolic changes in WM and GM of patients with and without DNS using 1H MRS longitudinally at onset, 1, 3, and 9 months after CO intoxication. Decreased tNAA/Cr and increased Cho/Cr were observed in WM of patients with DNS as literatures have reported. The longitudinal change of Glx/Cr and Ins/Cr in WM and GM of patients with DNS implies themselves that may provide valuable information for monitoring DNS development. |
| 2547 | Computer 74
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Evidence for increasing hippocampal metabolite concentrations during healthy aging |
1Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Philips Healthcare, Markham, ON, Canada, 4Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 5Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 6Psychiatry, Non-Invasive Neurostimulation Therapies, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 7Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 8Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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Previous magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies have concluded that hippocampal metabolite concentrations remain stable during healthy adult aging. However, these studies used short repetition times (TR ≤ 2s), which leads to heavy T1-weighting. We used a longer TR (4s) to reduce T1-weighting and found hippocampal metabolite concentrations increase with age for N-acetyl-aspartate, creatine, choline and myo-inositol. Our findings illustrate the importance of using sufficiently long TR in MRS to avoid T1-relaxation effects influencing the measurement of metabolite concentrations. |
| 2548 | Computer 75
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Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Metabolite Concentrations in Children |
1Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada, 4Child and Adolescent Imaging Research (CAIR) Program, Calgary, AB, Canada, 5Department of Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 6Calgary Pediatric Stroke Program, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada, 7Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 8Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 9The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 10Strategic Clinical Network for Addictions and Mental Health, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a form of non-invasive brain stimulation that safely modulates brain activity. Several studies have shown that tDCS of the motor cortex facilitates motor learning and plasticity but there is little information on the underlying mechanisms. This analysis of metabolite changes in response to 1mA tDCS using typical PRESS and MEGA-PRESS is important in developing a complete understanding of the effects of stimulation. In this pediatric study, we did not detect the same GABA and glutamate changes in response to tDCS that have been seen in the adult literature. |
| 2549 | Computer 76
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CSF Flow and Aging: An Early Marker of Pathology? |
1Center for Advanced Brain Imaging and Neurophysiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States, 2Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States |
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Phase Contrast-Magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) provides detailed information on flow of spins, and has been applied to blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow. In the field of CSF imaging, PC-MRI is mostly used as a clinical tool to look for frank CSF changes. However, subtle CSF changes are thought to occur in neurovascular pathologies, as well as neurodegenerative disorders such as AD. In addition, it has been shown that CSF flow may change during the aging process. In this abstract, we seek to select the optimal imaging parameters to investigate aging-related CSF changes. |
| 2550 | Computer 77
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Visualization of irregular CSF flow by dynamic iMSDE SSFP using acceleration- selective motion - sensitized gradient (AS-MSG) |
1Department of Radiology, Tokai University Hospital, Isehara, Japan, 2Division of Diagnostic Image Analysis Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, 3Healthcare, Philips Electronics Japan Ltd., Shinagawa, Japan, 4Department of Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan, 5Course of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Japan, 6Department of Neurosurgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan |
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We reported a technique to visualize the irregular flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by using dynamic improved motion-sensitized driven-equilibrium steady-state free precession (dynamic iMSDE SSFP). The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of intracranial CSF visualization with dynamic SSFP using acceleration selective motion sensitized gradient (AS-MSG). The dynamic SSFP using AS-MSG distinguished acceleration flow in CSF from constant flow. This technique is suggested to contribute to the diagnosis of various diseases in the CSF space. |
| 2551 | Computer 78
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Microgravity-induced changes in pituitary morphology, brain volumetry, and cerebral spinal fluid hydrodynamics: relationship to spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome |
1Diagnostic Imaging, UTSHC-Houston, Houston, TX, United States, 2NASA, Houston, TX, United States |
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A longitudinal study of astronauts with long duration exposure to microgravity showed intracranial volumetric expansion which did not return to baseline after a 1 year of post-flight recovery. These findings were associated with increased cerebral spinal fluid pulsatility through the cerebral aqueduct suggesting diminished intracranial compliance. Additionally, there was development of pituitary gland deformity similar to that seen in idiopathic intracranial hypertension implicating the presence of elevated intracranial pressure during spaceflight. |
| 2552 | Computer 79
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Evaluation of Intracranial Pressure-Regulation by MRI-measured Cerebrospinal Fluid Pulsation |
1Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan |
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We conducted this study to determine the cerebrospinal fluid pulsation in the supine and sitting positions using multiposture MRI. The stroke volume of the aqueduct is not affected by intracranial pressure change. Cerebrospinal fluid pulsation measurements to evaluate the intracranial pressure-regulation function should be taken at the boundary between cranial and spinal cavities rather than in the aqueduct. |
| 2553 | Computer 80
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Low b-value diffusion weighted imaging to evaluate cerebrospinal fluid dynamics |
1Radiology, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, 2Siemens Japan K.K., Tokyo, Japan |
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We evaluated the signal intensity of the CSF on low b-value (b=500 s/mm2) diffusion weighted images (DWI) in cases with ventricular dilatation versus controls by a scoring method. Although low b-value DWI cannot quantify the absolute flow speed, it may be possible to evaluate the distribution of altered CSF dynamics within the cranium in the cases of ventricular dilatation. We also evaluated the characteristic signal void findings adjacent to the septum pellucidum in the cases with ventricular dilatation, which was speculated to be due to a standing wave in a thinned septum pellucidum. |
| 2554 | Computer 81
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Automated CSF Detection for Post-hemorrhagic Hydrocephalus in Preterm Infants Using 3D U-Net |
1Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Childrens National Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 3Fetal Medicine, Childrens National Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States |
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Post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus is a prevalent and severe neurological complication in very premature infants. Converging evidence suggests that increased ventricular size is an important and potentially modifiable risk factor for adverse neurological outcomes. MRI measures of CSF volume often rely on manual measurements to quantify ventricular size because automatic neonatal brain segmentation methods often fail in the setting of severe brain injury. In this pilot study, we proposed and validated a deep convolutional neural network method, 3D U-Net, to automatically identify the lateral ventricular system and the external cerebrospinal fluid regions. The proposed method showed superior accuracy in a preliminary cohort of 19 scans of very preterm infants compared to a conventional method. |
| 2555 | Computer 82
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Assessment of Hemodynamic and Hydrodynamic alternations in Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension by using MR-based Intracranial Pressure Method |
1Department of Radiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 2Department of Education, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 3Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Sciences and Technology, Taichung City, Taiwan, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hung Kuang University, Taichung City, Taiwan |
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Epidural venous dilatation is commonly seen in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension, and its presence often indicates a distinctly altered cerebrospinal hemodynamic/CSF dynamic. With the MR-ICP technique, significant statistical differences were found in various hemodynamic and CSF dynamic parameters. The result suggests that EVD is a representative feature of hemodynamic/CSF-dynamic change in SIH, and also highlights the potential of MR-ICP as a reliable method of assessment for SIH. |
| 2556 | Computer 83
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MRI assessment of glymphatic function in the non-human primate brain |
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States, 2Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States, 3Surgery, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States, 4Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States, 5Anesthesiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States |
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The astrocyte mediated exchange of cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid comprise the glymphatic system, a physiology that facilitates waste removal in the brain parenchyma. Impaired solute and waste clearance may contribute to neurodegenerative conditions, and may also be associated with age. Here, we present preliminary measurements of glymphatic function in healthy adult and aged rhesus macaque brain via intrathecal injection and DCE-MRI. We demonstrate that kinetics of GBCA distribution in the CNS occur on timescales amenable to study using DCE-MRI techniques. Our preliminary results indicate that impairment in glymphatic physiology occurs with age in the rhesus macaque. |
| 2557 | Computer 84
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Enhanced perivascular space contrast using T1-T2 fusion and adaptive spatial filtering |
1Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Neuroscience graduate program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia |
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Imaging the perivascular space (PVS), also known as Virchow-Robin space, has shown to be of significant clinical value. Its role in glymphatic system1 and reported pathological changes of the PVS in neurological disorders2–10 highlight the need for methodological development specific to this compartment. Here we propose a fusion framework that enhances PVS contrast, allowing robust clinical rating. The Enhanced PVS Contrast (EPC) was achieved by combining T1- and T2-weighted images that were adaptively filtered to remove non-structural high frequency spatial noise. |
| 2558 | Computer 85
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Assessment of Cerebral Hemodynamics Change of Hypertension using Multi-TI Arterial Spin-Labeling |
1Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China, 2MR senior scientific marketing specialist, Siemens Healthineers, Xianyang, China |
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In our study, we evaluate the diagnostic value of mTI-ASL as a noninvasive method to detect subtle hemodynamic abnormalities in hypertension at different stage. |
| 2559 | Computer 86
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Study of the cerebral blood flow metabolism in patients with Parkinson’s disease using arterial spin labeling MRI |
1Radiology, Northen Jiangsu people's hospital, Yangzhou, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Research, Beijing, China |
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There are still debates on the alterations of subcortical metabolism in Parkinson’s disease. We performed 3D pseudo-continuous pulse ASL on PD and control groups. The absolute cerebral blood flow (CBF) values and relative CBF (rCBF) in subcortical regions were automatically extracted and calculated. We found widespread decreased absolute CBF in PD patients. However, the subcortical rCBF increased significantly. We conclude that widespread blood hypoperfusion in PD brain is absolute, and hyperperfusion in the subcortical brain regions is only relative to the whole brain level of patients themselves. |
| 2560 | Computer 87
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Using Perfusion Weighted Imaging to Aid in Drawing Prominent Veins on Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping |
1The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 2Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea, Republic of, 3Radiology Department, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China |
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Current literature references Asymmetrically Prominent Cortical Veins as a valid marker, but identification is user dependent. We aim to quantify APCV using PWI, greatly reducing the reliance on observer input. This method is a stepping stone for automatic APCV segmentation and has the potential to play a role in establishing a reliable identifier for ischemic penumbra from SWI data. |
| 2561 | Computer 88
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Correlation between internal carotid artery flow and circle of Willis anatomy |
1Department of Radiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, 22. Department of Radiology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
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Measurement of proximal cerebral inflow volume and individual cerebral angio-architecture are crucial for patient-specific analysis of hemodynamic effects of cerebrovascular disease. However, the detail of bilateral ICA flow in individuals of complete but asymmetric COW is lacking. This retrospective study included total 210 healthy adult for delineation of the relationship between detailed COW variations and bilateral ICA flow volume in healthy adults. Furthermore, the correlation of ICA diameter to ICA flow in the setting of circle of Willis variants was also proposed. |
| 2562 | Computer 89
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Perivascular spaces in healthy young subjects |
1Laboratory of Neuroimaging, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Keck Hospital of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia |
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Enlargement of perivascular spaces has been associated with a number of diseases. However, morphological features of perivascular spaces in healthy subjects and their clinical role are still not completely understood. We analyzed on MRI perivascular spaces in a large sample of healthy young subjects. Our results showed a high inter-subjects variability of perivascular spaces. Twins presented similar amount of perivascular spaces. Perivascular spaces in basal ganglia were significantly correlated with subjects’ height, brain volume, and brainstem volume. These findings are relevant for all future studies investigating the role of perivascular spaces. |
| 2563 | Computer 90
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Computational assessment of enlarged perivascular spaces on brain magnetic resonance images in Vascular Dementia patients. |
1Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 2The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 3Xi’an AccuRad Network and technology Co. Ltd, Xi'an, China, 4Department of neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 5Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an, China, Xi'an, China |
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Enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) are common in Vascular Dementia (VaD) patients, associated with aging, inflammation, etc. Many studies address EPVS as it is related to count and volume but very few on the density using 3T MRI. Our aim in this study is to describe an effective and user-friendly computational method to aid in the perivascular spaces segmentation to yield EPVS count, volume and density in VaD patients. EPVS count, volume and density are significantly greater than in the control group (P<0.05). The results suggest that computational assessment of EPVS can further aid in an early diagnostic of VaD. |
| 2564 | Computer 91
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Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Imaging Reveals Region-Specific Blood-Brain Barrier Damage in Bipolar Depression |
1Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, 2Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada, 3Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel |
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This study addresses the need for mechanism-based understanding and diagnosis of bipolar depression. Using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI we identified extensive blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage in 28% of bipolar patients (and zero controls). All bipolar patients with extensive BBB leakage also had insulin resistance and worse metabolic, psychiatric and cognitive symptoms. We found depression to be associated with region-specific BBB leakage, with the nucleus accumbens best predicting depression severity. Our findings highlight BBB damage as a mechanism contributing to the dysfunction of depression-associated brain regions, and suggest that insulin resistance increases the risk of extensive BBB leakage. |
| 2565 | Computer 92
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Chronic anemic patients have impaired cerebral oxygen delivery using Pseudo Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling MRI |
1Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 4Hemotology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, los angeles, CA, United States |
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We quantified and compared cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygen delivery in patients with thalassemia intermedia and other chronic anemic patients and healthy controls, using arterial spin labeling MRI. Anemic patients exhibited elevated CBF globally and in grey matter (GM). While global and GM O2 delivery was preserved in anemic patients, white matter (WM) O2 delivery was 20% lower in this cohort compared to healthy controls. Age was the strongest predictor for both CBF and O2 delivery, but the mechanisms of decreased WM O2 delivery needs further study, given the inadequate neovascularization in response to chronic hypoxia and other factors. |
| 2566 | Computer 93
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Sodium T2* Heterogeneity of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Healthy Brains and Neurological Disorders |
1Radiology, New York University, New York, NY, United States, 2Siemens Healthineers USA, New York, NY, United States |
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The literature reports a wide variance in CSF T2* values (46-64ms). This variance may suggest T2* heterogeneity of CSF. Here we explore the possibility of CSF T2* heterogeneity among healthy and neurologically-disordered brains. |
| 2567 | Computer 94
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The influence of draining veins on apparent grey matter volume changes caused by hypercapnia |
1Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 4Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 5Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 6Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada, 7Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 8Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Past studies have shown that T1-weighted measures of grey matter volume (GMV) can be biased by differences in blood volume. Here, we investigate the vascular compartments associated with this bias by quantifying the spatial relationship between t-values for the apparent GMV increase observed during hypercapnia and the location of draining veins. Draining veins were identified using the VENAT atlas. Overall, the results of this analysis demonstrate that while proximity to veins is related to the presence of higher t-values (larger apparent GMV change during hypercapnia), large veins themselves are unlikely to be the main cause of this bias; suggesting that smaller veins or arteries may have a larger role in the observed bias. |
| 2568 | Computer 95
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Hyperoxia Challenge in Healthy and Anemic Subjects using BOLD MRI |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2CIBORG lab, Division of Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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This study explores the brain’s response to 100% oxygen inhalation in anemic subjects using BOLD MRI. Hyperoxic challenge has previously been used to identify brain regions with increased oxygen extraction fraction from inadequate perfusion. After controlling for changes in peripheral oxygen saturation, hyperoxic BOLD response was not significantly different between sickle cell disease patients, non-sickle anemic patients and healthy controls. Therefore, our results suggest that chronically anemic patients do not have increased oxygen extraction fraction from inadequate resting oxygen delivery under resting conditions. |
| 2569 | Computer 96
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Imaging Cerebellum Venous Oxygenation: a T2-based approach |
1Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States, 2Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Cerebellum has been used for normalization in fMRI and blood flow studies, and yet little for its oxygen metabolism. This abstract aims to explore T2-Relaxation-Under-Phase-Contrast (TRUPC) MRI to reliably image cerebellar venous oxygenation. We try to explore the regional small vein Yv and it adjacent sinus signals. |
| 2570 | Computer 97
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Extracranial space in healthy infants: an age-related study based on MRI anatomical images |
1Baoji Center Hospital, baoji, China, 2Baoji Center Hospital, Baoji, China, 3GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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To date, there is no consensus exists on diagnostic criteria for pathological external hydrocephalus in infants and young children. In this study, extracerebral space of 212 healthy subjects were measured on different anatomical slices and their age correlation were analyzed. The results demonstrated that extra cerebral space measured both on axial and coronal plane features similar age-related change. The results of this study may be a valuable reference in diagnosis of external hydrocephalus. |
| 2571 | Computer 98
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Quantitative Measurement of Glymphatic Flow in Man with Contrast-Enhanced MRI |
1Radiology, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, United States, 2Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, NY, United States, 3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States, 4Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 5Department Radiology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States |
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Impairment in glial lymphatic "glymphatic" flow is hypothesized to be an etiologic factor in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We report a quantitative study of glymphatic flow in man, combining intrathecal administration of gadobutrol (macrocylic gadolinium-based contrast agent) with serial T1-mapping to produce contrast concentration maps up to 3 days post-injection. This demonstrates proof-of-concept feasibility and offers data on the pharmacokinetics of glymhatic flow. |
| 2572 | Computer 99
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Could Diffusion MRI monitor the brain glymphatic system? A proof-of-concept study using an aquaporin-4 channel inhibitor pharmacological challenge |
1NeuroSpin, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France |
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Dysfunction of the Glymphatic System (GS), which clears brain tissue from waste, has been proposed as a mechanism to several brain pathologies, including the Alzheimer’s disease. GS has been investigated with preclinical imaging through the invasive intracisternal injection of Gadolinium. In this study, we have |
| 2573 | Computer 100
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Intra-Voxel Incoherent Motion imaging as a potential marker of parenchymal glymphatic flow |
1Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Northwest Network Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Puget Sound, Seattle, WA, United States, 3Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States |
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We tested the applicability of IVIM to detect increased glymphatic flow using the pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*). Using known effects of prazosin, to increase interstitial fluid volume and glymphatic flow, we showed that D* increased significantly in 6 individuals before and 9-12 weeks after prazosin. This increase was greater than conventional diffusion. It was also larger than the inter-scan variability of D*, measured in 3 individuals 10 weeks apart. |
| 2574
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Computer 101
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MRI Evidence for the Ascending Spread Hypothesis of Parkinson’s Disease |
1Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 2Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 3Public Health Services, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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Ascending spread models of Parkinson’s disease neurodegeneration remain controversial despite being the dominant model of disease progression in the literature. This study conducted an in vivo evaluation of the ascending spread hypothesis for PD in early and late-stage Parkinson’s disease using measurements of regional grey matter density (GMD) obtained from T1-weighted MRI. Results of this study provide in vivo evidence that regions implicated in stages three and four of the ascending spread model are degenerating ahead of regions implicated in stages five and six. These results further support the proposed ascending pattern of pathological spread in PD. |
| 2575 | Computer 102
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Cortical thinning pattern according to the differential nigrosome involvement in patients with Parkinson’s disease |
1Department of Radiology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, College ofHealth and Medical Science, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, Korea, Republic of, 4Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea, Republic of |
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The dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra pars compacta form five clusters (nigrosomes 1-5 [N1-N5]), and N1 has been considered to be the most affected, followed by N2, N4, N3, and N5 in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recently, N4 was defined on 3T MRI and found to be involved in late-stage PD compared to N1, suggesting sequential involvement from N1 to N4. We found wider cortical thinning in patients with N4 loss compared to those with N1 loss, similar to the cortical thinning propagation pattern seen with PD progression, which supports the sequential progression hypothesis. |
| 2576 | Computer 103
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Olfactory bulb atrophy and smell deficits in H&Y stage-1 Parkinson’s disease |
1Radiology, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States, 2Neurology, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States |
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The olfactory bulb (OB) is highly affected by Lewy bodies, the hallmark pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Hyposmia has been reported to occur in the majority of early-stage PD patients. We investigated whether there is olfactory bulb atrophy in early-stage PD patients. Our data demonstrated significantly reduced olfactory bulb volumes as well as lower psychophysical smell test scores in H&Y stage-1 PD patients compared to healthy controls. |
| 2577 | Computer 104
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Meta-analysis of the diagnostic effect size of neuromelanin MRI in Parkinson’s disease |
1Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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The clinical diagnosis and monitoring of Parkinson’s disease (PD) remain challenging which prompted substantial research efforts to develop pathophysiological meaningful biomarkers. Depigmentation of the substantia nigra (SN), pars compacta, is a pathological hallmark of PD that can be detected by neuromelanin-sensitive MRI (NM-MRI). We undertook a meta-analysis on the pooled diagnostic accuracy of NM-MRI in 14 case-control studies including 755 subjects (427 PD). We show a consistent decrease of SN NM signal in PD vs controls independent of the acquisition and analysis methods with a pooled standardized mean difference of SMD=1.06, 95% CI, 0.84, 1.28, p<0.00001. In conclusion, this meta-analysis supports NM-MRI metrics as a diagnostic biomarker of PD. |
| 2578 | Computer 105
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Utility of Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping & Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging in the Diagnosis of Early Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease |
1National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore, 2Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 3Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, 4National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 5MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 6Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States |
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Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by dopaminergic neuronal loss and iron overload in the nigrostriatum. Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) allow quantification of alterations in tissue microstructure based on water diffusion and iron deposition respectively. Our case-control study in PD using DKI revealed greater cellular loss in the lateral SN and complex microstructural degradation in the putamen. QSM showed spatially variant iron deposition (Δχ) in the grey nuclei congruent with histochemical reports, and multivariate analysis showed that putaminal and lateral nigral Δχ significantly predicted UPDRS. Significant correlations between Δχ and DKI indices were found in the putamen. |
| 2579 | Computer 106
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Longitudinal Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow Calculated by Arterial Spin Labeling MRI in Parkinson’s Disease |
1Biomedical Engineering Institute, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey, 2Hulusi Behcet Life Sciences Research Center, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey, 3Institute of Psychology and Cognition Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany, 4Department of Neurology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey, 5Department of Physiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey |
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The aim of this study is to monitor perfusion changes over one and a half years in Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI). Cerebral blood flow (CBF) maps were created for baseline and follow-up scans by fitting a kinetic curve model for each pixel of arterial spin labeling MR images. The CBF maps were registered to MNI152 brain atlas, and perfusion changes were assessed at 119 distinct brain regions. The CBF of PD-MCI patients decreased at occipital fusiform gyrus, right occipital fusiform gyrus, anterior part of left supramarginal gyrus, and anterior part of right middle temporal gyrus over time. |
