Objective:

Background:

Methyl bromide is a toxic fumigant used in pest control and to fumigate agricultural and textile facilities. Despite global restrictions, accidental and occupational exposures persist, causing severe neurotoxic effects, especially in developing regions. This study outlines cases of methyl bromide poisoning that presented at MTI Lady Reading Hospital (LRH) in the past two years.

Design/Methods:

A retrospective review of eight patients presenting between January 2023 and January 2025 with acute neurological symptoms following methyl bromide exposure in a cotton factory was conducted. Hospital records provided demographic data, clinical manifestations, treatment outcomes, and follow-up information.

Results:

The cohort consisted of eight male cotton factory workers, aged 15 to 45. In 2023, two patients were admitted with dizziness, confusion, and generalized weakness, both of whom responded to supportive care and were discharged in stable condition. In December 2024, six additional workers from the same factory were admitted, indicating a cluster exposure event. These patients exhibited impaired consciousness, tremors, ataxia, and limb weakness. Despite aggressive treatment, three (aged 30, 34, and an unidentified patient) died, while the remaining three (aged 15, 18, and 28) showed gradual recovery. Overall, 62.5% (five out of eight) survived, with mild residual deficits. Testimonies from coworkers suggested that other workers experienced milder symptoms but did not seek medical attention.

Conclusions:

This case series underscores the occupational risks of methyl bromide exposure among cotton factory workers in Pakistan. Inadequate protective measures and poor ventilation contribute to preventable neurotoxic effects and fatalities, even in regions with international restrictions. Heightened awareness, regulation, and surveillance are urgently needed to reduce morbidity and mortality from this neurotoxic compound.