Objective:

This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to clarify the effectiveness of Vitamin D supplementation in reducing seizure frequency in epilepsy by synthesizing evidence from clinical studies.

Background:

Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to increased seizure frequency and reduced response to antiepileptic drugs in patients with epilepsy. Despite the known relationship between Vitamin D levels and various neurological functions, the potential benefit of Vitamin D supplementation in controlling seizures remains underexplored.

Design/Methods:

A meta-analysis for median difference was conducted using the approach described by McGrath et al. A random-effects DerSimonian and Laird (DL) model was employed to calculate the median difference in seizure frequency between groups receiving Vitamin D supplementation and controls. Data from eligible studies were extracted and pooled to assess the overall effect of Vitamin D on seizure reduction. Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated using the I² statistic, and sensitivity analyses were performed to explore the robustness of the results.

Results:

Three studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Compared to baseline, Vitamin D supplementation did not show a statistically significant reduction in median seizure frequency (Median Difference: -0.36 [95% CI -4.84 to 4.12], p = 0.8745). Additionally, no heterogeneity was observed across the studies (I² = 0%, p = 0.9665), indicating consistent findings.

Conclusions:

This meta-analysis found no statistically significant effect of Vitamin D supplementation on reducing seizure frequency in patients with epilepsy. While the data showed consistency across studies, the results highlight the need for further well-designed trials to explore the potential therapeutic role of Vitamin D in seizure management.