| 2580 | Computer 107
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Studying the effect of medication status on resting state network metrics in Parkinson’s disease |
1Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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Current drug therapies for Parkinson’s disease (PD) offer symptom control without the capability for disease modification. Furthermore, unpredictable on/off fluctuations and dyskinesias present challenges in titrating appropriate doses. Our study aims to utilise resting state functional MRI (fMRI) to determine the effect of PD medication, as preliminary step to future work to address these limitations. |
| 2581 | Computer 108
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Prognosis of body function in Parkinson’s disease using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging |
1Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan, 2Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan, 3Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan, 4Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, 5Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan, 6Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan, 7Department of Neurology, Landseed Hospital, TaoYuan, Taiwan |
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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by resting tremor, bradykinesia, restricted mobility, and postural instability. PD has a progressive course and is associated with increased mortality, with physical disability and non-motor symptoms exerting a significant negative impact on quality of life. Robust early prediction of clinical outcomes in Parkinson’s disease would be paramount for implementing appropriate management interventions. The predictive power varied according to the clinical measures used and was highest in the prediction of UPDRS. This finding was further confirmed by using bootstrap approach and leave-one-out cross-validation analysis. |
| 2582 | Computer 109
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Analysis of changes in brain structure in patients with Parkinson's disease and their correlation with the Hoehn-Yahr stage using the MPRAGE sequence |
1Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 2MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare, Ltd., Beijing, China, 3Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China |
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In this study, the volume changes of brain structure in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients were analyzed. We found extensive structural brain changes in PD patients, and most of these changes were correlated with the Hoehn-Yahr stage. The results showed that volume changes in some brain regions may be a potential imaging marker for early diagnosis of PD, and the MPRAGE sequence may be a suitable and quick method to provide a reference for clinicians to diagnose PD. |
| 2583 | Computer 110
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Arteriovenous Structure and Blood Flow Abnormalities in Parkinson’s Disease |
1Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 2Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 3Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 4Magnetic Resonance Innovation INC, Detroit, MI, United States |
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Few researchers have paid attention to the vascular supply and venous outflow in Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this work, we evaluated arterial inflow and venous outflow and looked for the presence of abnormal venous structure. We found that there was a significant correlation of reduced arterial flow with reduced internal jugular vein (IJV) flow. We also found there were a large number of PD patients with no or little flow in the left IJV compared to healthy control group. These results suggest that abnormal flow could be one factor in the development of or progression of PD in some patients. |
| 2584 | Computer 111
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Voxel-Based Meta-Analysis of Mutant α-Synuclein transgenic Marmoset using Multiparametric MRI |
1Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Wako, Japan, 2Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 3Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan, 4Tokyo Metropolitan University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan |
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In this study, we evaluated the characteristics of the brain in a genetically modified marmoset model of Parkinson’s disease. Various contrast images were acquired using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the whole brain underwent explorative investigation with each contrast. For each image, statistical evaluation was performed using SPM. Diffusion tensor MRI showed significance differences in the thalamus, while magnetization transfer ratio images showed a significant difference in the nigral striatum. The findings suggest that the marmoset is useful as a model animal to study human diseases. |
| 2585 | Computer 112
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Differentiating Parkinson’s disease patients from healthy controls through high iron content deposition in the substantia nigra |
1Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, shanghai, China, 3Magnetic Resonance Innovations, Inc., Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 4Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China |
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In this work, 25 Parkinson’s disease patients and 24 healthy controls (HC) were scanned in order to quantify brain iron content in eight major deep gray matter structures. In addition to comparing global iron deposition, a novel threshold-based method was used to assess regional high iron (RII) in these nuclei. Among all the structures, the substantia nigra (SN) was the only one showing significantly higher iron content in PD patients compared to that of the HC cohort with the regional analysis revealing more prominent results. There are two populations of PD patients, those that do not change iron content in SN and those that do. For the abnormally high SN iron content group, there was a significantly higher UPDRS-III than the group showing normal iron content. |
| 2586 | Computer 113
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Classification of Parkinson’s disease based on multi-parametric data derived from MR Fingerprinting measurements |
1Philips Research Europe, Hamburg, Germany, 2Department of Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 3Institute for Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany, 4Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5German Centre for neurodegenerative disease research (DZNE), Bonn, Germany, 6Philips Healthcare, Bonn, Germany |
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We investigated the potential of multi-parametric MR Fingerprinting measurements for the classification of Parkinson’s disease. For each measured quantity (T1, T2, proton density) and each segmented brain region, several statistical parameters were determined and used to train a Random Forest classification algorithm. An AUC of 0.92 was achieved for distinguishing Parkinson patients from healthy control subjects. |
| 2587 | Computer 114
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Free-Water Imaging Improves the Evaluation of White and Gray-Matter in Early Parkinson’s Disease |
1Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 3Department of Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan, 4Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan |
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We applied bi-tensor diffusion model to evaluate the microstructural changes of white (WM) and gray matter (GM) in patients with early Parkinson’s disease (PDs). Our results demonstrated that the bi-tensor diffusion model could be used to disentangle neuroinflammation and axonal degeneration in early PDs with more precise estimations of localized microstructural changes compared to the single-tensor model. Our findings also suggest that microstructural changes in early PD may be preceded by neuroinflammation and followed by axonal degeneration, with WM changes preceding GM changes. Finally, the bi-tensor model also enabled to show possible compensatory mechanisms in PD occurring in the cerebellum. |
| 2588 | Computer 115
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Linked alterations in microstructural morphology of white matter in patients with Parkinson’s disease: A multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study |
1Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Parkville, Australia, 3Department of Radiology, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 4Department of Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan, 5Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 6Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan |
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To identify relationships between Parkinson’s disease (PD) severity and microstructural changes in white matter (WM), we applied a multimodal data-fusion method known as linked independent component analysis (LICA) to a set of diffusion magnetic resonance (MR) and myelin-sensitive imaging data. LICA explained data variance with high sensitivity to PD severity, revealing widespread coordinated decreases in intracellular volume fraction, fractional anisotropy, and myelin volume fraction with increases in radial diffusivity. Our results show coordinated microstructural alterations in WM with disease severity and PD progression. |
| 2589 | Computer 116
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Atlas based Diffusion Abnormalities in Substantia Nigra in Parkinson's Disease |
1Symbiosis Centre for Medical Image Analysis, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India, 2Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India, 33Department of Clinical Neurosciences, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Pune, India, 44Department of Neuroimaging & Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India |
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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by neuronal loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). This study aims to gain deeper insights into the abnormalities in SN by evaluating the diffusion metrics of the SN in a large cohort of patients with PD. To precisely delineate the SN, neuromelanin sensitive MRI images were obtained from a set of healthy controls and were used to create a probabilistic atlas of the SN. Using this atlas, we observed significantly higher radial and mean diffusivity of bilateral SN in patients with PD suggesting microstructural abnormalities that could potentially serve as bio-markers for PD. |
| 2590 | Computer 117
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Acupuncture Relieve Pain in Parkinson’s Disease Through Modulating Pain Matrix |
1Medical Imaging and Radiology Science, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan, 2Department of acupuncture, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, TaoYuan, Taiwan, 3Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, TaoYuan, Taiwan, 4Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, TaoYuan, Taiwan |
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Patients with Parkinson’s Disease may suffer from different pain for years, including aching and burning from muscles, skeleton, or even throughout their body. In the current study, we provide that acupuncture could relieve such specific pain in PD patients through modulating regions related to the pain matrix in brain, especially correlated with primary somatosensory cortex and middle temporal pole. This could be an effective and safe analgesic tool that would relieve patients’ suffering. |
| 2591 | Computer 118
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Analysis of Structural Connectivity using Certain Nuclei as Seeds in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Neuromodulation Center, Tsinghua University YuQuan Hospital, Beijing, China, 4School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China |
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In this study, we aim to evaluate the relationships between fiber connectivity starting from specific nucleus regions to the whole brain and the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)-III scores in patients with Parkinson's disease. The results showed that the structural connectivity to the whole brain starting from bilateral internal global pallidus and caudate nucleus has significant negative correlations with the UPDRS-III scores. In the contrary, no significant correlations was found for the network starting from the putamen and external global pallidus. The strong negative correlation implies that these specific nuclei may play significant roles in the severity of Parkinson's disease. This finding is of great importance for further clinical research. |
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Temporal Atrophy Predicts the Deterioration of Cognition in Multiple Domains: a Longitudinal Clinical Study in Parkinson’s Disease |
1Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, HangZhou, China |
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To specify the critical structural alterations of cognitive deterioration in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and explored the underlying mechanism of structural changes. We combined cross-sectional and longitudinal VBM analyses to explore the structural topologies between PD patient who convert to mild cognitive impairment (PD converter). The relationships between dopamine transporter (DAT), CSF proteins and structural alterations were assessed. PD converters showed progressive temporal atrophy associated with multiple cognitive domains. DAT results were significantly associated with temporal atrophy. In conclusion, temporal lobe is a crucial node in modulating cognitive status in multi-domains. Dopamine deficiency may contribute to cognition-related temporal atrophy. |
| 2593 | Computer 120
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Functional Brain Connectome and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Early Stage Parkinson Disease |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 3Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital & the People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China |
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To use graph theory approaches and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to explore the brain functional network in patients with early stage Parkinson's disease (PD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The whole-brain functional network was constructed by thresholding the Pearson correlation matrices of 90 brain regions. The results showed a less small-worldization characterized by decreased global integration and decreased local segregation in PD patients relative to healthy controls (HC). On the basis of these between-group difference in global and nodal properties, PD patients with MCI showed the lowest properties values, followed by PD patients with normal cognition and HC. |
| 2594 | Computer 121
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Altered cerebellar functional connectivity in Parkinson’s disease |
1Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 2Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States |
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Parkinson’s disease is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder characterized by asymmetrical onset of motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor. Mounting evidence suggests that the cerebellum plays a major role in the pathophysiology of PD. Prior imaging studies have found altered cerebellar activation during motor execution and motor learning, suggesting that altered activation in the cerebellum may reflect Parkinsonian-related impairment. Here, we use resting-state function MRI (fMRI) to ascertain connectivity changes in the cerebellum from Parkinson's disease found reduced connectivity in lobule V of the cerebellum as well as reduced connectivity between dentate nucleus and the cerebellar cortex. |
| 2595 | Computer 122
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Disruption of cortical-basal ganglia motor network affects cognitive function in Parkinson’s disease: a high angular resolution diffusion imaging study |
1Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China, 2Department of Neurobiology, Neurology and Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Harbin Institute of Technology at Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China |
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Whether clinical phenotype in Parkinson's disease (PD) is affected by cortical-basal ganglia motor circuit (CBG) dysfunction remains to be investigated. In this study, we utilized a high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) technique to investigate association between white matter structural connectivity within CBG and cognitive function related to PD. We found that the structural connectivity between the M1 cortical area and other regions within the CBG circuit decreased for those PD patients with severe cognitive symptoms, indicating that the less effective information processing between cortical and subcortical regions in CBG network could lead to cognitive deficits in PD patients. |
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Influence of Analytic Techniques on Comparing Diffusion Derived Measurements in Early Stage Parkinson’s Disease |
1Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 2Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States |
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Using a well-characterized multi-site diffusion MRI ( |
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Towards identification of neuroanatomical correlates of neuropsychological scores in Parkinson’s disease patients, with and without, memory impairment |
1Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 2Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 3University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 4Department of Neurology and Neurosciences Stanford Movement Disorders Center (SMDC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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With a well-characterized dataset of Parkinson’s disease (PD) participants, with and without memory impairment, this study shows that there is a distinct structural network organization between PD with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and without MCI(PD-nMCI). This study further shows that while there are no discernible differences in scalar diffusion-MRI derived measures, fractional anisotropy in PD-nMCI is negatively associated with trail making test-A. Our study demonstrates the feasibility towards identifying neuroanatomical correlates of neuropsychological scores that will not only aid in our understanding of the underlying neural correlates of cognitive impairment in PD, as well as differentiating PD-MCI and PD-nMCI in an objective and reproducible manner. |
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Altered Claustral Functional Connectivity in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. |
1Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 2University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 3Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Studies have shown α-synuclein pathology in the claustrum of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and its correlation with the onset of cognitive dysfunction in PD. In this study we use resting state fMRI to examine claustral functional connectivity network changes in PD patients with mild cognitive impairment. Our results show increased claustral-cortical connectivity in the PD-MCI group, which may indicate additional effort is required in the PD-MCI group to maintain network integration. The increased load of claustrum is somewhat mitigated by medication in PD patients with cognitive impairment. |
| 2599 | Computer 126
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Investigation of brain plasticity during prolonged Braille learning in sighted subjects: a longitudinal diffusion MRI (dMRI) study |
1Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, 2Department of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland, 3Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland |
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Diffusion MRI can be used to evaluate the brain plasticity processes that occur during new skills acquisition. Commonly, one of the tasks used to investigate neuroplasticity of both blind and sighted subjects is Braille reading. In this work, we analyze DTI metrics based on |
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Increased Intracortical R1 in the Motor Cortex of Exercising Older Adults |
1Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Neuroscience, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 3Brain Imaging Center Frankfurt/M., Frankfurt, Germany, 4Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany, 5Institute of Neuroradiology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, 6Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 7Institute of General Practice, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany, 8Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, 9Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada |
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Exercise is known to be beneficial for brain health and performance; however, it is not known if changes in cortical microstructure underlie this effect. To investigate this, R1 maps acquired on cognitively healthy older adults (n=24, 65-90 years old) were analyzed before and after a 12-week exercise intervention. R1 prolongation indicating increased myelin levels were significant in the right (p=0.033) and trending in the left (p=0.052) leg motor regions with respect to a control group (n=22). ΔR1 correlated with aerobic cycling performance improvements (left: p=0.012, right: p=0.011). This study demonstrates that exercise promotes myelination in cortical motor regions. |
| 2601 | Computer 128
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Investigating premanifest synucleinopathy: structural connectome of brainstem nuclei in REM sleep behavior disorder |
1Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States |
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REM-sleep-behavior-disorder (RBD) is characterized by the absence of muscle-atonia during REM-sleep. RBD is strongly associated with presymptomatic-manifestations of neurodegenerative-synucleinopathies. Thus, it allows the investigation of early/premanifest neurodegenerative-stages when treatment can be most effective in delaying the development of full-blown-disease. Changes in brainstem-nuclei-connectivity are expected in RBD/premanifest-synucleinopathy based on animal- and ex-vivo-human-studies. Yet, their investigation in living-humans is understudied. Through high-spatial-resolution 7Tesla-MRI and a recently-developed probabilistic-brainstem-nuclei-atlas, we built a brainstem-based structural-connectome in living RBD-patients and age-matched controls. Interestingly, in RBD-patients we detected structural-connectivity-changes within the brainstem, with the striatum and cerebellum in line with the pathophysiology of RBD in animal-models. |
| 2602 | Computer 129
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Changes in GABA associated with a sham-controlled transcranial direct current stimulation language intervention for primary progressive aphasia. |
1Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Children’s Hospital Research Institute and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 6Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 7F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Primary Progressive Aphasia is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting language. We applied GABA-edited MRS to examine GABA changes with anodal tDCS to augment language-therapy for patients with PPA. With tDCS targeting the left inferior frontal gyus, we see a decrease in IFG GABA following the intervention. No changes were observed in the sham group. While all patients showed improvements with language therapy, those receiving tDCS showed greater improvements that were maintained at 2 months follow-up. This work supports the use of tDCS to augment language therapy in PPA. |
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Computer 130
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Structural MRI abnormalities and the immune system are correlated with neuroinflammation in Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a retrospective study on a large and well-defined patient cohort. |
1Department of Radiology, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands, 2Department of Radiology, UMCU, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 4Department of Rheumatology, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands |
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Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (NP-SLE) is associated with cerebral abnormalities, but their relation to the inflammatory and ischemic clinical phenotypes is unknown. We performed a retrospective structural brain study within a large, clinically well-defined patient cohort of NP-SLE patients (inflammatory and ischemic) and non-NP-SLE patients. Patients with inflammatory, but not ischemic, NP-SLE showed lower grey matter and white matter volumes, and higher White Matter Hyperintensity volumes compared to non-NP-SLE patients. Brain abnormalities were also associated with the complement system. In conclusion, only inflammatory NP-SLE showed more severe structural brain abnormalities, and these were associated with a specific complement component. |
| 2604 | Computer 131
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Elucidating the influence of healthy aging on white matter microstructure: A comparison of different diffusion MRI models |
1Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 2Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Joint Department of BioMedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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To understand microstructural changes associated with healthy aging, multi-shell diffusion-weighted images were acquired in a group of 71 cognitively normal volunteers (31-young, 40-old). Signal representation and tissue specific models were used to assess relationship between age and WM microstructural changes. TBSS was performed for group-comparison. Results showed that FA and NODDI-based indices exhibited highest degree of sensitivity with overlap in much wider regions. The results also showed regional differences among FA and ODI. The influence of DKI was more regionalized and complemented by FA. The study demonstrated the sensitivity of higher-order models to the age-related changes in tissue microstructure. |
| 2605 | Computer 132
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MRI Detection of Amyloid Related Imaging Abnormalities (ARIA) in a Non-Human Primate Model of Sporadic Cerebral Amyloid Angiography at 7-Tesla |
1Department of Radiology, Bernard & Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging & Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation & Research (CAI2R), New York, NY, United States, 2Preclinical Imaging Laboratory, Division of Advanced Research Technologies NYU Langone Health & NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 3University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 4The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States |
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Here we describe a non-invasive brain imaging method studying the pathogenesis and long-term effects of ARIA (amyloid-related imaging abnormalities) in an aged squirrel monkey (Saimiri Boliviensis), a non-human primate model of naturally occurring cerebral amyloid angiopathy. We investigated both ARIA-E, characterized by vasogenic edema, and ARIA-H, characterized by MRI evidence of hemosiderin deposits as potential biomarkers to use in a MRI methodology to monitor newly developed AD treatments. |
| 2606 | Computer 133
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Dynamics of white matter tract covariance across lifespan assessed with diffusion spectrum imaging |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, 3Acroviz Technology, Inc., Taipei, Taiwan, 4Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 5Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan |
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In this study, we calculated tract covariance to describe the phenomenon of white matter differentiation and de-differentiation across lifespan, using diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) and whole brain tract-based automatic analysis (TBAA) techniques. Differentiation was found to be highest in the 2nd decade and de-differentiation started to emerge at 3rd decade and peaked at 6th decade. |
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Investigation of hypoxia after brain injury using a hypoxia-binding T1 contrast agent GdDO3NI |
1School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States |
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In this study we have used the hypoxia-targeted MR contrast agent GdDO3NI, (a nitroimidazole-based T1 MRI contrast agent) to image the development of hypoxia in the rodent brain after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Our results indicate a statistically significant ~ 50% signal enhancement over baseline in the injury region using GdDO3NI compared to baseline values (~ 0%) observed with non-specific Gadoteridol (as control) at 3hours post injection. This study further demonstrates the utility of GdDO3NI in imaging tissue hypoxia and applicability to traumatic brain injury. |
| 2608 | Computer 135
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Pituitary R2 values at 3T to assess risk of iron-mediated hypogonadal hypogonadism. |
1Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Pediatrics and Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Pituitary R2 at 1.5 Tesla has been validated as a sensitive marker of pituitary siderosis and risk of clinical hypogonadism. We cross-validated pituitary R2 measurements at 3T and 1.5T in 26 patients with iron overload syndromes. Pituitary R2 scaled linearly across field strength with a relative enhancement of 42%, consistent with previous liver R2 cross-field validations. When 3T pituitary values were transformed into equivalent 1.5T R2 values, the resulting Z-score estimates were unbiased with native 1.5T R2 estimates. Thus it is not necessary to acquire normative R2 data at 3 Tesla in order to interpret 3T pituitary R2 values. |
| 2609 | Computer 136
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Thalamus in chronic low back pain: vertex-based morphometry and connectivity-based thalamic white-matter studies |
1Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, United States |
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Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is now considered a central nervous system disease. Thalamus is a key relay station for processing and transmission of nociceptive information to the cerebral cortex. We used vertex-based morphometry and connectivity-based diffusion tractography to test the hypothesis that the CLBP is associated with altered thalamic shape and altered white matter integrity of the thalamic projections to cortical regions in frontal and parietal lobes. Compare to controls, CLBP exhibited significant surface depression in left thalamus and lower fractional anisotropy in left thalamic projections to the posterior parietal cortex. This may represent a degenerative pain-related process. |
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HIV alters brain activation during semantic memory processing demands |
1University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland, 2University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, World Hearing Center, Kajetany, Nadarzyn, Poland, 4The Central Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Warsaw, Poland, 5Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland, 6The Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland, 7The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 8The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Memory and executive dysfunctions burden HIV patients even in the highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) era. The neurobiological correlates of these cognitive symptoms remain unclear limiting development of targeted treatment options. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a promising route to estimate neural signature of HIV-related neurocognitive decline. We examined brain activity in HIV+/HAART+ vs. healthy individuals during execution of semantic memory task. Results show that famous names induce lower activation in left caudate, right thalamus and left middle occipital gyrus in HIV+ vs. healthy group, despite lack of behavioral differences. Such hypoactivation suggests brain functional reorganization in HIV+/HAART+ patients. |
