We explored longitudinal local field potential (LFP) correlates associated with changes in non-motor symptoms (NMS) following subthalamic nucleus (STN) and globus pallidus internus (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Non-motor symptoms (NMS) fluctuate after DBS, but their underlying neural dynamics are poorly characterized. Oscillatory activity across LFP frequencies may offer insights into circuit-level adaptations associated with NMS changes.

Resting-state LFPs via BrainSense Survey (BSS) from Medtronic’s Percept PC were recorded from 25 subjects’ (15 STN/ 10 GPi) leads 0- and 6-months post DBS, and power was calculated for different frequency bands. NMS were assessed using the Beck Anxiety (BAI) and Depression (BDI) Inventories, the QUIP-RS for impulsivity, and the Starkstein Apathy Scale (SAS). Pearson correlations were analyzed between changes (Δ) in ΔLFP power and ΔNMS scores at 0- and 6-months.

Mean ΔMDS-UPDRS-Part-III and ΔLEDD at 6mos were 18 and 159 for STN, and for 21 and 1802 GPi. Overall, STN DBS was associated with improved anxiety (ΔBAI=-4.8) and depression (ΔBDI=-6.3), and GPi DBS with worsened impulsivity (ΔQUIP=+3.75). The strongest correlates between ΔLFP and ΔNMS in STN were for SAS and BAI, and in GPi were for QUIP and SAS. Many ΔNMS correlated with ΔLFP power bands associated with motor symptoms (low/high beta, gamma). Unique relationships were found between ΔBAI and Δdelta in left STN (r=-0.59), ΔQUIP and Δalpha in Lt GPi (r=-0.53) and ΔSAS and Δtheta in Lt GPi (r=0.56).

This preliminary analysis identifies potential sub-beta LFP correlates of NMS evolution post-DBS. The observed correlations, alongside laterality differences, suggest that oscillatory activity may track NMS changes following stimulation. Larger studies are warranted to further explore ΔNMS, ΔLFP, and the role of hemispheric laterality and neural circuitry in DBS outcomes.