Efficacy of Probiotics Supplementations for Management of Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Dalia Kamal Ewis1, Abdullah Almarfadi2, Omar Abdelsalam3, Mohammed Ali4, Abdallah Abunamoos5, Mohamed Mamdouh1, Khaled M.H Mohamed6, Moaz Abouelmagd7, Yagna P.R. Jarajapu6
1Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt, 2Ferhat Abbas University of Setif ยท Department of Medicine, Setif, Algeria, 3Faculty of Medicine, New Mansoura University, New Mansoura, Egypt, 4Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt, 5School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, 6Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA, 7Kasr-alainy faculty of medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
Objective:
This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to investigate the role of probiotics in migraine acute management and prevention in adults and children.
Background:
Migraine is as returning headaches with throbbing pain. Gut-brain axis integrity was suggested to play a role in disease pathogenesis. Probiotics were found to play a role in modulating this axis.
Design/Methods:
We searched [PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus] till August 26, 2024, to identify articles on probiotics and migraine. Our eligibility criteria included clinical trials in which all age groups with migraine received probiotics, with separate analysis for the two age groups. Independent data extraction and risk of bias were performed. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan software v5.4.1 and R (v4.3.1).
Results:
We included nine clinical trials [n = 645 patients]. Probiotics significantly reduced migraine frequency in adult population [patients 192, MD: -1.60, 95% CI [-2.61, -0.59], P = 0.002, I-square = 84%] but not in children [patients 121, MD: 0.61, 95% CI [-2.01, 3.22], P = 0.65, I-square = 0%]. Severity also was reduced [patients 192, MD: -0.94, 95% CI [-1.84, -0.05], P = 0.04, I-square = 87%] with significant heterogeneity compared to placebo. It didn’t show a significant effect compared to placebo in duration [patients 192, MD: -2.21, 95% CI [-5.93, 1.51], P = 0.24, I-square = 80%] and level of CRP [patients 245, MD: -0.17, 95% CI [-0.44, 0.09], P = 0.20, I-square = 47%].
Conclusions:
We concluded that Probiotics may have a therapeutic benefit on migraine prophylaxis, evidenced by reduced frequency and severity. However, these findings are limited by the lack of significance of the rest of outcomes and the heterogeneity between studies. Future research is needed to confirm these results.
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