| 2611 | Computer 138
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A Method for Evaluating Whole Brain Health of the Aging Brain: Assessment of Multiple MRI Detectable Brain Changes using the Brain Atrophy and Lesion Index (BALI) |
1Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada, 2Faculty of Applied Science, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada, 3ImageTech Laboratory, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Fraser Health Authority, Surrey, BC, Canada |
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As our population ages, there is a need for better methods of assessing neurodegeneration. However, current methods are based on a diagnostic model and assess changes in isolation, failing to account for the interconnected nature of the brain and the heterogeneity of the aging process. To address this, we introduced the Brain Atrophy and Lesion Index (BALI) an MRI based tool for the assessment of structural neurodegeneration across the whole brain. Here, we compare results from eight datasets to which BALI was applied (n=3295), and present a literature review to understand consensus regarding the brain changes assessed by the BALI. |
| 2612 | Computer 139
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Plastic Changes of the Language-related Brain Regions for Children with Non-syndrome Cleft of Lip with or without Palate (NSCL/P) |
1Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, beijing, China, 2MR Research China, GE Healthcare, beijing, China, 3Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, beijing, China, 4Beijing Normal University, beijing, China |
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Using multimode MRI technique, this study attempt to find structural and functional alterations of brain regions for children with non-syndrome cleft of lip with or without palate (NSCL/P). Compared with control group, both structural and functional changes were detected in distributed cortical regions for NSCL/P group, which mainly located on the dorsal stream of language pathways. Besides, significant correlations were found between ALFF values and Chinese language clear degree scales for NSCL/P children. |
| 2613 | Computer 140
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A multiparametric study of prion disease |
1Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 2Brain repair and rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 3University of Cardiff, Brain research imaging centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 4Neurodegenerative diseases, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 5MRC prion unit, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 6Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College of London, London, United Kingdom, 7MRC Prion unit, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom |
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In this work, we hypothesize that the metabolic changes occurring in the brain of prion-infected mice due to conformational changes of prion protein can be mapped using CEST MRI following previous in vivo work. Our previous findings include reduced Nuclear Overhauser Effect mediated by exchange-relayed signals in thalamus and cortex of prion-infected mice possibly related to up normal prion protein folding. Here we extend our studies by including a rich multipower acquisition scheme for targeting exchange processes falling at different regimes. For understanding the origin of CEST signal alternations T1, T2, and MT maps are included as well as histological findings. |
| 2614 | Computer 141
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MR neuroimaging and pons proton spectroscopy in type 1 narcolepsy |
1Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, Functional MR Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 3IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 4Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy |
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Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a rare and life-long disease, characterized by central hypersomnia and cataplexy typically triggered by emotions. NT1 is linked to a selective loss of hypothalamic hypocretin neurons. To characterise neurodegeneration, we combined pons 1H-MRS and whole brain structural analysis in a large and homogenous sample of adult NT1 patients. 1H-MRS showed evidence of pontine neuronal dysfunction, consistent with its key role in REM sleep regulation. Grey matter loss was detected in brain regions implicated in the disease pathophysiology, including frontal-prefrontal cortices, putamen nuclei, thalami, hypothalamus, amygdalae, cerebellum, and widespread subtle tissue microstructural alterations were also found. |
| 2615 | Computer 142
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Ex-vivo MR investigation of microstructures in globus pallidus in QSM: a histological validation study |
1Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Linear paramagnetic structures were frequently seen in globus pallidus (GP), and interesting calcific densities are overlapping on these paramagnetic structures. This study aimed to explore the microstructural findings of GP using ex-vivo MRI scan and histologic validation. We found that the source of paramagnetism were mineral deposition of perforating vessels in GP. Those mineral depositions were paramagnetic on MR images, and calcific density on CT scan. Histologic study showed simultaneous deposition of iron and calcium along the arterial wall. High resolution MRI might have potential to demonstrate vascular degeneration and mineral deposition, which might be associated with aging and metabolic brain diseases. |
| 2616 | Computer 143
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The change of cerebral cortex in children with Tourette syndrome |
1Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing, China, 2China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, Beijing, China |
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Tourette syndrome (TS) is a developmental neuropsychiatric disorder and is characterized by multiple motor and vocal tics. To understand the developmental cause of such changes, we investigated microstructural changes of cortical thickness , cortical sulcus, cortical curvature, and LGI in TS children by using sagittal three-dimensional T1-weighted image (3DT1WI) Magnetization. The TS children had the significant differences in cortical thickness, cortical sulcus, cortical curvature, and LGI compared with controls. |
| 2617 | Computer 144
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Altered cortical thickness relevance in the early blind, late blind during the critical developmental time |
1Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 2NMR and MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 3Rajendra Prasad Centre of Opthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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Visual impairment induces |
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Gradient profiles of myelin and microstructure metrics across the developing brain |
1Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Australia, 3Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia, 4University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada |
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Myelinogenesis follows a protracted sequence, with distinct pathways being myelinated at various times throughout development. To test this with MRI, we used magnetization transfer and diffusion metrics with tractography to investigate along-tract profiles of myelin and microstructure metrics in children and adolescents. Profiles demonstrated sensitivity to along-tract metrics, with midline regions having increased myelin and restricted diffusion indices indicative of maturation. |
| 2619 | Computer 146
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Altered brain structure associated with cognitive changes of end-stage renal disease patients without dialysis and with maintenance hemodialysis |
1Medical Imaging department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China |
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The theory of kidney-brain axis has provided more information for the interpretation of brain damage in ESRD patients. However, the factor of dialysis was ignored in this theoretical system. We analyzed the cortical structural changes and cognitive changes from different dimensions and also analyzed their relationship in ESRD patients with and without hemodialysis. We found that both the patients with dialysis and the patients without dialysis showed decreased cortical thickness when compared with healthy people, while the patients without dialysis presented with a more extensive decreased cortical thickness when compared with patients with maintenance hemodialysis. The brain structural changes were correlated with the cognitive changes. Our results suggested that the hemodialysis might be a protective factor for the brain, but the protective effect of hemodialysis was limited. |
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Chemotherapy-induced gray matter abnormalities in cancer survivals: a voxel-wise neuroimaging meta-analysis. |
1Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, 2Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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The present meta-analysis investigated the grey matter abnormalities in non-CNS cancer survivals treated with chemotherapy using Anisotropic Effect Size Signed Differential Mapping (AES-SDM) according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guides. Compared with controls, the non-CNS cancer survivals treated with chemotherapy exhibit widespread grey matter abnormalities in brain, especially in prefrontal-temporal pathway, which was significantly affected by the time length since chemotherapy. This pattern of grey matter volume changes might improve our understanding of the pathophysiological nature of chemotherapy related cognitive dysfunctions. |
| 2621 | Computer 148
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Quantitative R2 mapping reveals information of myelin content in rat brain at 7T |
1Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 2Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 3School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, 4Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 5Research Center of Translational Imaging, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, 6Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, 7Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan |
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Information of myelin content can reflect the microstructural difference between brain white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM), and particularly facilitating in detection of WM abnormalities during disease progression. This study aims to optimize a quantitative R2 mapping method of rat brain at 7T MRI and to evaluate the relationship between the measured R2 values and myelin content in discrepant brain tissues. Our findings demonstrated that quantitative R2 measurements could be an alternative to provide information of myelin content in rat brain at 7T, which may have potential to assess microstructural changes of brain WM and GM in demyelinating diseases. |
| 2622 | Computer 149
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White Matter Tract Abnormalities are Associated with Cognitive Dysfunction in CADASIL |
1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Department of Physics, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, 2Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China |
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This study was to investigate the white matter microstructural abnormalities and the relationship between white matter alterations and cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Patients with CADASIL showed significant extensive reductions in fractional anisotropy (FA), and increases in axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), mean diffusivity (MD) compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, these white matter microstructural alterations were significantly correlated with Cognitive scores, and Stroke scale scores. It indicated that damage of white matter play an important role in cognition impairment in CADASIL |
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Preoperative brain MRI features and postoperative delirium |
1Department of Intensive Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 4Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany |
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Postoperative delirium is associated with impaired cognitive outcome, longer hospital stay and an increased risk of dementia. To date, the pathophysiology of delirium remains largely unknown. Therefore, we studied the association of preoperative brain MRI features and the occurrence of postoperative delirium in a large group of older patients. We measured preoperative brain volumes, white matter hyperintensity shape, cerebral infarcts and cerebral perfusion. Preoperative cortical brain infarct volume was associated with postoperative delirium. Other preoperative brain MRI features were not significantly associated with postoperative delirium. Patients with a larger burden of cortical infarcts may have a decreased brain reserve, increasing the risk of postoperative delirium. |
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Development of a Standardized Normative Pediatric Spinal Cord structural template: Demonstration of an automatic estimation of Spinal Cord Cross Sectional Area measurements (SCCSA). |
1Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Electrical Engineering, NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Radiology, Thomas Jeffesron University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 4School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States, 5Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 6Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States, 7Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 8Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 9School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Template-based analysis of MRI data of the spinal cord lay the foundation for standardization and reproducibility , improves patient diagnosis and helps the discovery of new biomarkers of spinal-related diseases. |
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Automated MP2RAGE-based Brain Volumetry for Pediatric Patients: A Clinical Usability Study |
1Pediatric Radiology, CHRU of Tours, Tours, France, 2Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthineers, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Pediatric Radiology, CHRU of Tours, Tours, Switzerland, 5Neuroradiology, CHRU of Tours, Tours, France |
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Antenatal and mostly post-natal periods are crucial for brain development, characterized by volume increase, brain maturation, neuronal proliferation, neural migration, and myelination. Head circumference is a reliable clinical assessment of brain volume, correlated with neurodevelopmental outcomes (psychomotor and cognitive development). Particularly in young children, it is a fast and inexpensive tool for brain growth follow-up. Complementarily, brain MRI is becoming more frequently used as a first-line examination for suspected brain development abnormality. In this work, we evaluate the potential of an automated MP2RAGE-based brain volumetry method to objectively support radiologists to better assess brain physiological and pathological cerebral growth. |
| 2626 | Computer 153
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Sex differences in structural variability of brain regions in development and young adults |
1CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Increased variability of brain metrics is suggested to relate to increased vulnerability for psychiatric disorders. Here we investigate sex differences in variability of brain structure (global and subcortical volume, regional cortical thickness and surface area) in young adults (n=1,032, 22-35 years, Human Connectome Project [HCP]) and through development (n=1,347, 8-21 years, Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort [PNC]). Both volume and surface area were observed to be generally more variable in males compared to females in both development and adulthood. This increased variability may relate to the elevated vulnerability for psychiatric disorders seen in males compared to females. |
| 2627 | Computer 154
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Brain Microstructure Changes in Healthy Aging Revealed by Quantitative Multi-parametric MRI |
1Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 2Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Joint Department of BioMedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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This study aims to reveal the alterations of biologically relevant measurements in healthy aging using multi-parametric quantitative MRI. Multi-parametric quantitative MRI scans of the whole brain were performed in 20 healthy elderly and 21 young adults. Whole-brain voxel-wise analysis showed increased quantitative T1 value in the right hippocampus and right insula, and widespread increases in the subcortical and cortical area of R2*, suggesting microstructural alteration associated with healthy aging in these regions. Quantitative multi-parametric measurements might provide sensitive neuroimaging biomarkers for the microstructure changes during normal aging and related neurodegeneration diseases. |
| 2628 | Computer 155
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Development and evaluation of a 0.5mm isotropic resolution structural template of the older adult brain |
1Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Human brain structural MRI templates with low spatial resolution lack important fine details due to partial volume effects. The purpose of this work was twofold: a) to introduce a novel approach for high-resolution template construction based on principles of super-resolution, and b) using this technique, to develop a high-resolution structural template of the older adult brain based on MRI data from 222 non-demented older adults. |
| 2629 | Computer 156
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Longitudinal tensor-based morphometry in healthy aging |
1Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2NIBIB, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Previous studies of healthy elderly populations combined a longitudinal design with tensor-based morphometry (TBM) and found significant gray matter (GM) atrophy over short time periods. We examined a separate healthy elderly population using a different method to determine if previous results are biologically driven, and investigated the relationship between GM and cognition. We also detected significant GM atrophy, but did not find a link between GM, age, and cognition. Our longitudinal TBM approach is sensitive to subtle, short-term GM changes, but further investigation is necessary to examine the effect of different methodological approaches on the relationship between GM and cognition. |
| 2630 | Computer 157
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A knowledge-based linear registration for brain MRI morphology |
1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 2Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Linear registration is an essential first step for image registration. However, linear registration often fails when the brain shapes, locations, orientations of the target and template images are severely different. To solve this problem, we proposed a knowledge-based approach, in which a large number of MR images were prepared as intermediate images, which were semi-automatically registered to the template a priori to ensure accurate registration. A new target image was first registered to all intermediate images and best intermediate image was selected based on a goodness-of-fit metric. The final transformation was then calculated by combining the pre-determined intermediate-to-target transformation. |
| 2631 | Computer 158
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Evaluating lifespan tissue structure: Comparing CSD signal fraction and VBM grey matter density |
1Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 2University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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Constrained spherical deconvolution (CSD), a recently developed diffusion MRI analysis technique, can be used to obtain whole-brain signal fractions from grey-matter-like, white-matter-like, and CSF-like tissue. This study evaluates the CSF compartment present in grey matter (GM-CSF) over the lifespan, and compares it to grey matter density (GMD), obtained through Voxel Based Morphometry. Results of this study reveal a complimentary relationship between GM-CSF and GMD across the lifespan, but not amongst a younger cohort. Results suggest further research is necessary to understand differences between these techniques, and how they may relate to tissue structure. |
| 2632 | Computer 159
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Characterizing age-related microstructural changes in locus coeruleus and substantia nigra |
1Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 2Department of Psychology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 3Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States |
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Characterization of age-related alterations in composition and morphology of locus coeruleus and substantia nigra pars compacta will aid in the development of new biomarkers and may provide insight in the development of novel interventions to arrest progression of Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease. Imaging these structures with diffusion-weighted images is difficult due to their small stature (locus coeruleus is 1.5 mm in diameter and 15 mm long) and location in the brain stem. In this abstract, we utilize a high resolution diffusion-weighted protocol to examine age-related microstructural changes in locus coeruleus and substantia nigra pars compacta. |
| 2633 | Computer 160
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Microstructural Changes in Human Substantia Nigra with Aging as Revealed by Non-Gaussian Diffusion MRI |
1Center for MR Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Radiology and Neurology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Aging is considered a major factor in the development of neurodegenerative disease. The aging process can result in brain tissue microstructural alterations, particularly in regions relevant to neurodegeneration, such as the substantia nigra (SN). In this study, we employed a non-Gaussian diffusion model – the continuous-time random-walk (CTRW) model – together with a high-resolution diffusion acquisition technique to investigate the possible microstructural changes in the SN in normal aging. Two CTRW model parameters have exhibited significant differences in the SN between young and elderly healthy human subjects. |
| 2634 | Computer 161
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The visualization of the morphology change within depigmented substantia nigra using high field postmortem MRI |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Anatomy, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea, Republic of, 4Department of Forensic Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea, Republic of, 5Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea, Republic of |
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The purpose of this study was to determine the alteration of the morphology in the substantia nigra using MRI with histopathological validation for the patients of atypical Parkinsonism. MR experiments for formalin fixed autopsied brains were operated using a 7T imaging system. Specific visualization of ferric iron and neuromelanin from MR relaxometry was used to identify the neuromelanin distribution within the normal brain and the brain of Perry syndrome. The loss of neuromelanin pigment within the substantia nigra of Perry syndrome was consistently confirmed both from MR relaxometry and from the directly captured picture during the cryo-section. |
| 2635 | Computer 162
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Simultaneous imaging of neuromelanin and nigrosome 1 in substantia nigra using 3D multi-echo gradient echo acquisition with magnetization transfer preparation |
1Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea., Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Radiology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea, Republic of |
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Recently, neuromelanin and |
| 2636 | Computer 163
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Visualization of the Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta: comparison between DANTE T1-SPACE and T1-SPACE |
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 2Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 3Integrated Clinical Education Center, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan, Kyoto, Japan, 4Siemens Healthineers, Portland, OR, United States, 5Siemens Healthineers, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance techniques have been used for depicting neuromelanin-rich structures such as the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). We compared visualization of the SNpc between delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation-prepared T1-weighted variable flip angle turbo spin echo (DANTE T1-SPACE) and T1-SPACE without DANTE pulse (T1-SPACE) in 8 healthy volunteers. DANTE T1-SPACE provided better delineation of the SNpc and showed higher contrast than T1-SPACE. DANTE T1-SPACE may be a viable tool for evaluating the SNpc. |
| 2637 | Computer 164
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Assessment of inter-fractional positional accuracy of anterior visual pathway in a frameless stereotactic radiosurgery using an MR-simulator |
1Medical Physics and Research Department, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong, 2Department of radiotherapy, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong |
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In hypofractionized stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), radiation-induced optic neuropathy (RION) might associate with the local radiation injury to anterior visual pathway (AVP), while the irradiated dose to AVP is much influenced by its positional variation. We for the first time assessed the inter-fractional AVP positional variation in a hypofractionized frameless SRS setting on 13 volunteers using a 1.5T MR-simulator. The results suggested that sub-millimeter AVP positional accuracy could be achieved in the frameless SRS after brain alignment. However, the dose uncertainty in the most anterior optical nerves should be concerned (1.2±2.6 mm positional variability) in a sharp dose gradient of SRS. |
| 2638 | Computer 165
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Visualizing and Characterizing the Habenula with Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
1Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, shanghai, China, 2Magnetic Resonance Innovations, Inc., Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 3Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 4Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States |
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The habenulae are a small pair of nuclei which serve as a hub between the limbic forebrain and midbrain monoameric neurons. It is a target for the treatment of major depressive disorder using deep brain stimulation, which requires precise pre-treatment mapping. We visualized and characterized the habenula using multiple MRI contrasts and maps to quantify its properties and delineate the structure between lateral and medial side. Axially, we observed elevated iron in the posterior aspect, which we believe to be the lateral habenula. Quantitatively, we also noted similarities of the lateral habenula specifically to white matter. |
| 2639 | Computer 166
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Localization of the habenula and stimulating electrodes in pre/post-DBS surgery using MRI |
1Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 2Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States |
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Deep brain stimulation of the lateral habenula is a common approach to treat refractory depression and other psychiatric diseases. It is very important to know the exact position of the habenula before positioning the electrodes. We conducted phantom experiments using a clinical DBS wire to determine the characteristics of the artifacts stemming from the electrodes and also scanned 6 pre/post-DBS patients on a 1.5T scanner. Both T2W TSE and high resolution GRE imaging clearly visualized the electrodes through the geometric distortion artifacts. 3D T1 MPRAGE, T2W TSE and 3D GRE provided a rapid protocol for scanning patients pre/post-DBS treatment. |
| 2640 | Computer 167
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An anatomical atlas for segmentation of thalamic nuclei from conventional 3T MRI |
1Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 2Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States |
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Thalamic nuclei are typically invisible on conventional T1 and T2 MRI. We propose here an anatomical atlas based on 7T White matter nulled MP-RAGE data which can be used for a variety of applications including targeting the VIM nucleus for neurosurgical applications and thalamic nuclear volumetry for tracking disease progression using conventional MRI sequences like MP-RAGE or FLAIR. |
| 2641 | Computer 168
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Biological brain age prediction using structural MRI: Insights from dimensionality reduction techniques |
1Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, 2Montréal Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation (CRIR), Montréal, QC, Canada, 3Graduate Program in Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, 4Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, 5School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada |
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The human brain changes with age and these age-related changes have been used as biomarkers for several brain-related disorders. Therefore, being able to accurately predict the biological age of the brain from T1-weighted MR images yields significant potential for clinical applications. The present study evaluates regression models coupled with dimensionality reduction techniques for biological brain age prediction and concludes that Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) enhances prediction performance of Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) models. The proposed analysis also reveals brain areas that are strongly anti-correlated with age, in agreement with previous aging studies. |
| 2642 | Computer 169
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Volumetric analysis of selected brain regions for multi-parametric diagnostic investigation of atrophic brain diseases - Comparison of different volumetric analysis methods |
1Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany |
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In this study three freeware tools for volumetric image post-processing were compared. The study population was subdivided by age decades. Our results show no major deviations between the selected analytical methods. |
| 2643 | Computer 170
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A Time-Averaged MRI Brain Template for the Infant Rhesus Macaque |
1Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 4Department of Medical Physics, Department of Psychiatry, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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Anatomical templates are extremely prevalent in human brain imaging research, but comparatively rare in non-human primate MRI studies, particularly for the early-developing brain. Utilizing a custom T1-weighted imaging sequence (MPnRAGE), we have constructed a finely-sampled (0.469 mm isotropic), T1-weighted, time-averaged, population template of the infant rhesus macaque brain, generated from 35 rhesus monkeys, scanned at five different time points throughout their first year of life (including 4 scans within the first 6 months). This time-averaged template of the early-developing rhesus macaque brain provides an invaluable anatomical framework for characterizing and assessing early brain development in non-human primates. |
