A 32 year-old female with medically refractory epilepsy and a vagus nerve stimulator (VNS). She previously had focal impaired awareness seizures characterized by abnormal stomach sensation, deja vu, loss of awareness, hand automatisms/posturing and post-ictal confusion. Pre-surgical evaluation identified a lesional epilepsy with right anterior temporal electrographic onset of seizures, right hippocampal atrophy on MRI, and PET hypometabolism in the right mesial temporal lobe. She subsequently underwent Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (LITT) to ablate this focus.
On follow up with her epileptologist, seizures were unchanged in frequency and, per family, were now followed by intense religious delusions not previously present. These included fixation on attending church (incongruent with prior religious beliefs) and believing she is communicating with God and the devil. Review of post-ablation MRI demonstrated residual right hippocampal tissue.
The right temporal lobe is implicated in religious phenomena, especially ones incongruent with previously held beliefs. Such symptoms are well-documented in diseases such as temporal lobe epilepsy and frontotemporal dementia/frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Anatomic locations moreso associated with congruent religious phenomena include the postero-superior parietal lobe and the right angular gyrus. Functional studies also implicate hippocampal networks to the amygdala and angular gyrus.