To describe VHA-based treatment of acute migraine among veterans.
Acute migraine treatments include over the counter and prescription medications. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists (gepants) are a newer treatment option. Few studies have described real-world prescribing, particularly for gepants, and updated data are needed to assess their use.
We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using VHA administrative data, including veterans with a migraine-related visit in FY2024, and followed them through available FY25 data to assess prescriptions of triptans, gepants, or ergotamines, and a composite of any of the three. Multivariable logistic regression models assessed associations between sociodemographic factors and prescribing. Results are presented as adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals.
Among 376,030 veterans, 43.0% were prescribed any acute migraine medication, most commonly triptans (39.3%), followed by gepants (5.7%), or ergotamines (<1%). Black, Asian, and Pacific Islander veterans had greater odds of any prescription (aORs = 1.19-1.28) or a triptan (aORs = 1.21-1.37), but lower odds of gepants (aORs = 0.70-0.83) compared to White veterans. Older age (continuous) was associated with lower odds of any prescription (aOR = 0.98; 0.98–0.98) and triptans (aOR = 0.98; 0.98-0.98), but higher odds of gepants (aOR = 1.01; 1.01–1.01). Age-race interactions showed Black veterans ≥65 had higher odds of any prescription compared to White veterans ≥65 (aOR = 1.17; 1.11–1.23). Female veterans had lower odds of any prescription (aOR = 0.89; 0.88–0.91) and triptans (aOR = 0.82, 0.81–0.83), but higher odds of gepants (aOR = 1.69; 1.64–1.74). Rural residence was associated with lower odds of any prescription (aOR = 0.93; 0.92, 0.94) and triptans (aOR=0.92; 0.91, 0.93). Highly rural residence was associated with lower prescriptions across all outcomes (aORs = 0.78-0.88).
Acute migraine medication prescribing in the VHA varied by sociodemographic factors, highlighting access disparities.