| 2644 | Computer 171
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A novel ex vivo MR imaging template of the Japanese quail to study stress-selected lines. |
1Neurospin, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 2PRC, INRA CNRS IFCE, Nouzilly, France, 3Zooparc Beauval & Beauval Nature, Saint-Aignan, France |
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In neuroscience, birds are becoming interesting animal models to study learning and memory but also response to stress. Nevertheless, bird’s brain organization and physiology suffers from a lack of neuroimaging tools to perform non-invasive and longitudinal investigations. In this study, we proposed a novel brain template of the Japanese quail (Coturnix Japonica), built from twenty animals dedicated to voxel-based morphometry approach. Using these tools we investigate differences in grey matter concentration (GMC) between two divergent lines of quails selected from their response to fear. Our results report structural differences between the both quail lineages within cognitives, motivational and motor systems. |
| 2645 | Computer 172
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High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Juvenile Minke Whale Brain at 7T |
1Translational & Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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The brain of a 15-foot juvenile brain that washed ashore in the Bronx, New York City was scanned using a 7T whole-body MRI scanner. After fixation in PBS solution and vacuum removal of air pockets, the specimen was scanned using a battery of high-resolution anatomical MRI sequences, including T1-weighted MP2RAGE, 3D MERGE, Proton Density weighted imaging, T2-weighted FLAIR imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging. Post-processing included brain masking to alleviate bright background from the PBS solution in most imaging modalities. Anatomical imaging from three high resolution datasets is presented along with a 3D reconstruction generated by volumetric projection of data segmented using the FreeSurfer 6 algorithm. |
| 2646 | Computer 173
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A high-resolution MRI template for adult Beagle dog |
1State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 3State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 4CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 5Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell, Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China |
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High-resolution T1w and T2w templates from 10 male adult purebred beagles were created in this study. According to the tissue probability map, descriptive statistics of brain tissue volumes and brain sizes exhibit our template with smaller variance. Significant correlation between brain size from dorsal to ventral and gray matter volume was found. This high-resolution purebred canine brain template lays the foundation for further studies aimed at in-vivo analysis of the development of canine brain anatomy and function. |
| 2647 | Computer 174
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An MRI-Derived Neuroanatomical Atlas of the Fischer 344 Rat Brain |
1Dept. of Neuroscience, McGill, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, McGill, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Centre d'Imagerie Cérébrale, McGill, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Dept. of Psychiatry, McGill, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States |
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Neuroscientific research involving preclinical rodent models often requires the ability to precisely identify anatomical brain regions. This project reports the development of a high-resolution MRI atlas of the Fischer 344 adult rat. The atlas is composed of 98 manually delineated structures through 256 coronal slices. The atlas was developed using 41 adult Fischer 344 rats to generate a co-registered average brain. The template was segmented by intensity contrast in conjunction with the Paxinos and Watson paper atlas. This atlas is intended to be a resource for researchers working with Fischer 344 rats and is provided open-access in MINC2.0 and NIfTI. |
| 2648 | Computer 175
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High resolution diffusion magnetic resonance imaging based atlas of the C57BL/6J adult mouse brain: a tool for examining mouse brain structures |
1Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 3Bernard & Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, New York, NY, United States, 4Preclinical Imaging Center, New york, NY, United States |
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Mouse models have been widely used in the neuroscience research to evaluate brain development, micro-structural and functional phenotypes in response to gene mutations and neurological diseases which require a baseline for comparison, such as an atlas. Where existing atlases vary in contrast mechanisms, number of structures and resolution, very few reports detailed neuroanatomical parcellations based on diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. This study was therefore aimed to develop high resolution diffusion MR-based mouse brain atlas database with thorough labels for cortical and subcortical structures compatible with the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas (AMBA) which will be freely available to the research community. |
| 2649 | Computer 1
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High resolution MRI in Diagnosis of Cerebral Arterial Thrombosis |
1Taishan Medical University, Tai＇an, China, 2Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China, 3MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of CUBE MRI for high resolution imaging in the detection of intraluminal thrombi in acute stroke patients. The T1-weighted CUBE images showed dark blood signal in arteries and high signal or iso-signal filling in the lumen. In our study, the sensitivity of T1 weighted CUBE in the detection of intraluminal thrombi reached 100% and the corresponding area under curve(AUC) value was higher than SWI. We therefore demonstrated that the T1-weighted CUBE MRI can effectively help to diagnosis the intraluminal thrombi. |
| 2650 | Computer 2
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Functional and Microstructural Changes in the Brain After Carotid Endarterectomy |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 2Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 3Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 4Vascular Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States |
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Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for clinically asymptomatic patients has been shown effective in reducing stroke risk. The impact that CEA has on functional connectivity or microstructure in the brain has not been studied. 14 clinically asymptomatic underwent resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI), diffusion MRI (dMRI), and neurocognitive testing pre-operatively and 4-6 months post-operatively. Functional correlation analysis on rs-fMRI was performed by analyzing the average within network correlations. Apparent fiber density calculations were performed to assess the microstructural changes before and after surgery. RS-fMRI and dMRI analysis showed changes before and after CEA. |
| 2651 | Computer 3
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Deep Learning Augmented Cerebral Blood Flow Measurement Using Arterial Spin Labeling Technique in Moyamoya Disease Before and After Direct Bypass Surgery |
1Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 2Medical Imaging, Shuan-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, 3Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan, 4Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States |
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We used single-delayed (SD) pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL), multi-delay (MD) ASL and a new, synthesized (Synth) ASL to longitudinally monitor cerebral blood flow (CBF) before and after direct bypass surgery in Moyamoya disease. The Synth-ASL was generated from a deep convolutional neural network, previously trained on a simultaneous [15O]-water PET/MRI dataset to generate a PET-like CBF map from MRI inputs. The Synth-ASL demonstrated a more homogenous CBF change across the brain and significantly greater CBF increase globally and regionally than SD-ASL and MD-ASL after surgery. Synth-ASL reduces bias in long arterial delay and measurement noise, and may enable robust CBF imaging follow-up in cerebrovascular patients. |
| 2652 | Computer 4
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HIV-Associated Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Measured by Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping |
1University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States, 2Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States |
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HIV-infected older individuals are at increased risk of developing cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) can be used to asses tissue susceptibility, which can be a measure of CSVD. CSVD tends to occur more frequently in HIV-positive individuals. Limited information in the literature is available on HIV-associated changes in brain tissue susceptibility. In this abstract, we seek to discover relationships between HIV and QSM measures. Brain segmentation and region-based statistics were performed to discover region-based links between HIV and QSM measures and cardiovascular risk factors. |
| 2653 | Computer 5
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A multi-site round robin assessment of ASL using a perfusion phantom |
1Gold Standard Phantoms Limited, London, United Kingdom, 2Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 4Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 5Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, 6Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 7Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany, 8Kate Gleason College of Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States, 9Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 10Donders Institute For Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 11Dept. of Imaging & Pathology, Translational MRI, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium, 12Medical Imaging Center (MIC), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands, 13C.J. Gorter Center for high field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 14Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Arterial Spin Labelling shows great promise for perfusion measurements; however, despite numerous volunteer reproducibility studies, comparisons have not been made using a phantom to establish differences due to the acquisition hardware and pulse sequences. We present data from a multi-site study using a perfusion phantom, targeting 3T MRI systems from a single vendor running the same software version. |
| 2654 | Computer 6
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Test-retest Reproducibility and associations with cognitive impairment of 3D PCASL in Elderly Subjects at Risk of Small Vessel Disease |
1USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine at USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Neurology, Keck School of Medicine at USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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We assessed the reproducibility 3D pCASL in an elderly cohort with risk for small vessel disease and its associations with clinical assessments and vascular risk factors. We found a high test-retest reproducibility of regional CBF and an association of subcortical MCA perfusion territories of the lenticulostriate arteries with cognition and vascular risks. Hence, 3D pCASL perfusion in MCA perfusion territory might be a potential imaging marker to identify early small vessel changes related to vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. |
| 2655 | Computer 7
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The value of high-resolution magnetic resonance vascular wall imaging in the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system vasculitis |
1Taishan Medical University, Jinan, China, 2Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China, 3GE Healthcare, MR Research, Beijing, China |
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Three-dimensional (3D) CUBE MRI for high-resolution vascular wall imaging can reveal the morphological characteristics of vessel wall. To investigate its feasibility in the diagnosis of central nervous system vasculitis, we applied the contrast-enhanced 3D T1-weighted CUBE imaging in the patients with vasculitis. We found significant alterations of the vessel wall imaging in signal-to-noise-ratio and contrast-to-noise-ratio before and after clinical treatment. With these, we can demonstrate that 3D CUBE MRI can effectively help to diagnose the central nervous system vasculitis and evaluate the treatment effect. |
| 2656 | Computer 8
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A test-retest multi-site reproducibility study of 4D flow MRI on neurovascular system |
1GE Healthcare China, Beijing, China, 2Center for Medical Device Evaluation, NMPA, Beijing, China |
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4D flow MRI shows great potential in neurovascular disorders such as stenosis, atherosclerotic disease, aneurysms, and vascular malformations. Its widespread application in neurovascular system requires evidence of good test-retest multi-center reproducibility. The purpose of this study is to assess the multi-center reproducibility and test-retest reliability of 4D flow MRI in measurements of cerebral blood flow/velocity in main intracranial vessels. As a result, high multi-center reproducibility and test-retest reliability was shown for 4D flow MRI in the measurements of blood flow and peak velocity of main intracranial vessels for healthy volunteers. |
| 2657 | Computer 9
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Evaluation of image quality of pituitary dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI using TWIST and IT-TWIST. |
1Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 2Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan |
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To compare the image quality of pituitary dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI using TWIST and iterative reconstruction TWIST (IT-TWIST). IT-TWIST images were created from the identical rawdata of TWIST. ROI analyses were conducted to evaluate enhancement slope in PS, PL, bilateral cavernous sinus (CS) in enhancement slope map. Four ROIs were applied to temporal SD map as an indicator of temporal noise to evaluate image noise. Enhancement slope of all ROIs but PS was significantly higher in IT-TWIST than that in TWIST. Temporal noise in IT-TWIST was significantly less than that in TWIST in all ROIs. |
| 2658
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Computer 10
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Imaging the Cerebral Vasculature Using Ferumoxytol Enhanced Susceptibility Weighted Imaging and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping at 3T |
1Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 2The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 3Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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Imaging the major arteries in the brain is straightforward using MR angiography either with or without a contrast agent. However, imaging vessels at the 250μm level is challenging and imaging vessels at the 50μm to 100μm level is essentially impossible even with high field systems. One potential approach to bring them to life is using an iron-based contrast agent to enhance SWI. In this work, we extend the use of Ferumoxytol to image the small cerebral arteries and veins to 3T and show that within a reasonable scanning time, one can obtain superb images of the vasculature of the brain. |
| 2659 | Computer 11
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Comparison of the BOLD-evoked response to hypercapnic challenge in mice anesthetized under isoflurane and dexmedetomidine. |
1Integrated Program in Neuroscience, Mcgill university, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Department of Psychiatry, Mcgill university, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5Biological & Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Small animal functional magnetic resonance imaging has great potential in a range of basic neuroscientific applications. To maintain stable experimental conditions, animals are usually anesthetized during acquisition. However, anesthesia regimes influence neural activity through their influence on neurovascular coupling. To investigate these mechanisms, we compared the BOLD response following hypercapnia in mice anesthetized under isoflurane or dexmedetomidine. We found that the impact of hypercapnia is much more potent in animals anesthetized under dexmedetomidine, but that FC is much stronger under isoflurane, suggesting that this response does not predict a more pronounced reduction in FC as a consequence of anesthesia. |
| 2660 | Computer 12
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Synthetic MR Angiography: A Feasibility Study of MR Angiography based on 3D Synthetic MRI |
1Department of Radiology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 3Milliman Inc., Tokyo, Japan |
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Quantitative synthetic MRI allows |
| 2661 | Computer 13
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Assessment of cerebral pulsatility using high temporal-resolution MRI |
1Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Stroke Prevention Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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High frequency resting state BOLD MRI (rs-fMRI, TR=0.43s) detects effects of blood flow pulsatility on the cerebrovasculature, but no systematic comparison of analysis methods has been performed. In ten healthy subjects, we compared three pulsatility quantification methods (iterative GLM, mean-squared coherence (MSC), number of standard deviations (nSD)), with or without external physiological measurements. MSC detected the greatest proportion of voxels with significant pulsatility, but iGLM analysis was the most specific method, identified greater normalised pulsatility magnitude in arteries, and was the only approach that produced similar estimates of pulsatility magnitude and extent independently of external physiological data. |
| 2662 | Computer 14
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High-resolution Brain 3D-TOF MRA of Critical Fine Branches from Major Trunks Using Deep Learning Reconstruction and High-gradient Magnetic Field |
1Radiology, Korin University Faculty of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan, 2Radiology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan, 3Radiology, Korin University Hospital, Mitaka, Japan |
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Problem Using a 3-T MRI scanner with a high gradient magnetic field (100mT/m), we evaluated the depiction of the intracranial fine branches on high-resolution 3D-TOF MRA (HR-TOF). We also assessed whether depiction can be improved by deep learning reconstruction (DLR). Methods Ten healthy volunteers were imaged by HR-TOF with DLR, and the sharpness of origin and the overall depiction of branches were assessed. Results SNR, the sharpness of the origin and the overall depiction of branches were superior in HR-TOF with DLR. Conclusion HR-TOF can well depict fine branches from major trunks. By performing DLR processing, depiction can be improved. |
| 2663 | Computer 15
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Optimization of a new accelerated time-of-flight Brain MR angiography using spiral data acquisition: Spiral MRA |
1Department of Radiological Services, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan, 3Philips Electronics Japan, Tokyo, Japan |
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Spiral MRA is a new accelerated time-of-flight MR angiography (TOF MRA) with spiral data acquisition, which acquires MR data by traveling through k-space with spirals. Acquisition window (AW) is a new parameter, which indicates the degree of under-sampling related to image quality and acquisition time. In this study, suitable flip angle (FA) and AW for Spiral MRA was evaluated by a 5-point scale and signal profile analysis. In conclusion, the suitable FA was 25° to demonstrate each artery and suppress the background signals. AW should be set to 10 or less to avoid vessel blurring. |
| 2664 | Computer 16
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A new accelerated time-of-flight Brain MR angiography (Spiral MRA) with a combination technique of spiral acquisition and fat suppression: ProSet |
1Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan, 2Philips Electronics Japan, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan |
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Spiral MRA is a new accelerated time-of-flight MR angiography (TOF-MRA), the k space is filled with data in a spiral trajectory on the frequency and phase encoding directions. In this study, the effect of TONE and ProSet on Spiral MRA was evaluated by comparing image quality between Spiral MRA and conventional TOF-MRA. As the result, TONE was rarely effective on Spiral MRA, and Spiral MRA with ProSet provided high quality images, and reduced the acquisition time by approximately 70%, compared to conventional TOF-MRA with ProSet. In conclusion, Spiral MRA with ProSet is a useful, accelerated technique without image quality deterioration. |
| 2665 | Computer 17
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Dual Coil Continuous ASL of the human brain at 9.4 T |
1Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany, 2Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany |
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Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) is expected to profit highly from ultra high magnetic fields because of the high SNR and the long longitudinal relaxation time. Here we show first images from dual coil continuous ASL measurements in the human brain at 9.4 T. A separate transmit channel was established to feed two small labeling coils placed at the neck. A power limiter was used to ensure subject safety. First images show strong perfusion contrast and high SNR. |
| 2666 | Computer 18
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Measure Cerebral Microstructure Alterations in SVD and BVD Using Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging and Investigate the Correlation with Cognitive Impairment |
1The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China, 2GE Healthcare, China, Beijing, China |
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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is one of the most popular diffusion MRI methods in the study of ageing. Diffusion kurtosis imaging, which is a recent novel extension of DTI to provide additional metrics quantifying non-Gaussianity of water diffusion in brain tissues, was applied throughout the study. We investigated diffusional alternations arising from brain small vessel disease, and compared results with age and educational level-matched big vessel disease and healthy controls. We also investigated the correlation between these diseases and cognitive impairment. |
| 2667 | Computer 19
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Super selective arterial spin labeling technique in the assessment of blood supply from external carotid artery in Moyamoya Disease: comparison with digital subtraction angiography |
1Radiology Department, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 2MR Research, GE Healthcare, China, Beijing, China |
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Super selective arterial spin labeling (ssASL) is a MR territory perfusion technique based on arterial spin labeling. The efficacy of this technique to demonstrate the blood supply of external carotid artery (ECA) into the brain has not been studied. This study demonstrated ssASL was in good agreement with DSA, the gold standard for cerebral vessels, in the evaluation of preoperative ECA collaterals, superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery bypass and synangiosis-induced vessels in Moyamoya disease. |
| 2668 | Computer 20
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Correlation of cerebrovascular reserve assessed by acetazolamide-stress SPECT with collaterals on arterial spin-labeling MRI in patients with carotid occlusive disease |
1Seoul Veterans Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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We evaluated the correlation between cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) on acetazolamide (ACZ) -stress SPECT brain scans and collaterals on ASL MRI in ICA stenosis. 86 patients with ICA stenosis (>70%) were enrolled in this study. On ASL, late-arriving flow appears as serpiginous high ASL signal within cortical vessels, which has been termed arterial transit artifact (ATA). 82/86 ICA stenosis patients underwent SPECT imagings with Tc-99m-ECD in the resting and after ACZ challenge. Significant positive relationship was observed between normal CVR group and ATA showing group in ICA stenosis patients on ASL brain perfusion (p=0.035, chi-square test). |
| 2669 | Computer 21
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MRI Evaluation of Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
1Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic disorder caused by intermittent obstruction of the upper airways during sleep. OSA patients are prone to cardiovascular disease and stroke. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is an index to assess the degree of impairment of cerebrovascular regulation. Here, a breath-hold index (BHI) was introduced as a surrogate for CVR to evaluate subjects with OSA and their controls. Preliminary results from an ongoing study found BHI to be significantly elevated in OSA for both BOLD based regional, and global CBF. The results agree with a recent MRI-based CVR study using an exogenously administered hypercapnia stimulus. |
| 2670 | Computer 22
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Changes to Blood-Brain Barrier Water Permeability After CPAP Treatment in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
1Radiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 3Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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In patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), intermittent ischemia and re-oxygenation leads to disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. In this study changes in BBB water permeability parameters, water extraction fraction (Ew) and water permeability surface area product (PSw), in patients with OSA before and after 8-weeks of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment were investigated using the recently developed Intrinsic Diffusivity Encoding of Arterial Labeled Spins (IDEALS) technique. Compared to healthy controls, OSA patients exhibited lower CBF, PSw and Ew before CPAP. After 8-weeks of CPAP, patients showed increased CBF, PSw and Ew demonstrating the improvement of BBB integrity. |
| 2671 | Computer 23
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4D Flow MRI Analysis of Cerebral Blood Flow Before and After The Superficial Temporal Artery to Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass Surgery for Atherosclerotic Disease |
1Radiology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan, 2Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan, 3Radiology, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan, 4Philips Electronics Japan Ltd, Tokyo, Japan |
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The purpose of this study was to clarify the change in the hemodynamics after superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass surgery using 4D Flow MRI. We enrolled 20 patients who underwent 4D Flow MRI preoperatively and 3 weeks after the surgery. The blood flow volume (BFV) of ipsilateral STA and ipsilateral ICA significantly increased after the surgery (0.53±0.22 vs. 1.78±0.54 ml/sec (p< 0.001); 2.37±5.09 vs. 1.82±3.42 ml/sec (p=0.03)). |
| 2672 | Computer 24
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Validation of zTE MRA in the characterization of cerebrovascular diseases: a feasibility study |
1Department of Radiology, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou, China, 2MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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In this study, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of zero echo time magnetic resonance angiography (zTE-MRA) in the characterization of cerebrovascular diseases. Comparing with the time of flight (TOF) MRA, zTE-MRA showed more robust performance in depicting cerebrovascular diseases with dramatically reduced acoustic noise, higher signal homogeneity, less venous signal/artifact and higher inter-modality agreement and correlation with computed tomography angiography (CTA). We therefore demonstrated that zTE MRA could be a promising technique and further applied routinely in the clinic for patients with cerebrovascular diseases. |
| 2673 | Computer 25
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Estimating hemodynamic response functions using motor task and resting-state EEG-fMRI data acquired during wakefulness with eyes open |
1Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Graduate Program in Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3School of Physical And Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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In this work, we quantify the fMRI hemodynamic response function (HRF) using task-based (motor) and resting-state EEG-fMRI. We developed a methodology that does not require any assumptions regarding the HRF shape or the relative contribution of different EEG spectral bands to obtain region-specific estimates of the HRF. During the motor task, the EEG β-band was found to have a more pronounced contribution to BOLD variations compared to other bands, and the HRF was mainly negative due to β-band desynchronization and post-movement β-rebound. During resting-state, the contribution of different EEG bands and the HRF estimates varied between subjects, possibly due to low SNR and differences in the subjects’ brain state. |
| 2674 | Computer 26
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Cortical structure mediates the effect of childhood maltreatment on depression relapse during longitudinal follow-up |
1Institute of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, 2Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, 3Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, 4Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, 5Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia |
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Childhood maltreatment is a strong risk factor for the onset of major depressive disorder (MDD) and associated with unfavorable course of the disease. Both, maltreatment and MDD have been independently associated with structural alterations in partly overlapping brain regions suggesting that brain structural changes could mediate the adverse influence of maltreatment on clinical outcome in MDD. In this study the relationship between childhood trauma, brain structural alterations and adverse disease course was investigated in a longitudinal design. Our results suggest that cortical surface area reductions might mediate the prospective association between early life stress and future depression relapse. |
| 2675 | Computer 27
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Evidence for an association between low-grade peripheral inflammation and brain structural alterations in major depression |
1Institute of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, 2Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, 3Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia, 4Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, 5Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, 6Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia |
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Preliminary research suggests that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with structural alterations of brain regions relevant for emotion regulation and associated with low-grade peripheral inflammation as indicated by high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) serum levels. This association between structural brain alterations and low-grade inflammation as potentially interrelated biological correlates of MDD was investigated. In MDD patients, but not healthy controls, prefrontal gray matter volume reductions were significantly associated with higher hsCRP levels. |
| 2676 | Computer 28
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Abnormal functional connectivity of ACC sub-regions in patients with major depressive disorders |
1Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 2Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 3Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China, 4Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 5Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China |
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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental disorder characterized by cognitive and affective deficits. Prior works indicated that anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is related to high-level cognitive and emotion process, which is also thought to be pivotal to depression. Here, we examined the resting FC of ACC sub-regions in fist-episode MDD patients. The current results revealed reduced ACC sub-regional FC with IPL and SPL while increased FC was found in dmPFC. Additionally, FC with IPL also negatively correlated with symptom severity (HDRS), indicating that depression may disrupt the normal interactions within the DMN. These findings on alteration of ACC sub-regional FC may contribute to the comprehension in pathophysiology of MDD. |
| 2677 | Computer 29
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Structural MRI at 7T reveals amygdala nuclei and hippocampal subfield volumetric association with Major Depressive Disorder symptom severity |
1Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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Subcortical volumetric changes in MDD have been purported to underlie the symptoms of MDD, however, the evidence to date remains inconsistent. Here, we investigated the relationship between structural limbic brain measurements and MDD symptomology through high-resolution segmentation of the amygdala and hippocampus. We report the novel finding that MDD severity is consistently negatively associated with amygdala nuclei, linking volumetric reductions with worsening depressive symptoms. |
| 2678 | Computer 30
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Anomalous functional connectivity in subregional amygdala networks in major depressive disorder |
1Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center (HMRRC), Chengdu, China |
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The LB, CM, SF and Astr are four main subregions of the amygdala. In this study, we use seed-based functional connectivity method to determine amygdala network dysfunction in MDD. Compared with HC, patients with major depressive disorder showed hypoconncetivity in AStr/LB- OFC circuits, in CM /SF-brainstem/cerebellum circuits and in AStr/CM/SF-thalamus/striatum circuits. These dysfunction in amygdala networks may modulate different emotional and cognitive function in derpession. |
| 2679
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Computer 31
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Abnormal Blood-Brain Barrier Water Permeability in Major Depressive Disorder |
1Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 3Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 4Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption may be the key mechanism leading to neuronal dysfunction and neuroinflammation in major depressive disorder (MDD). Active pathways account for a large portion of trans-membrane water exchange, providing a link between BBB water permeability and metabolism. In this study alterations in BBB water permeability parameters, water extraction fraction (Ew) and water permeability surface area product (PSw), in patients with MDD were investigated using the recently developed Intrinsic Diffusivity Encoding of Arterial Labeled Spins (IDEALS) technique. Compared to healthy subjects, MDD patients exhibited significantly lower PSw and Ew with no differences in cerebral blood flow. |
| 2680 | Computer 32
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Investigation of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease induced Depression using Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging - A preliminary Region-specific Study |
1Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (Jingxi Campus), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 2Department of Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (Jingxi Campus), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 4MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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This abstract presents a preliminary study of cerebral small vessel disease induced depression using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). Different DKI-derived parameters in specific brain structures were compared between depression and non-depression groups, as well as between anxiety and non-anxiety groups. The correlation between DTI- and DKI-derived parameters and clinical scores were also investigated. |
| 2681 | Computer 33
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7 Tesla Phase Sensitive Imaging of Brain Regions with Metabolic Alterations in Major Depressive Disorder |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2UCSF, San Franciwsco, CA, United States, 3Psychiatry, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Ultra high-field phase sensitive imaging can help elucidate subtle changes in brain iron content. Recent research implicates brain iron deposition in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Our previous work involving MDD patients detected symptom-related metabolic alterations in deep brain structures and anterior cingulate cortex. In our current analysis, we apply 7T phase sensitive imaging in these same brain regions to evaluate the role of iron accumulation in neurocognitive and depressive symptoms in this vulnerable population. |
| 2682 | Computer 34
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Relationship Between Gray Matter Volume Reductions and TPH1 Polymorphisms in Depressive Disorder Patients with Suicidal Attempts |
1Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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To investigate relationship between gray matter volume (GMV) changes and TPH1 polymorphisms in depressive disorder (DD) patients with suicidal attempts (SA), 13 DD-SA patients and 20 healthy controls were scanned three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted image to obtain GMV in the brain. In addition, TPH1 rs1800532 and rs1799913 polymorphisms were obtained. The patients showed significant GMV reduction. The right precentral and postcentral gyri GMV values of AA and CA genotypes patients were significantly decreased compared to those of CC genotype subjects, indicating that both GMV reductions and TPH1 A allele may be involved in the pathogenesis of DD-SA patients. |
| 2683 | Computer 35
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Alterations of White Matter Tracts in Suicidal and Non-suicidal Brain with Major Depressive Disorder |
1Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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We investigated the white matter alterations at the individual level in MDD patients with and without suicide attempts using Automated Fiber Quantification (AFQ) approach. The three major left hemispheric white matter tracts including arcuate, CST and ATR suggested to play an important role in suicidal brain, which implies deficits of dominant hemisphere specialization with cognitive processes such as reading, writing and speaking. Our study contributes to revealing neurobiological mechanism of suicide attempts. |
| 2684 | Computer 36
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Study of gender differences in major depressive disorder by using resting state brain functional magnetic resonance imaging |
1Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China |
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Sex differences are observed in epidemiological and clinical symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD); yet, little is known about about the gender difference of brain function in MDD. In this work, variance analysis were used to assess the sex differences of amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) alterations in male, female MDD patients and matched controls. We found the gender differences of ALFF in bilateral caudate nucleus and posterior cingulate gyrus. Our findings suggest that sex specific functional alterations existed in MDD, and these alterations may associated with the clinical symptoms. |
| 2685 | Computer 37
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Structural brain abnormalities in MDD patients with suicide： A DARTEL-enhanced voxel-based morphometry study |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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We performed a VBM analysis with DARTEL to analysis the different structure in healthy controls, MDD patients with or without suicidal actors. The result shows suicidal patients had reduced GMV than patient controls in precuneus/cuneus, anterior cingulate cortex and orbital frontal gyrus. Particularly, we found suicidal ideators have reduced GMV in middle frontal gyrus compared to suicidal attempters. Negative correlation was found between clinical characters and volume of some regions. The dysfunction of self-awareness, emotional processing and impulsivity control function caused by the abnormalities of these brain regions may be associated suicidal behavior. |
| 2686 | Computer 38
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Hippocampus-related regional and network functional deficits in first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder: a resting-state functional MRI study |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, Chengdu, China |
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Previous neuroimaging studies have suggested that major depressive disorder (MDD) may be correlated with changes in regional- or network-level brain function. The purposes of the present study were to investigate changes of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and functional connectivity (FC) in bilateral hippocampus by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) in first-episode drug-naive major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. Our findings demonstrate that the hippocampus and dACC contribute to the underlying pathophysiology of MDD at an early-stage. |
| 2687 | Computer 39
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The Importance of Identifying Functional Val158Met Polymorphism in Catechol-O- Methyltransferase (COMT) when Assessing MRI-based Volumetric Measurements in Major Depressive Disorder |
1Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 2Psychiatry, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 3Radiology, Stony Brook Radiology, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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Using voxel-based morphology we investigated the relationship between COMT gene polymorphism and volumetric abnormalities in major depressive disorder patients and healthy controls. A significant difference in the right hippocampus (p=0.015) was found between the interaction of diagnosis and genotype, which suggests that COMT polymorphism must be considered during any volumetric analysis for depression. |
| 2688 | Computer 40
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Differences in Brain Microstructural Alterations between Bipolar and Major Depression Revealed by Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging |
1Hokkaido University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Sapporo, Japan, 2Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan, 3Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan, 4Department of Radiation Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan |
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This prospective study evaluated if bipolar and major depression patients had microstructural brain alterations detectable on DKI. The results showed significant alterations in these patients, of which some clusters correlated with clinical symptoms. Mean kurtosis also differed significantly between the two groups. |
| 2689 | Computer 41
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Studying disease-related brain alterations in bipolar disorder with combined analysis of DKI and VBM |
1Department of Radiology, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Radiology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan, 3Department of Neuropsychiatry, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 4Department of Radiology, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan |
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Brain abnormalities in bipolar disorder were investigated with diffusion kurtosis imaging and voxel-based morphometry, using a framework for data-driven feature extraction from multivariate data. The result showed two components capturing effect of diagnosis, and these were driven by diffusion kurtosis measures in the white matter including the prefrontal-striatal-thalamic pathways, cerebellum, and medial temporal lobes. Our results indicate diffusion kurtosis imaging can provide unique information that is sensitive to the abnormalities in bipolar disorder, and that interrelationship among different measures is a promising avenue to study neuronal circuits relevant to the disease. |
| 2690 | Computer 42
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Altered white matter microstructure correlates with cognitive functions in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder |
1Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 4Baylor College of Medicine-Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States, 5Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Cognitive impairments and white matter (WM) microstructural alterations have been found in subjects with bipolar disorder (BD). However, the relationship between WM microstructural alterations and impulsivity, a prominent cognitive trait, in children/adolescents with BD is not known. In this study, diffusion MRI and cognitive assessments were obtained from 19 children/adolescents diagnosed with BD and 23 age-matched healthy controls. We found increased radial diffusivity(RD), reflecting disrupted myelin, in major WM tracts such as corpus callosum. Significant correlation between RD in WM tracts regulating impulsivity and response time to affective words was found, suggesting the association between WM myelin disruption and impulsivity. |
| 2691 | Computer 43
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Individual Prediction of Symptomatic Converters in Youth Offspring of Bipolar Parents Using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States |
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Whether the neurochemicals are associated with the vulnerability of bipolar disorder has not been studied before, findings of which may extend our understanding of neurobiological factors associated with the pathogenesis. In this study, a cohort of bipolar offsprings were enrolled and later divided into two symptomatic (converters) and healthy bipolar offspring (non-converters). Baseline MRS data was obtained and examined in predicting the disorder conversion. The measures of mI, Cr and Cho in the left VLPFC achieved the highest prediction accuracy, which indicated that some specific neurochemicals are associated with the vulnerability of bipolar disorder. |
| 2692 | Computer 44
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Altered functional connectivity and spectroscopic metabolites related to treatment response in adolescents with bipolar disorder |
1Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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The reason for the inconsistency of bipolar disorder (BD) patients’ brain functional status and metabolic levels of treatment response is still not clear. This task-based fMRI study was carried out to figure out the relationship between medication treatment and brain status in function and metabolites. By analyzing functional connectivity and correlating metabolic markers in treatment response and no response BD patients, we found medication can affect the brain functional status and metabolic level in BD patients, and precentral gyrus is a key region during BD illness course. |
| 2693 | Computer 45
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Exploring White Matter Functional Networks at Rest in Boys with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Using Clustering Analysis and Tractography |
1Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Chile |
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In current study, we identified nine white matter functional networks and their relations to structural white matter fibers identified by DTI. Sensorimotor network and dorsal attention network, which show good spatial correspondence with specific anatomical tracts, present higher amplitude in ADHD. Our results uncover the altered intrinsic functional organization of white matter in ADHD, and indicate that changes in neural activity are encoded in BOLD variations within white matter. |
| 2694 | Computer 46
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Stronger small-worldizition of structural networks in drug-naïve children and adolescents with ADHD：A graph theory analysis |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States |
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Structural connectomes of patients with ADHD showed a shift toward “stronger small-worldization” which provided a structural basis for higher rates of information transfer in this disorder. These global network alterations, together with increased connectivity within and among DMN and task-positive networks including FPN, DAN and VAN, could lead to disruptions of attention and goal-oriented behavior that are the primary clinical hallmarks of ADHD. |
| 2695 | Computer 47
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Association of explicit memory dysfunction with regional brain volume alterations in patients with generalized anxiety disorder |
1National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of |
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Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) causes emotional dysregulations and/or cognitive deficits, including excessive anger, impairments of explicit and implicit memories and poor attention. A DARTEL-based voxel-based morphometry (VBM) study for assessing the relationship between morphometric abnormalities and explicit memory dysfunction in patients with GAD has not yet been reported. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the regional gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volume alterations over the whole brain in patients with GAD, as well as the correlation between the brain structural abnormality and explicit memory dysfunction. Our findings would be helpful to understand the association between the brain structure abnormality and the functional deficit in the explicit memory in GAD. |
| 2696 | Computer 48
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Brain regional connectome-wide search identified a resting-state functional connectivity locus within precunes associated with rumination symptom severity in mood and anxiety disorders |
1Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States, 2Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan, 3Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK, United States, 4Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States |
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We identified a precise locus within the precuneus that has resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) associated with rumination symptom severity for mood and anxiety (MA) disorder patients. We devised brain regional connectome-wide association analysis, which used multivariate distance matrix regression for searching voxels with connectivity correlated with the Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS) within the posterior cingulate cortex and the precuneus. The analysis identified voxels in the precuneus having rsFC significantly associated with RRS. Functional connectivity between the precuneus and bilateral temporoparietal junction (TPJ) had a significant positive correlation with RRS in MA patients but not in the healthy participants. |
| 2697 | Computer 49
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Age-related alteration in topological efficiency of structural network in children with autism aged 2-7 years |
1Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Relatively flat white matter (WM) microstructural changes have been found in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) aged 2-7 years yet faster WM microstructural maturation in typically developing (TD) children were observed. In this study, we further investigated the WM structural networks in children with ASD and TD children using diffusion MRI tractography and graph-theory-based analysis. Higher global and local topological efficiencies were found in the ASD. Similar to age-related WM microstructural maturation pattern, the global, local and nodal efficiencies established with structural network increase significantly faster in TD children than those in children with ASD. |
| 2698 | Computer 50
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Functional and Structural Abnormality in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder Combined VBM and FC Analysis |
1Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China |
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We combined voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis to identify functional and structural characteristics in patients with alcohol use disorder using high resolution T1-weighted structure images and functional MRI. AUD group showed significantly decreased gray matter volume mainly in the default mode network, and decreased FC in the default mode network and executive control network when compared with the HC group. Combining VBM and FC provides a new perspective on the pathophysiological and clinical manifestations in AUD patients. |
| 2699 | Computer 51
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Along-tract statistics of NODDI diffusion metrics to enhance MR tractography quantitative analysis in healthy controls and in patients with glioma |
1Neuroradiology Unit and CERMAC, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 2Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy, 3Unit of Oncological Neurosurgery, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (MI), Italy |
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Along-tract statistical extraction of quantitative diffusion metrics is crucial to unravel the variability of these parameters within white matter fiber bundles. Here for the first time we extracted NODDI-derived microstructural diffusion estimates along the main eloquent fiber tracts in fifteen healthy subjects and in a pilot cohort of glioma patients. We constructed a robust reference database of normative along-tract microstructural values to describe the anatomical variability of NODDI metrics within tracts and to localize and quantify differences in pathological cases. Normal and pathological conditions can be statistically compared between-groups, as well as at the single-subject level. |
| 2700 | Computer 52
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Evaluation of Compressed SENSE in Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping |
1Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan, 2Department of Radiology, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan, 3MR Clinical Science, Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 4Department of Advanced Diagnostic Imaging, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan |
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Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) is reportedly useful for the early diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. However, the imaging time for QSM is very long because of the additional acquisition of 3D FFE; compressed SENSE (C-SENSE) could resolve this problem. The susceptibility values of the putamen, globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, substantia nigra, and nucleus ruber in seven healthy volunteers were measured as well as evaluated using SENSE and C-SENSE QSM. The results suggest that good reproducibility and validity for C-SENSE QSM can be obtained when high factors are used. C-SENSE QSM can reduce acquisition time, and is therefore expected to be widely used in the clinical setting. |
| 2701 | Computer 53
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A Surface-Constrained Dynamic Elasticity Model for Deformable Registration of Infant Brain MRI |
1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States |
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Spatial registration of infant brain images is challenging owing to significant changes in image appearance in association with rapid growth in the first year of life. In this abstract, we introduce a volumetric registration method that is constrained by cortical correspondences for consistent cortical and sub-cortical alignment. |
| 2702 | Computer 54
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Robust, Atlas-Free, Automatic Segmentation of Brain MRI in Health and Disease |
1NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Inati Analytics, Potomac, MD, United States |
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An atlas-free, brain-segmentation algorithm that uses derivative-based features and logistic regression classifier was optimized and tested on images of healthy volunteers and individuals clinically diagnosed with a variety of neuroimmunological diseases.The algorithm was trained to classify gray and white matter, CSF, globus pallidus, white matter lesions, and “other” tissue classes from all the images routinely acquired at our center. The algorithm achieved highly accurate brain segmentations and outperformed widely used techniques for brain segmentation and lesion detection. The algorithm has been found to be versatile in brain segmentation using images acquired at other collaborator sites. |
| 2703 | Computer 55
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Effect of fitting models and its error analysis in GRE based MWI |
1Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei university, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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The MWF fitting through the GRE sequence was performed in various models to determine which model is effective. Models such as magnitude 2-, 3-pool, complex 2-, and 3-pool modeling were used. |
| 2704 | Computer 56
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Deep learning-based diffusion method alleviates spurious group differences due to head motion |
1Center for Brain Imaging Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrumental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2Department of Instrument Science & Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 3Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States |
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Head motion occurring during the acquisition of diffusion-weighted (DW) images will cause deterioration in quality of diffusion model reconstruction, which could lead to spurious group differences of DW measures when there is difference in head motion for different groups. We have previously developed a method for robust diffusion kurtosis mapping of motion-contaminated data. In this study, we applied it in a group level, and the results demonstrated its ability in ameliorating spurious group differences due to head motion. The method can be applied to data with different motion level thus improving the utilization and statistic power of some valuable but motion-corrupted DW data. |
| 2705 | Computer 57
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ExploreASL: a collaborative effort to process and explore multi-center ASL data |
1Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany, 3Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada, 4University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, 5University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 6Institute of Psychology, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom, 7Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium, 8University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, 9Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, 10Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, 11University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands, 12Mevis Fraunhofer, Bremen, Germany, 13University College London, London, United Kingdom, 14Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 15Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 16Kings College London, London, United Kingdom, 17Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States |
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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) has undergone significant development since its inception; yet, standardized images processing procedures remain elusive. We present ExploreASL, a robust open source ASL image processing pipeline for clinical studies. Initiated through the European COST action ASL network, this joint effort provides integration and analysis of both single- and multi-center datasets across different operating systems. ExploreASL is optimized for both native- and standard-space analyses, and provides visual and automatic quality control on all intermediate and final images, allowing exploration of ASL datasets from multiple perspectives. |
| 2706 | Computer 58
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Artificial Observer and Cost Function for Image Registration, MARLINA: Mean Absolute Regional LINear correlation Algorithm |
1Department of Radiology, Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 3Department of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, United States, 4Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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Upon visual inspection of intra-subject rigid body registrations in large studies, we have observed higher than desired rate of unsatisfactory alignments. To address misregistartions, we designed a battery of 13 candidate transformations, one of which was selected as best during visual inspection. Tediousness of the inspections stimulated development of artificial observer to aid and subsequently to replace the human inspector. Here, we describe artificial observer MARLINA, characterize its ability to identify the best rigid body transformation as compared to human inspectors and propose it as a future cost function. |
| 2707 | Computer 59
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A novel DWI-based thalamus segmentation method using Constrained Spherical Deconvolution |
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 3Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Department of Neurosurgery Brain Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States |
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Existing methods to segment the thalamus via diffusion weighted MRI are inhibited by several factors. The largely gray matter composition of the thalamus makes the local diffusion activity indistinct and some of the more successful DWI-based methods require time consuming and computationally expensive cortical parcellation for thalamus masking. This study addresses these limitations by using multi-tissue constrained spherical deconvolution to isolate desired diffusion activity and a novel template based technique for thalamus masking. Segmentation outputs are evaluated and we conclude with a discussion of the method’s advantages over existing techniques. |
| 2708 | Computer 60
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A comparison of structural and diffusion-based MRI thalamus segmentation methods |
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 2Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Neurosurgery Brain Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States |
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Automatic thalamus segmentation is a field of study with rapidly evolving applications. Both structural and diffusion weighted MRI can be used to drive parcellations of thalamus nuclei. In this study we present a comparison of leading structural and DWI-based segmentation techniques as implemented on a common set of subject datasets. Results for each are compared, both against an established anatomical atlas and each other. Spatial consistency of nuclei are examined in common template space. Finally, strengths and weaknesses of both techniques are discussed. |
| 2709 | Computer 61
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Comparison of Phase-Sensitive Inversion Recovery from MPRAGE and MP2RAGE |
1Global MR Applications & Workflow, GE Healthcare Canada, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Global MR Applications & Workflow, GE Healthcare, Rochester, MN, United States |
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In this work, we obtained phase sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) signal from MPRAGE and MP2RAGE sequences. Both PSIR images have better image contrast than magnitude images. The PSIR from MPRAGE requires shorter acquisition time, however, PSIR from MP2RAGE provides better contrast and has no $$$B_1$$$ field inhomogeneity effect. Selection of which PSIR technique to use may depend on study aims. |
| 2710 | Computer 62
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Phase-Sensitive Inversion Recovery and T1 Mapping with Motion Correction |
1Global MR Applications & Workflow, GE Healthcare Canada, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Global MR Applications & Workflow, GE Healthcare, Rochester, MN, United States |
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In this work, we propose a novel motion corrected Phase Sensitive Inversion Recovery (PSIR) method with integrated T1 mapping derived from MP2RAGE acquisition. Motion correction is achieved using PROMO (PROspective MOtion correction), as well as Optimal Weighted Average (OWA) combination of multichannel data. This proposed method will be useful in obtaining high quality T1 images for children and other subjects who are prone to move during scans. |
| 2711 | Computer 63
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Towards Validating Structural Connectivity in the Human Language System: an Intraoperative Cortico-Cortical Stimulation Experiment |
1INRIA Sophia Antipolis-Méditerranée, Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France, 2Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France, 3Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 4INRIA, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France |
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We validate
structural connectivity measures based on diffusion MRI with Electrical Stimulation (ES) of the human brain
cortex. For this, we combine white matter fiber tractography with
propagation of Cortico-Cortical Evoked Potentials (CCEPs) induced by
intrasurgical ES in the language system of brain tumor patients. Our
results show high correlation (Pearson's coefficient 0.5-0.9) between
delays of CCEPs and pathways connecting stimulation sites with
recording electrodes. Our approach outperforms
earlier study based on Diffusion Tensor Imaging. This potentially indicates that probabilistic tractography is an effective
tool to quantify cortico-cortical communication non-invasively. |
| 2712 | Computer 64
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Assessment of cerebral venous outflow rates with 4D arterial spin labeling vessel-selective angiography |
1Facing Faces Institute/CHIMERE EA 7516, University of Picardy, Amiens, France, 2Radiology Department, University Hospital of Picardy, Amiens, France, 3Medical Image Processing Department, University Hospital of Picardy, Amiens, France |
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4D arterial spin labeling (ASL) angiography has gained attention in the diagnosis of cerebrovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility for estimating blood flow rates of the cerebral drainage system using data obtained by a 4D ASL angiography sequence. Data of a 4D ASL angiography acquisition provided comparable flow measurements to those of a standard 2D phase-contrast MR imaging sequence in 12 subjects. We demonstrated that both detailed morphological information and flows rates can be obtained by using a single 4D ASL angiography acquisition. |
| 2713 | Computer 65
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Toblerone: partial volume estimation on the cortical ribbon |
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States |
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Toblerone is a new method for estimating partial volumes on the cortical ribbon using surfaces as input (eg those produced by FreeSurfer). Evaluation has been performed using both simulations and subjects drawn from the Human Connectome Project. The estimates returned differ from those produced by existing tools such as FSL's FAST, which will have implications for the analysis of functional imaging data (notably ASL). A preliminary analysis of an ASL dataset has been performed using Toblerone's PV estimates. |
| 2714 | Computer 66
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Automatic segmentation of thalamic nuclei using multiple imaging modalities at ultrahigh field |
1Translational & Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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Segmenting gray matter structures within the thalamus is complicated by poor inherent T1/T2 contrast. Most existing approaches focus on clustering diffusion data including fiber orientation and short & long distance diffusion directions. We propose a hybrid approach incorporating diffusion data with a recently-developed high T1 contrast imaging sequence known as FGATIR. The proposed algorithm clusters on spatial position, fiber orientation distribution coefficients and anatomical contrast to provide robust, yet fast and fully-automatic segmentation of the thalamic nuclei showing strong agreement to manual segmentation performed by a neuroradiologist. Reliable thalamic nuclei segmentation could facilitate targeted therapies like deep brain stimulation. |
| 2715 | Computer 67
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Automatic segmentation of deep grey matter structures for iron quantification |
1Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 2The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 3Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 4Magnetic Resonance Innovations Inc., Bingham Farms, MI, United States |
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Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a promising iron quantification method for assessing subcortical deep gray matter (SGM) in various neurodegenerative diseases. The accuracy of the measurement depends largely on the accuracy of the structural segmentation. Manually drawn regions-of-interest from a well-trained specialist are often the best but are very time-consuming. In this work, we propose an automatic segmentation method for DGM iron quantification by taking advantage of a hybrid image approach combining T1W images and QSM data. Preliminary results on 5 stroke patients presented an overall 77.8±5.8% Dice coefficient compared to the manually drawn ground truth. The measured susceptibility of the DGM showed good agreement between both methods. |
| 2716 | Computer 68
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A Simple Homogeneity Correction for Neuroimaging at 7T |
1High Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria |
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A wide range of MR sequences produce inhomogeneous magnitude images due to the coil sensitivity variation over the head, which is especially severe for ultra-high field strengths. The optimum solution would be a homogeneous reference coil, which however is not possible at 7T due to the shorter wavelength. To date, correction methods require a very long computation time rendering them impractical for on-console imaging. We propose a new magnitude inhomogeneity correction approach, which is based on simplified segmentation and fast interpolation to estimate the bias field. The resulting images show high homogeneity across all three dimensions without any visible artifacts. |
| 2717 | Computer 69
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Exploiting MPRAGE phase to improve Globus Pallidus segmentation |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada |
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A Quantitative Susceptibility Map can be generated from MPRAGE phase and used to improve Globus Pallidus segmentation. This proposal does not require an additional GRE scan and thus saves time and minimizes possible motion and intermodal registration/interpolation related errors. |
| 2718 | Computer 70
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Quantitative measurements of three-dimensional vessel tortuosity for cerebrovascular risk assessment: A pilot study |
1Clinical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Knowledge of intracranial vessel morphology may be important in predicting the risk of acute ischemic stroke. The three-dimensional nature of the vessels would make it challenging to measure vessels' segmental lengths, unless a software tool dedicated to the purpose is available. The goal of this study is to develop a customized graphical user interface that facilitates users' measurement of intracranial vessel tortuosity in an easy and interactive manner. Using the proposed tool, vessel branch lengths and vessel tortuosity data were collected from 11 proximal vessel segments (e.g., middle cerebral artery, anterior cerebral artery) of 532 subjects. |
| 2719 | Computer 71
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Quantitative Analysis of Punctate White Matter Lesions Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping and R2* Relaxation |
1Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, 2UBC MRI Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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Objectives: Our aim was to distinguish PWMLs and focal hemorrhage lesions using quantitative measures. Materials and Methods: In the current study, we acquired multi-echo gradient echo MRI data in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, and post-processed them as R2* relaxation maps and quantitative susceptibility maps (QSM). Manually drawing regions of interest (ROIs) on R2* maps, we measured R2* and susceptibility values of the lesions. Results: We found that R2* and susceptibility values are significantly increased in focal hemorrhage lesions, compared to PWMLs. Conclusions: R2* and QSM can be used to help clinicians distinguish and measure these lesions. |
| 2720 | Computer 72
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Reproducibility of SIENAX volumetric outputs over intra-session, inter-session and inter-scanner acquisitions |
1QMENTA Inc., Barcelona, Spain |
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Automatic tissue segmentation tools are common in the neuroimaging field. Evaluating their reliability is necessary to validate the findings of studies that use these tools. We conducted a reliability analysis for SIENAX in a test-retest dataset and a multi-site dataset. The results were analysed and compared with other automatic segmentation tools. The volumetric outputs of SIENAX show low coefficients of variance for the test-retest dataset in both grey matter (1.11%) and white matter (0.69%). In the multi-site data the results were to 3.95% and 6.47% respectively, suggesting a possible need for data harmonization in multi-site studies. |
| 2721
|
Computer 73
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Comparison of Gradient Echo and Gradient Echo Sampling of Spin Echo Sequence for the Quantification of the Oxygen Extraction Fraction by Combining Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping and Blood Oxygenation Level Dependency |
1Computer Assisted Clincial Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China |
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The oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) is a promising biomarker for cerebral tissue vitality. Combining quantitative blood oxygenation level-dependent (qBOLD) modelling and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) from gradient echo (GRE) data revealed promising results but still suffered from biases in white matter and required good parameter initialization. We showed that using an additional gradient echo sampling of spin echo (GESSE) sequence enables OEF reconstruction with higher accuracy, precision and robustness to parameter initialization in simulation. Yet, this increased robustness did still not allow for parameter initialization without prior knowledge of local distributions in vivo, which lead to a non-physiological gray-white matter contrast in the OEF. |
| 2722 | Computer 74
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Direct reconstruction of arterial blood flow (aBF) from undersampled golden-angle radial non-contrast enhanced dynamic 4D MR angiography |
1Laboratory of Functional MRI Technology (LOFT), Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Quantification of hemodynamics benefits clinical diagnosis. Non-contrast enhanced MRA with golden-angle radial acquisition has capability of characterization of dynamic flow with high spatiotemporal resolution within a short scan time. Here, we proposed a direct reconstruction framework of arterial blood flow (aBF) from undersampled radial dMRA K-t space data, which mitigated streaking artifacts induced by image-based reconstruction. Both simulation and experimental data suggested that direct optimization method provides reliable aBF under different undersampling rates while preserving detailed delineation of vascular structures, compared to the conventional post-processing singular value decomposition (SVD) method. |
| 2723 | Computer 75
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Ultra-fast EPI sampling of pulsatile flow waveforms in cerebral arteries via retrospective binning of k-space lines |
1CUBRIC, School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, 3Siemens Healthcare Ltd, Camberly, United Kingdom, 4CUBRIC, School of Engineering, Cardiff, United Kingdom |
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Flow related signal enhancement in ultra-fast EPI allows imaging of cardiac pulsatile blood flow profiles in cerebral arteries. We present a novel method that uses retrospective binning of k-space lines to make cardiac phase ‘composite’ k-space planes, from which pulsatile waveforms can be reconstructed with extremely high temporal resolution (~2ms). We demonstrate the proof-of-principle for obtaining pulse wave velocity measures in cerebral arteries, paving the way for mapping quantitative arterial stiffness measures across the brain. |
| 2724 | Computer 76
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Data-driven regularized inversion (DRI) for improved QSM+qBOLD based CMRO2 Mapping: a feasibility study in healthy subjects and ischemic stroke patients |
1Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China, 3Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States, 4Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany |
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We propose the use of machine-learning to improve the accuracy of a QSM+qBOLD model based Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) mapping. The proposed method, data-driven regularized inversion or DRI, significantly outperformed, in simulation, the current method at all SNR levels. In n=11 healthy subjects, uniform OEF maps were obtained as expected. In n=18 ischemic stroke patients, low OEF regions were clearly located within the lesion region as defined by DWI. |
| 2725 | Computer 77
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The effect of scan length on the assessment of perfusion using BOLD delay in ischemic stroke |
1Center for Stroke Research, Charité University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 2Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 3Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany, 4Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 5Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Free University, Berlin, Germany, 6Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain, Leipzig, Germany, 7School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany |
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Hypoperfusion in acute stroke can be detected without exogenous contrast agents using BOLD delay. However the effect of scan duration on assessing perfusion using this method hasn’t been systematically evaluated. This study researched the effect of different scan lengths on diagnostic accuracy and image quality of BOLD delay maps while accounting for head motion. Our results revealed that scan time can be reduced to 3 min and 24 sec without compromising diagnostic power and image quality. However, lesion volumes were robust down to a scan length of 1 min and 8 sec. |
| 2726 | Computer 78
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Cerebral Venous Blood Volume Estimation Using Velocity-Selective Spin Labeling Prepared Single-Slab Three-Dimensional Turbo Spin Echo Imaging |
1Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Venous CBV (CBVv) is of relevance to brain oxygenation level changes during functional activation. To date, MRI techniques for CBVv mapping fall into two categories, based on a 1) quantitative BOLD (qBOLD) model of extravascular signals, and 2) hyperoxic stimulus induced changes in intravascular signal. However, in the former estimation accuracy is impaired due to mutual coupling between CBVv and Yv in the model, while the latter suffers from the complexities in both experiments and estimation involving multiple parameters. Here, we propose velocity-selective spin labeling prepared single-slab 3D TSE imaging for straightforward derivation of CBVv maps in the whole brain. Results from three subjects show plausible values of CBVv estimates in the range of 1.9 - 3.3 % and 1.1 - 2.1 % for gray and white matter, respectively. |
| 2727 | Computer 79
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Intrinsic vulnerability of low blood flow watershed to white matter hyperintensities in cerebral small vessel disease |
1Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States, 2Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States |
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White matter hyperintensities (WMH), a major neuroradiological feature of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), have a characteristic spatial distribution in the deep white matter and periventricular regions. In this study, we demonstrated a striking spatial overlap between WMH lesion hot spots and the watershed region, defined by a nadir in CBF within the white matter, suggesting that watershed is a region with intrinsic vulnerability to CSVD-related injury. |
| 2728 | Computer 80
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Focal corticospinal tract volume loss following stroke characterized by diffusion tensor based morphometry (D-TBM) |
1Quantitative Medical Imaging Section, NIBIB,NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Georgetown University, Washington D.C, DC, United States, 4Georgetown University and MedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington D.C, DC, United States, 5NICHD,NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Use of a diffusion tensor-based registration method to compare different scans within each subject and to map the results into a population template that can ultimately be used to stratify patients with different motor recovery outcome in stroke. |
| 2729 | Computer 81
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Evaluation clinical outcome using mismatch between baseline mean diffusion and kurtosis MRI in focal ischemic stroke |
1Shaanxi Provincial People`s Hospital, xi`an, China, 2Clinical science, Philips Healthcare China, Beijin, China |
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To observe the cerebral microstructural alterations after focal ischemic stroke by using DKI and assess whether patients are likely to benefit from treated with intravenous tPA at onset of stroke when mean diffusion and kurtosis MRI mismatchs. 58 patients were enrolled. AK, RK and MK values were increased in ischemic lesions, which indicate heterogeneity and complexity of microstructural tissues at onset of stroke. MD-AK mismatch patients? recovered reasonably well with intravenous tPA at onset of stroke, whereas MD-AK mismatch patients without intravenous tPA and coincidence MD-AK of lesions volume showed poor recovery. MD-AK mismatch could be used to identify patients from baseline DKI who are likely to benefit from intravenous thrombolysis at onset of stroke. |
| 2730 | Computer 82
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Using Vascular Territories to Predict Disconnection Profiles in Post-Stroke Aphasia |
1Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 2MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 3Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 4Quantitative Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 5Bioxydyn Ltd., Rutherford House, Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom |
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Damage sustained to the brain post-stroke appears random but it may be constrained by the underlying neurovasculature; brain regions supplied by the occluded arterial branch will be affected. Combinations of vascular territories were matched to lesions from 62 post-stroke patients. Anatomical connectivity mapping, a measure of whole-brain connectivity, was used to estimate disconnection in each patient through summing disconnection associated with the territories which best matched their lesion. This novel methodology demonstrated that disconnection following a left-hemispheric stroke can be explained by the underlying neurovasculature and may be of particular interest when no diffusion data is available in the patient. |
| 2731 | Computer 83
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Differential Middle Cerebral Artery Plaque Characteristics in Patients with Transient Ischemic Attack and Ischemic Stroke: A High-Resolution MR Vessel Wall Imaging Study |
1Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, los angeles, CA, United States, 2Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical university, Beijing, China, 4Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical university, Beijing, China |
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This study is to compare the characteristics of intracranial plaques between TIA and stroke patients using VWI. Sixty-two patients (31 TIA and 31 stroke) with MCA stenosis were enrolled in the study. Routine brain MRI, TOF-MRA, pre and post- contrast VWI were performed on each patient. Morphological features of the culprit plaque were compared between the two groups. TIA group had a lower occurrence of hyperintensity plaque, plaque surface irregularity and enhancement grade, those features showed no statistically significant differences and also the degree of stenosis and RI. VWI is useful modality for assessing the intracranial plaques in TIA patients. |
| 2732 | Computer 84
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Diffusion lesion segmentation with deep learning in acute ischemic stroke: A combined use of DWI and ADC |
1Clinical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Conventional deep learning methods for cerebral infarct segmentation rely on diffusion weighted images (DWI) only. Meanwhile, traditional cerebral diffusion lesion segmentation is typically based on a fixed apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) threshold. It may be worthwhile to combine DWI and ADC images and use them as input for model training. The objective of this study is to develop a deep-learning segmentation model that takes DWI and ADC as input and produces a segmentation map as output and evaluate its performance. |
| 2733 | Computer 85
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Neurodegeneration of the substantia nigra after ipsilateral infarct: quantification with MRI R2* mapping and relationship to clinical outcome |
1Neuroimaging Dept., Bordeaux University hospital, Bordeaux, France, 2INSERM U1215, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, 3Neuroimaging Dept., Lille University hospital, Lille, France, 4Division of MRI research, Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 5USMR Dept., Bordeaux University hospital, Bordeaux, France, 6Neurology Dept., Bordeaux University hospital, Bordeaux, France |
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We tested whether long-term neurodegeneration of substantia nigra (SN) secondary to disconnection by supra-tentorial infarcts can be quantified with iron-sensitive imaging and contributes to clinical outcome. 181 stroke patients (75 striatum infarcts, 106 other locations) were prospectively evaluated at 24-to-72h and at one-year clinically and with MRI to quantify iron through R2*. We showed a delayed increase of R2* within SN that was strongly and independently associated with infarct location along known anatomic projections from SN. Such increase of R2* was an independent contributor of poor motor outcome. Iron-sensitive imaging can monitor neurodegeneration non-invasively within SN and potentially other areas. |
| 2734 | Computer 86
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Remote Effect of Ischemic Stroke: Anatomical Specification of Oxygenation Alteration Investigated by Voxel Based R2' Quantification |
1Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 3Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China |
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Ischemic stroke (IS) may induce oxygenation alterations in brain regions remote to the lesion. Remote effect of IS in terms of oxygen metabolism was evaluated based on the voxel wise R2' quantification for subjects with first ever single lesioned IS in corona radiata (CR) (n=10) and brainstem (n=6) using R2' of the superior sagittal sinus as the reference. Both CR and brainstem IS groups showed significant changes of R2' in distributed brain regions with anatomical specifications, suggesting that IS rather represents a spectrum of pathophysiological events of hemodynamic and metabolic impairments at the global level than a focal vascular failure. |
| 2735 | Computer 87
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Age Specific Differences in Association Between White Matter Cerebral Blood Flow and Ischemic Lesion Severity |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China, 2Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 3Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 4China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China |
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White matter lesion (WML), one of the sequelae of cerebral hypoperfusion, accumulates with age. This study sought to investigate the relationship between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and WML severity with age in asymptomatic adults. We found that WML scores were strongly associated with WM CBF, suggesting that WM CBF might be an effective indicator for severity of WMLs. We also found that the WM CBF increased with age, consistent with the greater WM cerebrovascular reactivity response in elderly individuals. In addition, our findings of ascending WM CBF cut-off values revealed that the risk of developing WML increases with age. |
| 2736 | Computer 88
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The value of different plaque indicators in predicting stroke |
1Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, 2Henan Key Laboratory for Medical Imaging of Neurological Diseases, Zhengzhou, China, 3MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Beijing, China, 4Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare & School of Software and Applied Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China |
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Emerging evidence suggests that the characteristics of intracranial plaques detected by high-resolution vessel wall imaging may serve as an important in-vivo biomarker for predicting ischemic stroke. Different indicators have been introduced to depict plaque features, such as remodeling index, contrast enhancement, and stenosis rate. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively assess the diagnostic performance of these indicators by a quantitative comparison between ischemic stroke patients and transient-ischemic-attack patients. Our results indicated that the remodeling index may have a predictive power similar to contrast enhancement while stenosis rate was a poor predictor. |
| 2737 | Computer 89
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The optimization of single-shot FLAIR for motion artifact reduction and scan time reduction in stroke imaging: A Comparative Analysis with Conventional FLAIR |
1Radiology, Chiba university hospital, Chiba city, Japan, 2Radiology, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Togane city, Japan, 3Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa university, Kanazawa, Japan, 4Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 5Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba city, Japan |
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For stroke imaging, motion correction and scan time reduction are essential. We optimized the single-shot FLAIR sequence and implemented it into our stroke MR protocol. 48 patients suspected of stroke were retrospectively involved, and board-certified radiologists evaluated the images of our modified-single-shot FLAIR and conventional FLAIR at the terms of degree of motion artifact, image quality, delineation of hyperintense vessel and contribution for diagnosis. Motion artifact was significantly reduced (P < 0.001) and scan time was decreased by 40% in single-shot FLAIR. Hyperintense vessels were equally detected in both the sequences. Radiologists considered modified-single-shot FLAIR more useful for diagnosis. |
| 2738 | Computer 90
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Quantitative assessment of cerebrovascular structure after carotid revascularization using intraCranial Artery Feature Extraction (iCafe) Technique |
1Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ, United States, 4Surgery, University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ, United States, 5Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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The aim is to evaluate the change in intracranial arterial vasculature after carotid revascularization using an intracranial feature extraction (iCafe) technique for quantitative analysis of intracranial arteries from 3D time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF MRA). Twenty subjects who received carotid revascularization were enrolled and all patients underwent MRA scans three times: before, within 3 days after, and six months after revascularization. The dataset was processed blindly by 4 reviewers using iCafe. Length and volume of intracranial artery and number of intracranial artery branches increased after surgery. This result suggested increased cerebral blood flow after carotid revascularization. |
| 2739 | Computer 91
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Crossed cerebellar diaschisis characterization with BOLD-fMRI cerebrovascular reactivity and T2*-perfusion MRI |
1University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) in stroke patients has been associated with worse neurological performance and outcome, but clinical routine CCD imaging is limited. We therefore tested the diagnostic value of blood oxygenation-level dependent cerebrovascular reactivity (BOLD-CVR) and T2* perfusion weighted-MRI in patients with unilateral symptomatic cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease exhibiting crossed cerebellar diaschisis. Secondly, we assessed the clinical significance of a CCD diagnosis based on BOLD-CVR imaging. BOLD-CVR is a valid clinical diagnostic tool for CCD, whereas perfusion MRI derived parameters were shown to be unsuitable. Furthermore, stroke patients exhibiting CCD showed a worse neurological performance and outcome, unrelated to stroke volume. |
| 2740 | Computer 92
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Negative BOLD cerebrovascular reactivity in stroke patients: a sign of misery perfusion of the affected hemisphere |
1University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Subjects with hemodynamic failure stage 2 (i.e. misery-perfusion) have heightened risk of acute and chronic brain tissue damage. One of the most important signs of misery-perfusion is a negative cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR). CVR is defined as a blood flow response to a vasoactive stimulus. Recently blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) CVR was proposed to detect misery-perfusion. However, BOLD-CVR MRI signal does not reflect CBF changes directly and discrepancies between negative BOLD-CVR and negative CBF changes have been reported. To better assess these discrepancies, we performed a multimodal clinical misery-perfusion assessment with perfusion-weighted-MRI and transcranial-Doppler complimentary to BOLD-CVR in patients with symptomatic steno-occlusive disease. |
| 2741 | Computer 93
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Ipsilateral Thalamic Diaschisis in Stroke Patients |
1University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Presence of ipsilateral thalamic diaschisis in stroke patients, detected using BOLD-CVR, is characterized by thalamic volume reduction, reduced thalamic blood flow, and worse stroke severity scores at admission as well as 3 months follow-up. This finding suggests that ipsilateral thalamic diaschisis may be an important clinical imaging marker in stroke patients. |
| 2742 | Computer 94
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Absolute quantitative dynamic susceptibility contrast cerebral perfusion imaging using the Self-Calibrated EPI sequence in patients with ischemic stroke |
1Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, 2Henan Key Laboratory for Medical Imaging of Neurological Diseases, Zhengzhou, China, 3MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Beijing, China, 4Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare & School of Software and Applied Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China |
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This study aims to explore the clinical value of the absolute quantitative dynamic susceptibility contrast cerebral perfusion-weighted imaging using Self-Calibrated EPI sequence (SCALE-PWI) in patients with ischemic stroke. SCALE-PWI could provide reliable quantitative measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume and mean transit time in a quite short scan time of 2:14 mins. Results suggest the CBF values in infarct core are significantly lower than the values in ischemic penumbra. In conclusion, the SCALE-PWI could provide quantitative hemodynamic information in a quite short scan time, thus may serve as a guide for tissue-based decision making and personalized treatment planning in acute stroke. |
| 2743 | Computer 95
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Disrupted structural brain network configuration in patients with post-stroke depression |
1Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China, 2Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China, 3Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China |
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To better understand the underlying mechanisms for a wide range of emotional disturbances in post-stroke depression (PSD) patients, we used structural brain connectivity analysis to investigate the differences in global and local network organization of stroke patients with PSD and no PSD. Our results demonstrated that the efficiency of both local and regional network of patients with PSD were higher compared to those without, and that higher depression severity was significantly associated with increased network efficiency. These results indicated that the disrupted network architecture might be the cause of depressive symptoms in PSD patients, and brain network analysis is a useful tool to link psychological disorders with their underlying anatomical substrate. |
| 2744 | Computer 96
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Evaluation of physiotherapy induced changes in post-stroke recovery using MRI |
1Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 2Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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This study has evaluated the role of MRI in determining physiotherapy-induced changes in post-stroke recovery in 21 first-ever ischemic patients. Physiotherapy was given as intervention for 45 minutes every day for consecutive 6 months. Pre- and post- (3, 6 months) intervention assessment involved NIHSS, mRS and MRI studies (3T MR scanner). MRI studies included 3D-T1, 3D-FLAIR, DWI, and fMRI (motor task). Preliminary findings showed individual patients’ positive response to physiotherapy reflected in the NIHSS and mRS scores, and in the recovery of fMRI activation in the affected motor cortex post-intervention and other MR markers. |
| 2745 | Computer 97
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Use of NODDI for Microstructural Characterization of Posterior Limb of the Internal Capsule in Subacute and Chronic Stroke Patients |
1Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Segrate, Italy, 2Istituto di Neuroscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy, 3Laboratory of Brain Pathology and Pharmacology and Neuro Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy, 4Neuroradiology Unit and Neuro Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy, 5Stroke Unit and Neuro Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy, 6Neurorehabilitation Unit and Neuro Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy |
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This preliminary work shows that NODDI, supplementing the classical DTI approach, could provide a new insight into the subtle micro-architectural modifications occurring in the posterior limb of the internal capsule of 10 stroke patients in subacute and chronic phase. |
| 2746 | Computer 98
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Ischemic Stroke Imaging and Outcomes: Differences between Sexes |
1Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School at University of Texas, Austin, Austin, TX, United States |
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Stroke is a treatable disease and neuroimaging can identify salvageable tissue, directly impacting treatment decisions. Women experience stroke differently than men with higher severity, worse outcomes, and varying therapeutic response. We examined the contribution of sex and age to stroke outcome with emphasis on therapeutic targets on MRI. MR images were evaluated for predictive imaging factors. A 90-day mRS was obtained to assess functional independence. Women present more often with treatable ischemic stroke than men as defined by MR imaging factors. Sex modulates the age-dependent stroke outcome but upon stratification for treatment, difference in outcome favoring men was not observed. |
| 2747 | Computer 99
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A study of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging in ischemic stroke |
1Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 2GE Healthcare China, Beijing, China |
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Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) can quantitatively evaluate specific microstructural changes in terms of neurite density and orientation distribution of axons and dendrites. In the study, we attempt to demonstrate the feasibility of NODDI in characterizing the microstructural alterations in brain tissues during ischemic stroke and to compare its sensitivity with diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion kurtosis imaging. Results demonstrated that NODDI is a potential technique for quantitatively evaluating ischemic stroke and showed higher sensitivity compared with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). |
| 2748 | Computer 100
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Stroke atlas of the brain: A voxel-wise density-based clustering of infarct lesion topographic distribution |
1Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Sollentuna, Sweden, 2Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, 3Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden, 4University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Viterbi School, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Kek School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6Department of Neurology USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicin, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 7Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 8Yale Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States |
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In stroke patients, both infarct volume and location affect functional outcome; however, infarct topography is far less commonly incorporated in prognostic models, given the complexity of assessing infarct topographic distribution. In this study, we applied data-driven density clustering analysis, using the OPTICS algorithm, on 793 infarct lesions from 438 stroke patients to devise a “stroke-atlas of the brain” stratifying brain voxels likely to infarct together. This atlas can help with differentiation of infarct lesions in clinical practice, assess topographic distribution of infarct in prognostic models for stroke patients, or be applied for defining regional infarct thresholds in CT/MR perfusion maps. |
| 2749 | Computer 101
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Myelin-associated clinical and physical correlates in a cohort of chronic schizophrenia patients. |
1Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 4Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, 5Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 6Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 7International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University Of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 8Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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Aberrant myelination and tandem cardiovascular deficits may contribute to emergence of the schizophrenias. To explore this hypothesis, a pilot study of Myelin Water Fraction (MWF), V02max capacity, and symptom severity was done in 15 chronic schizophrenia/schizoaffective patients. MWF was positively correlated with age in some, but not all, fronto-medial and fronto-temporal regions, 2. V02max was positively correlated with MWF the superior longitudinal fasciculus, the genu, and the forceps minor, and 3. Social functioning was positively correlated to MWF in the forceps major. These data indicate the presence of relationships between MWF measures, social functioning and cardiovascular capacity in schizophrenia. |
| 2750 | Computer 102
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Contribution and Interaction of Brain Structure and Function in Treatment Response Prediction of First-episode Drug-naïve Schizophrenia |
1Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Institution of Psychology, CAS, Beijing, China |
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) including structural and functional neuroimaging has been applied extensively to examine response to antipsychotic treatment, however, questions remain regarding the interaction between these measurements and their unique role. Our study provided a comprehensive examination of interaction and contribution for voxel-wise measurements related with treatment response. We found that brain functional measurements in certain brain regions have advantages in predicting treatment response. Furthermore, the functional activities were different between short- and long-term treatment of antipsychotic drugs. These findings revealed that functional changes were more sensitive to the antipsychotic treatment and could be promising biomarkers in treatment prediction. |
| 2751 | Computer 103
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Heterogeneity of brain structure alterations in patients with never-treated first episode schizophrenia |
1West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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Although schizophrenia is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome, one important question that remains largely unanswered is whether the complex and subtle deficits revealed by MRI could be used as objective biomarkers to resolve neurobiological heterogeneity within this disorder. Using clustering analysis and structural MRI, first-episode schizophrenia patients were classified into three subtypes. The three subtypes of patients showed different morphological alterations. |
| 2752 | Computer 104
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Source-based Laterality of Grey Matter in Schizophrenia |
1Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 2Electrical and Computer Engineering, Neurosciences, Psychiatry, Biology, and Computer Science, Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States |
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Altered brain laterality is frequently reported in morphological brain studies of individuals with schizophrenia. However, these studies utilize voxel/vertex-wise univariate methods which may not be optimal for examining brain laterality. We introduce a novel multivariate approach to estimate covarying lateralized networks. In our approach, lateralized grey matter maps were computed by subtracting volumetric data one hemisphere from the other, and analyzed via independent component analysis (ICA), followed by testing loading parameters from components identifying covariation within laterality networks. Results display significant relationships with temporal lobe and cerebellar laterality and negative symptoms of schizophrenia that warrant further exploration with multimodal analyses. |
| 2753 | Computer 105
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White matter microstructural changes in schizophrenia: A study using normative-model-based statistical analysis |
1Institute of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 2Institute of Medical Device and Image, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, 3Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 4AcroViz Technology Inc., Taipei, Taiwan, 5Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan |
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White matter microstructural changes have been found in schizophrenia but the effects of gender and age on these changes remains entangled. This study aimed to quantify the white matter changes in 158 schizophrenia patients using a novel approach which calculated the z scores based on the normative models built from 524 healthy subjects across lifespan. Our results showed that twelve tracts had significant differences between schizophrenia patients and controls. |
| 2754 | Computer 106
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Gray matter network changes with aging and duration in a large group of never-treated patients with schizophrenia. |
1Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University., Chengdu, China, 2West China Hospital, Sichuan University., Chengdu, China |
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A large group of never-treated schizophrenia patient was enrolled to investigate the pattern of network changes with aging and illness duration. Cortical thickness preprocessed by FreeSurfer, and correlation matrix was constructed by correlating the cortical thickness of every pair of regions. Compared to healthy controls, all patient subgroups stratified along age and illness duration showed common changes while distinct changes, mainly involved DMN and CN. The alternations within DMN and CN may represent trait-related structural network changes in schizophrenia, while distinct changes may represent illness progression with more-wide spread brain abnormalities. |
| 2755 | Computer 107
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Evaluation of structural brain modifications related to First Episode Psychosis |
1CIMeC, Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto (TN), Italy, 2UOC of Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata (AOUI) of Verona, Verona, Italy, 3IRCCS “E. Medea” Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy, 4Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milano, Italy, 5Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy, 6Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Italy, Verona, Italy, 7Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milano, Italy |
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Psychiatric disorders are characterized by a complex range of symptoms. Psychosis, known as one of the most severe mental illness, is still lacking specific neuroimaging markers complementing clinical information for early differential diagnostics, disease progression monitoring and treatment response evaluations. Most previous studies in the field considered psychotic patients undergoing chronic pharmacologic treatment or long duration of illness, which may confound morphometric or functional findings. Here we study a cohort of First Episode Psychosis (FEP) patients to investigated grey matter changes using structural MRI, in FEP relative to healthy controls, with univariate and multivariate analysis. |
| 2756 | Computer 108
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Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping MRI shows changes in dorsal striatum in patients with a first Episode of Psychosis compared to controls. |
1Departament Electrical Engineer, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 2Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 3Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 4Radiology Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 5Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 6Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 7Instituto Psiquiátrico Horwitz, Santiago de Chile, Chile |
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Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays an important role in psychosis. Neuromelanin is a by-product of the synthesis of dopamine. In First Episode of Psychosis (FEP) is reported the effect that causes dopamine and its relationship with neuromelanin. However, it has not been reported signal change due to accumulation of heavy metal using magnetic resonance imaging techniques. We found susceptibility changes in two areas of brain using QSM, the left subthalamic nucleus and right caudate. This finding might help to discriminate between FEP patients and healthy subjects. |
| 2757 | Computer 109
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Brain morphometric and cellular metabolic alterations in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder |
1National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of |
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Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) causes neural dysfunction associated with cognitive deficit and emotional dysregulation. To our knowledge, however, no one has applied the combined neuroimaging study of morphometric and metabolic brain abnormalities in patients with OCD. Therefore, this study assessed the associations of the gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volume alterations in conjunction with in vivo cellular metabolic changes in patients with OCD. Our findings will be helpful to aid us in the understanding of neurocognitive impairment in OCD, and thus, enhancing the diagnostic accuracy for OCD by additional information on the associated cerebral volume change and metabolic abnormality. |
| 2758 | Computer 110
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Amygdala dysfunction during negative emotional control in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: an fMRI study |
1Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 3Ge Healthcare, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 4Biomedical Engineering Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 5Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 6Department of Radiology and Molecular Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of |
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We investigated brain activation in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patient using thought-action fusion (TAF) task to assess the influence of OCD symptom on amygdala response to the task. Context-dependent psycho-physiological interaction (PPI) analysis of close condition showed decreased amygdala PPI with putamen in patients with OCD compared to healthy controls. |
| 2759 | Computer 111
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Alterations of structural anatomy and functional connectivity regarding hippocampus in obsessive–compulsive disorder |
1Huaxi MR Research Centre(HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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Besides the classical cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits, the hippocampus has received increasing attention in the psychopathology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We aimed to investigate the abnormalities of structural anatomy and functional connectivity (FC) regarding hippocampus in a relatively large sample of unmedicated OCD patients and explore the effects of onset age on these neural correlates. Our findings (i) identified significant volumetric reductions of right hippocampus in OCD; (ii) revealed abnormal cortico-hippocampal connectivity in the prefrontal-limbic networks of OCD and (iii) indicated distinct patterns of cerebral-hippocampal connectivity alterations in early-onset and late-onset OCD, which highlighted the potential importance of neurodevelopmental changes in OCD. |
| 2760
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Computer 112
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Abnormal Static and Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity Patterns in Patients with Obsessive-compulsive Disorder |
1Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Centre (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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Static and dynamic functional network connectivity (FNC) analyses were applied to determine the abnormal connectivity patterns among the large-scale brain networks in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients. We found that static FNC analysis showed more obvious group differences than dynamic FNC. Decreased functional connectivity between visual network and DMN has been shown in both static and dynamic FNC analysis, it could be considered as the most stable connectivity change of functional brain networks in OCD patients. These findings advocate the using of both static and dynamic FNC to help truly understanding the alterations of brain networks. |
| 2761 | Computer 113
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Medial temporal cortical changes in response to yoga and aerobic exercise interventions in early psychosis patients |
1Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, 3Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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Early psychosis patients exhibit cortical reductions and poor cardiovascular health, which may be worsened by antipsychotic medication. Aerobic exercise and yoga may be able to remediate cortical loss and improve symptom severity. First-episode psychosis patients who completed a twelve-week exercise program showed increased cortical volume and thickness compared to waitlist controls with differential effects of aerobic exercise and yoga. Exercise-mediated changes in brain measures were associated with greater improvement in symptom severity scores. Both aerobic exercise and yoga may have neuroanatomical and clinical benefits for early psychosis patients and may be a safe, cost-effective adjunct treatment. |
| 2762 | Computer 114
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Acute and Chronic intranasal oxytocin differentially affect brain functional connectivity |
1Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive System, Istituto Italiano di tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy, 2Centro Interdipartimentale Mente/Cervello (CIMeC), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy |
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Intranasal oxytocin (OXT) administration has shown promise as a putative treatment for disorders characterized by social impairments. However, the brain-wide substrates engaged by this neuropeptide remain elusive. By using mouse fMRI, we show that the circuits engaged by intranasal OXT are differentially affected by the duration of OXT dosing. Specifically, acute OXT administration increases brain connectivity in key nodes of the social brain. By contrast, repeated dosing exacerbates inter-regional coupling and results in paradoxical social impairments in control “wild type” mice. These result have implications for clinical testing of OXT in control and pathological conditions. |
| 2763 | Computer 115
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Brain gray matter correlates of extraversion: A systematic review and meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Chengdu, China |
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Extraversion is a fundamental personality dimension closely related to individuals’ physical and mental health. Although increasing studies have attempted to identify the neurostructural markers of extraversion but have yielded inconsistent and heterogeneous results. The current study aims to reach a comprehensive understanding of brain gray matter (GM) correlates of extraversion by using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Our review revealed a preliminary outline of the brain GM differences related to extraversion in distributed brain regions. Our meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies identified six core brain regions correlated with extraversion and revealed the potential effect of gender and age. |
| 2764 | Computer 116
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Alteration in negative emotional regulation associated with childhood abuse: fMRI study |
1Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 3Institute of Biomedical Engineering Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 4Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 5GE Healthcare, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 6Department of Radiology and Molecular Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of |
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We assessed negative emotional regulation in young adults who experienced childhood abuse. We investigated a relationship between psychological data and brain activation during emotion regulation task. The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) showed significant correlation with the degree of childhood abuse in negative emotion task. |
| 2765 | Computer 117
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Inferior parietal lobule controls moral thought-action fusion: an fMRI study |
1Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 3Daegu Gyungpook Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 4Institue of Biomedical Engjneering Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 5GE Health Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 6Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of |
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Thought-action fusion (TAF) could make people feel that action to happen1. We investigated the difference from control thinking and administration of electrical shocks to another person in healthy control with moral related TAF task by using fMRI. The inferior parietal lobule (IPL) activation showed a negative correlation with |
| 2766 | Computer 118
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Sexual dimorphism in the young adult brain using magnetic resonance imaging: The effect of the field strengths |
1Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 2Department of Radiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 3Department of Radiology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan |
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The existing reports regarding sexual dimorphism in brain structures are not confluent and generally heterogeneous. MRI instrument-related factor such as field strength is one of the greatest contributors to the brain quantification variability, but its effect on sexual dimorphism in brain structures remains unclear. In this study, we found that due to the image contrast differences arising from differences in field strengths, the sex dimorphism in brain morphology appears to exist dependent of field strengths. It suggests field strength should be considered as one important factor that contributes to the inconsistency in the sex dimorphism in brain across literatures. |
| 2767 | Computer 119
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Altered gray matter volume and the relationship with the psychiatric symptoms in methamphetamine use disorder individuals |
1Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital, the Air Force Medical University, Xian, China |
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The study used voxel-based morphological to explore the differences in gray matter volume and psychiatric symptoms of Self-reporting Inventory-90 between methamphetamine use disorders and healthy controls. It was found that many of the SCL-90 symptoms and the grey matter volume have changed in methamphetamine use disorder individuals. Meanwhile, the abnormal grey matter volume is associated with psychiatric symptoms. |
| 2768 | Computer 120
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Common gray matter atrophy in individuals with different behavioral addictions: a voxel-wise meta-analysis |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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In order to figure out the common structural alterations in behavioral addicts among various publications and to find a biomarker for future improvement of diagnostic category, we searched for voxel based morphometry studies compared between patients and healthy controls and pooled them together in a meta-analytic way by using AES-SDM. 22 studies comprising 5 different addictive behaviors were included. 576 patients showed GM reduction in the left ACC, right striatum and right SMA compared with 635 HCs. In summary, our findings revealed common GM decreases in frontostriatal circuitry, consistent with previous multimodal neuroimaging findings in addiction. |
| 2769 | Computer 121
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The diagnosis of Internet gaming disorder by MR imaging: A MRI based analysis |
1Institute of Science and Technology for Brain, Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, shanghai, China, 2Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, shanghai, China, 3Department of Radiology, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, shanghai, China |
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The internet gaming disorder has become one of the most serious healthy problem among teenagers, the questionnaire and scale are widely used to IGD diagnostic. However, the underlying neural mechanism of IGD was still unclear. Current study present an evidence that cerebral morphometric alteration could be used to identified IGD from normal, and may also help for further study about IGD. |
| 2770 | Computer 122
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Regional Cortical Thickness Changes and Neurocognitive Performance in Perinatally HIV-infected Youth |
1Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States, 3School of Nursing, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Infectious Disease-Pediatrics, Miller Children’s Hospital of Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, United States, 6Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 7Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 8Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 9Radiology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 10Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Despite effective viral suppression, youth with perinatal HIV (PHIVY) often demonstrate long-term cognitive deficits. We measured grey matter cortical thickness as a measure of brain structural integrity in 11 PHIVY receiving long term cART compared to 16 age-matched controls and assessed neurocognitive performance. The PHIVY group performed significantly worse than controls. Regions of significantly thinner and thicker cortex in PHIVY were observed which may contribute to these deficits in neurocognitive function. Cortical thickness in PHIVY was correlated with current CD4 count and neurocognitive performance. Our findings suggest the potential importance of continued monitoring of PHIVY. |
| 2771 | Computer 123
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Brain Microstructural Abnormalities in Patients with Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder: A Voxel Based Morphometry and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study |
1Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China |
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Idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) has close relationship with neurodegenerative disorder. Many researches has validated that almost all of iRBD patients evolved into Parkinson’s disease, Lewy body dementia, or multiple system atrophy over time. However the pathogenesis of iRBD still remains unclear. In this research, VBM and voxel-based DTI analysis were combined to detect the microstructural abnormalities in the iRBD patients. A wide range of changes in brain structure in iRBD group was observed, which may reveal pathophysiologic mechanism on cognitive function disorder，which can be valuable for the early diagnosis and treatment of iRBD. |
| 2772 | Computer 124
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Altered white matter microstructure in anorexia nervosa: A voxel-based meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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The neurobiological underpinnings of anorexia nervosa (AN) remain unclear. Altered white matter microarchitecture has been described, but findings are inconclusive. To investigate a statistical consensus among published DTI studies of altered white matter microarchitecture in AN, we conducted a quantitative voxel-based meta-analysis of fractional anisotropy using Seed-based d Mapping. The pooled results in AN showed robust reduction fractional anisotropy in the interhemispheric connections, frontal-subcortical circuitry and limbic association fibers. This study provides a thorough profile of WM microarchitecture alterations in patients with AN and these intrinsic alterations may aid in developing effective treatments in AN. |
| 2773 | Computer 126
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T1-rho in the aging brain: results from large-scale population imaging |
1German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany, 2Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Bonn, Germany |
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Within the Rhineland Study we investigated and report normative brain T1-rho values and their change over age, for a large cohort of 547 participants. Investigated regions were GM, WM, deep gray matter and selected white matter tracts. All investigated regions, except amygdala and accumbens, show a positive trend with age. Total scan time was under six minutes (whole brain), showing the feasibility to provide normative values for a wide range of brain regions in a reasonable amount of time. |
| 2774 | Computer 127
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Gender difference on cerebral blood flow in people aged over 80 years: A pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling study |
1Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China, 2State Key laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science,Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of SciencesNeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China |
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This study focuses on cerebral blood flow(CBF) of the elderly over 80years old, with a large sample size. Different from the conclusions ofprevious studies, females brain perfusion CBF values are higher than males,in the whole brain and various brain lobes. |
| 2775 | Computer 128
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Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging in the human hippocampal subfields using super-resolution HYDI |
1Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States, 2Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States, 3University of Bordeaux, LaBRI, UMR 5800, PICTURA, F-33400 Talence, France, 4CNRS, LaBRI, UMR 5800, PICTURA, F-33400 Talence, France |
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The hippocampal atrophy is known to be the most validated biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease. Accordingly, in this study, we develop a method to enable the structural connectivity mapping through tractography of the hippocampal subfields using super-resolution diffusion data. |
| 2776 | Computer 129
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Differential Relationship of GABA and GLX in Dorsal vs. Ventral Prefrontal Cortex and Their Relationship To Age and Gender |
1Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States, 2Institute of Cognitive Science, Dept of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States |
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MRS was employed in two regionally distinct prefrontal voxels (dorsal and ventral) in 62 adult females and 119 adolescents (60 males, 59 females) to determine the variations of GABA and GLX concentrations with regional specificity, participant gender, and age. The results indicate that levels of prefrontal neurotransmitter concentrations are influenced by age. Furthermore, the results suggest that the relationship between neurotransmitter levels can vary for adjacent portions of cortex, being more highly correlated for the dorsal than ventral voxel. |
| 2777 | Computer 130
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T2*-weighted imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and bulbar impairment |
1University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, 2Imago7, Pisa, Italy, 3Azienda Ospadaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy, 4Imago7 and IRCCS Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy |
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The T2* hypointensity of the primary motor cortex (M1), associated to an increase in iron deposits related to neuroinflammatory reaction and cortical microgliosis, has been suggested as possible MRI marker of upper motor neuron impairment in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This study investigates the orofacial subregion of M1 (fM1) in 36 patients with ALS. The evaluation of T2* signal hypointensity and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) values in fM1 were related to patients’ bulbar functions (such as speech and swallowing) assessed clinically. Results demonstrate that QSM values were significantly higher in patients with bulbar dysfunction than in those without (p≤0.0001). |
| 2778 | Computer 131
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Different Cortical Thinning Pattern in Primary Motor Cortex Correspond to Clinical Characteristics of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Subtypes |
1Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 2Department of Medical Imaging of the Second Hospital of Yulin, Yuling, China |
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Heterogeneity of motor phenotypes is a clinically well-recognized fundamental aspect of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).The body region of onset is one of independent primary attributes of ALS motor phenotype heterogeneity. In order to investigate the patterns of brain atrophy between ALS patients with bulbar and limb onset and analyse its correlation with clinical characteristics , cortical thickness analyses were performed. ALS Patients with limb onset revealed the majority of significant cortical thinning in the limb segment of the motor cortex, and patients with bulbar onset, in the bulbar segments. The findings suggest that neuroimaging could be a helpful objective measure to estimate of upper motor neuron loss. |
| 2779 | Computer 132
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Comparative Corticospinal Tract Relaxation and Diffusion MRI Measures in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
1Neuroradiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, 2Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, 3Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States |
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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease that primarily affects the human primary motor system. Selective neurodegeneration leads to systemic functional motor decay. We aimed to understand the relationship between cortical degeneration and the desintegration of the related motor corticospinal tract (CST) by applying both Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and the multi-component driven equilibrium single pulse observation of T1 and T2 (mcDESPOT). We found early changes in diffusion and relaxation measures indicating WM tract degeneration secondary to cortical neurodegeneration. Besides the loss of structural integrity early alterations of the myelin characteristics indicate toward changes of its compositional condition instead of early myelin loss. |
| 2780 | Computer 133
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Fully-automatic quantitative susceptibility mapping of the precentral gyrus in motor neuron disease |
1Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy, 2Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy, 3Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, 4Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy |
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The diagnosis of Motor Neuron Disease (MND) is a long process that involves careful clinical and neurological examination during a long period of time. As iron overload is recognized as one of the main pathogenic mechanisms, previous studies focused on hand-drawn ROI-based measures of susceptibility in the precentral gyrus in MND. In contrast to the manually drawn ROIs approach guided by pathology localization and lateralization, this study suggests that the building of a MND biomarker might rely on susceptibility properties of the precentral gyrus measured on clinical images with a fully-automatic pipeline. |
| 2781 | Computer 134
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The Splenial Angle: A Novel Index in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus |
1Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, 2Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 3Health Services Research Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, 4Neuroradiology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore, 5Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore |
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The callosal angle (CA) is a useful tool in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) for diagnosis and patient selection for shunt surgery. We evaluated for (1) differences in a novel splenial angle (SA) in iNPH compared to healthy controls (HC), and (2) temporal changes in SA, CA and Evan’s index in shunted and non-shunted iNPH patients. Significant differences (p<0.0001) existed in the EI, CA and SA between iNPH and HC. Amongst iNPH patients with or without shunting, significant temporal changes were also found in in all indices on follow-up MRI scans compared to baseline measurements. |
| 2782 | Computer 135
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Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Superior Thalamic Radiation and Cerebrospinal Fluid Distribution in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus |
1Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, UThealth, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States, 2Neurology, UThealth, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States, 3UThealth, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States, 4Psychiatry, UThealth, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States |
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Ventricular enlargement in elderly raises a challenging differential diagnosis to physicians. While Alzheimer`s disease is the most common form of dementia, idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) constitutes a potentially reversible syndrome. iNPH has a unique pathophysiology pertaining to cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and periventricular white matter. We aimed to determine the effects of iNPH on periventricular white matter bundles and to further characterize its ventricular and sulcal CSF distribution by using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumetrics on high resolution T1-weighted MRI data. |
| 2783
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Computer 136
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Detection of accumulated iron and microglia in the striatum of Huntington’s Disease patients: evidence from post-mortem MRI and histology |
1Radiology, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands, 2Pathology, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands, 3Neurology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany, 4Human Genetics, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands |
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We detected increased iron deposits in the striatum of post-mortem brain tissue of Huntington’s Disease (HD) patients. High-field T2*-weighted MRI of the striatum showed a different imaging phenotype in HD patients compared to controls, and spatially correlated with the iron distribution obtained from histology. Increased iron was observed in the matrix and in cells morphologically resembling glial cells. These findings bridge the gap between neuropathological and clinical imaging findings and point to iron accumulation as a potential imaging biomarker for disease progression in vivo, possibly reflecting neuroinflammation. |
| 2784 | Computer 137
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Investigating Microglial Activation and white matter changes in Huntington Disease Patients |
1wayne state university, detroit, MI, United States, 2university of michigan, ann arbor, MI, United States, 3Neurology, wayne state university, detroit, MI, United States, 4univeristy health center, detroit, MI, United States, 5university health center, detroit, MI, United States |
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This study will investigate the effects of Huntington disease (HD) progression on white matter microstructure and microglial activation using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography in HD patients over the course of 6 months (baseline and 6 month visit). Age-matched healthy controls will be followed up similarly. Baseline differences between HD and healthy controls will likely reflect effect of HD pathology on white matter tracts and assessing longitudinal changes accompanied by disease progression will reflect the temporal and spatial changes. |
| 2785 | Computer 138
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Progressive Supranuclear Palsy versus Parkinson’s disease-related damage using quantitative multimodal MRI |
1CENIR, ICM, Paris, France, 2Neuroradiology, APHP, Pitie Salpêtrière, Paris, France, 3Sorbonne Universite, Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France, 4Clinique des mouvements anormaux, Département des Maladies du Système Nerveux, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, PARIS, France, 5NeuroSpin, CEA, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France |
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Our primary objective was to generate a precise in vivo model of neurodegeneration of brainstem nuclei, cerebellum, basal ganglia, basal forebrain, and cortex using multimodal MRI in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Secondary objective was to use multimodal imaging biomarkers to efficiently differentiate PSP from Parkinson disease (PD) patients and healthy control subjects (HC). Multiple factorial analyses of the regional damage allowed to efficiently differentiate PSP from HC and PD, in agreement with previous pathological studies. These results suggest the possibility of direct non-invasive assessment of brain damage at multiple level of the central nervous system in PSP and efficient multimodal multiregional based differential diagnosis between PSP and PD patients |
| 2786 | Computer 139
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Associations Between Dual Task Cost and Striatal Functional Connectivity in Parkinson’s Disease with Mild Cognitive Impairment |
1Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 2University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States, 3Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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This study investigated striatal functional connectivity correlates of dual-tasking in Parkinson’s disease with and without mild cognitive impairment using resting state fMRI. Increased caudate functional connectivity with frontotemporal, insular and subcortical regions were associated with increased dual task cost in Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment, whereas correlations were only seen in increased putamen and supplementary motor area functional connectivity and increased dual task cost in PD participants. These results reveal that dual tasking is associated with different striatal functional connectivity patterns in PD participants, with and without, cognitive impairment suggesting compensatory mechanisms in Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment. |
| 2787 | Computer 140
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Altered topological properties of gray matter structural covariance networks inminimal hepatic encephalopathy |
1Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China |
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Despite the abnormal structural findings in cirrhotic patients with MHE, previous studies have only focused on regional structural changes in cirrhosis and did not consider brain network-level architecture. Recent progress in structural MRI analysis has facilitated the development of a human brain structural network model that is based on statistical correlations of morphological descriptors, including the thickness of the cortex or regional gray matter volume (RGMV). We investigated the topological alterations involving brain structural covariance networks in MHE patients for the first time. Our results suggest that MHE patients exhibit an unoptimizable architecture involving the gray matter structural covariance network and provide structural evidence supporting that MHE is a neurological complication related to disrupted neural networks. |
| 2788 | Computer 141
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Factor analysis of atlas-segmented brain MRSI data in HIV infection |
1Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China, 3Hawaii Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5F. M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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HIV-infection may cause HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Here, factor analysis is applied to atlas-segmented brain MRSI data from a cohort of HIV-positive subjects to evaluate the relationships of MRSI measures with neuropsychological test performance and immunologic markers. Results indicate that distribution of NAA in right-hemisphere brain regions of basal ganglia, thalamus, etc. may be positively correlated with CD4 counts, and distribution of Cho in both hemispheres of similar regions positively correlated with CD8 counts in HIV-infected subjects. Higher neuropsychological z-scores tends to be associated with higher NAA and/or lower Cho distributions in specific brain regions. |
| 2789 | Computer 142
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Contributions of cardiovascular risk and smoking to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-related changes in brain structure and function |
1Institute for Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom, 2Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom, 3Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, 4Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom |
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Structural and functional brain abnormalities have been reported in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), however, it is unclear whether these occur independently of cardiovascular risk. Neuroimaging and clinical markers of brain structure and function were compared between 27 COPD patients and 23 age-matched non-COPD smoker controls. Clinical relationships and group interactions with brain structure were tested. COPD patients showed a specific pattern of structural (lower grey matter volume) and functional (lower cognitive function and psychological status) brain abnormalities that could not be explained by cardiovascular risk. Lower lung function and psychological ill-health were associated with markers of white matter damage. |
| 2790 | Computer 143
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Microstructural changes of the cortico-striatal pathway in Fabry disease: a diffusion MRI connectometry study |
1Computer Science Department, University of Verona, Verona, Italy, 2Advanced Biomedical Sciences Department, University “Federico II”, Naples, Italy, 3Nephrology Unit, University “Federico II”, Naples, Italy |
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| 2791 | Computer 144
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Longitudinal monitoring of the cerebral iron load in de novo neurological Wilson disease |
1MR-Unit, Dept. Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic, 2Dept. Radiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic, 3Dept. Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic, 4German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany, 5Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 64th Dept. Internal Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic |
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We report a long-term study of three de novo diagnosed Wilson disease patients with neurological form who repeatedly underwent magnetic resonance imaging and neurological examinations for 2 years after treatment initiation. The quantitative measurement of susceptibility revealed higher values in basal ganglia and thalamus compared to controls which correspond to higher iron accumulation. Degree of iron load reflected the clinical severity of neurological impairment. Thus, we can suppose that the increase of the brain iron concentration can be a marker of suboptimal response to anti-copper therapy and unfavorable outcome. |
| 2792 | Computer 145
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Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping shows differences in substantia nigra of individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and controls |
1Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2Biomedical Imaging Center, Santiago, Chile, 3Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago, Chile, 4Biomedical Imaging Center, Santiago, Chile, Santiago, Chile, 5Department of Radiology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 6Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 7Center of Genetics and Genomics, Santiago, Chile |
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Unlike individuals with Parkinson’s disease, patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome at risk of Parkinson show an increase in dopamine at striatal regions. Since iron levels are related to dopamine levels, we studied the difference of magnetic susceptibility between 17 patients with the deletion and 19 healthy individuals. Susceptibility measurements were obtained with QSM and then compared using a Mann Whitney U test. Results showed a significant difference in the substantia nigra, which indicates a possible cause for the increased levels of dopamine in 22q11.2 individuals at Parkinson’s risk. |
| 2793 | Computer 146
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Disrupted topological brain organizations in large-scale cortical networks between impaired and nonimpaired active fighters |
1Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 2University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 3Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States |
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Using neuropsychological scores from the Professional Fighters Brain Health Study (PFBHS), this study first identified 70 cognitively impaired active professional fighters, and then matched 70 nonimpaired fighters but matched on demographics, and other fighting criteria. This study shows that repeated head trauma is associated with altered coordination of large-scale structural brain networks, especially in the long-range connections. Furthermore, the cortical thickness of regions identified as hubs has the potential of developing into a predictive biomarker for identifying the fighters that will develop cognitive decline due to repeated head trauma. |
| 2794 | Computer 147
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Improved sensitivity to longitudinal changes with advanced DTI analysis in a rare neurodegenerative disease |
1Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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We present an optimized processing pipeline for longitudinal DTI data analysis in spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) patients, a rare neurodegenerative disease. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis was used to investigate longitudinal changes in white matter (WM) integrity in patients. While no significant changes in WM integrity were observed using the standard TBSS analysis pipeline, TBSS with advanced spatial normalization with DTITK tool showed significant longitudinal alterations in WM integrity. This result suggests that the use of advanced spatial normalization must be considered for longitudinal group studies of DTI data, especially when small to moderate disease effects are expected. |
| 2795 | Computer 148
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Chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging depending on several neurodegenerative diseases at 3T |
1Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan, 2Global MR Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare Japan, Tokyo, Japan |
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In this study, CEST imaging was performed on the substantial nigra, the basal ganglia, and cerebral cortex level to reveal the mechanism each neurodegenerative disease. For this study, patients with Parkinson’s disease, multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, and spinocerebellar degeneration were examined. Region-of-interest analysis was performed in the substantia nigra, red nuclei, lentiform nucleus, and supplementary motor area. As the results, the CEST parameters were significantly different for each of the neurodegenerative diseases. CEST imaging might have the ability to obtain abnormal proteins each of the neurodegenerative diseases. |
| 2796 | Computer 149
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Evaluating Countermeasures Against Chemical Warfare Nerve Agents using Diffusion Tensor Imaging |
1Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Defence Research and Development Canada-Suffield Research Centre, Ralston, AB, Canada, 3CBRN Protection, TNO, Rijswijk, Netherlands |
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Seizures induced by chemical warfare nerve agents cause debilitating neurological damage. It is widely accepted that the main contributor to this neuropathology is excitotoxic damage. Current countermeasures to the damage are effective in preventing |
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Computer 151
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Quantitative susceptibility mapping of post-mortem ALS brains at 7T with quantitative iron histopathology validation |
1Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Clinical Neurology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease of the motor system and its wider cortical connections. Progress in therapeutic development in ALS is compromised by a lack of specific biomarkers. In this work, we describe a platform for QSM data acquisition and post-processing protocol for postmortem brains. Preliminary results of 10 brains (validated with quantitative ferritin staining) have shown that ALS brains had significant higher mean susceptibility in motor cortex than control brains, which indicates that QSM has the potential to accurately quantify iron concentration and thus serve as an imaging biomarker for ALS. |
| 2798
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Computer 152
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Quantitative analysis of the wall thickness and enhancement ratio of intracranial aneurysms using high-resolution black-blood imaging at 7T |
1State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 2The Innovation Center of Excellence on Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 4Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China, 5Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 6Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 7Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd., Shenzhen, China |
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Three-dimensional turbo-spin-echo (3D-TSE) is increasingly being used in black-blood imaging of intracranial aneurysms. In this study, we optimized the protocol of T1-weighted (T1w) 3D-TSE to reach a high isotropic resolution of 0.40 mm. The inner wall thickness and enhancement ratio were analyzed in sections from ten aneurysms. The segments of aneurysmal walls with a higher wall thickness tend to represent a higher enhancement ratio (Pearson correlation, r = 0.32, p < 0.001). The wall thickness and enhancement ratio should be comprehensively considered to predict the prognosis of intracranial aneurysms. |
| 2799
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Computer 153
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Cardiac and Respiratory induced 3D Brain Tissue Strain as Marker of Physiological Blood Volume Dynamics at 7T MRI. |
1Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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Brain tissue deformation induced by the cardiac and respiration cycles could be a valuable source of information on the physiology of the brains tissue properties. In this work, we assess the tissue deformation by computing the tissue strain from DENSE displacement data sets and unravel cardiac and respiratory contributions by using a linear model. We observed consistent trends in the three strain components due to cardiac and respiration cycles, which agree with blood volume changes. In contrast to tissue displacement, the tissue strain may serve as a reliable novel marker of physiological blood volume dynamics in the brain. |
| 2800 | Computer 154
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Optimizing the DENSE Sequence for Accurate Brain Tissue Strain Measurements at 7T MRI. |
1Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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Brain tissue strain could be a valuable source of information on the brains tissue properties. Therefore, accurate DENSE measurements are crucial, since the computation of tissue strain requires spatial derivatives, which amplifies noise present in the displacement maps. In this work, we optimize the SNR in the displacement maps and substantiate the theory with both computer simulations and measurements. We tested the optimized settings in one volunteer and found a factor of 1.66 SNR increase compared to previously reported experiments. Preliminary results in one volunteer in the basal ganglia showed heartbeat-induced strain of approximately 2.1·10-3 and inspiration-induced strain of -0.54·10-3. |
| 2801 | Computer 155
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Most small cerebral cortical veins demonstrate significant flow pulsatility: a human phase contrast MRI study at 7T |
1Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia |
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We demonstrate new methods to identify and quantify the characteristics of flow pulsatility in small cerebral cortical veins to aid better understanding of the haemodynamics of this little-studied vascular compartment. 7T cardiac-gated motion sensitive phase contrast MRI was combined with an automated method for establishing where venous flow is pulsatile, revealing pulsatile flow in 104 out of 132 veins assessed in parietal and frontal regions. Distributions of pulsatility index and pulse waveform delay were characterized, indicating a small delay in cortical veins compared to the superior sagittal sinus, but no differences between veins draining different arterial supply territories. |
| 2802 | Computer 156
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Multi-modal 7T imaging of the Locus Coeruleus in healthy older adults |
1Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 3Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 4Department of Psychology, Centre for Speech, Language and the Brain, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 5Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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The Locus Coeruleus (LC) is the main source of cerebral noradrenaline, which modulates many cognitive domains from attention and motivation to mood and memory. However, the LC is a small structure located in the mid-brain, proven difficult to detect in-vivo. We studied healthy individuals using high-resolution MT-w, R2*, QSM, and fMRI at 7T to characterize the LC’s shape and size, magneto-chemical and functional properties. While no R2* or QSM contrast was found in the LC, it was clearly detected in MT-images and showed widespread functional connectivity towards cortex and cerebellum, These results are the benchmark for future studies in dementia. |
| 2803 | Computer 157
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Global and Focal Effects of Radiation Therapy on the Cerebral Vasculature in Pediatric Brain Tumor Survivors using simultaneous MRA-SWI at 7T |
1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 3Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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With the improved survival of children with brain tumors, understanding the late effects of the treatment has become critical. This study explores the effects of RT on vascular structure using a combined MRA-SWI sequence at 7T and a new method for arterial segmentation and quantification. Normalized arterial volume was significantly reduced with increasing RT treatment volume, number of CMBs, and at follow-up. CMBs were located closer to veins than arteries and were larger when further away. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of our approach for quantifying subtle vascular changes in arterial structure and CMB properties due to RT. |
| 2804 | Computer 158
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Investigation of microstructural differences in the nigrosome-1 region of the substantia nigra between healthy and Parkinson’s disease subjects at 7T |
1Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 2School of Biomedical Engineering, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 3Department of Med |