Objective:

To investigate the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with recurrent SE characteristics and predictors of risk and prognostic.

Background:

They have been extensively studied predictors of status epilepticus (SE). However there are few data on the recurrence after an incident episode of SE.

Design/Methods:

We recorded prospectively all SE between April 2007 and August, 2013 inclusive, in patients ≥21 years. The risk of recurrence was assessed using survival analysis and prognostic factors of recurrence with multivariate logistic regressions.

Results:

A total of 394 episodes of SE were recorded for analysis during the study period. Of the 346 patients who had 1st episode of SE, 40 patients (12%) experienced a recurrent episode of SE 1st, 8 patients (20%) a 2nd recurrence during the 8 years of follow-up. The overall cumulative recurrence rate was 26% (95% CI 19-35) to 4th year. Age, history of epilepsy , non convulsive SE and potentially fatal etiologies were independent variables predictive of recurrence of SE. The mortality rate at day 30 was similar in both groups (30% vs 29%). Episodes with early recurrence had a higher prevalence of mortality in comparison with those of late recurrence (69% vs 14%, p =0.005). This difference is associated with mortality than patients with early recurrence by 85% had life-threatening etiologies and refractory high rate (92%), while the group with late recurrence were younger, more history of epilepsy and secondary a suspension-low levels of antiepileptic drugs as etiologies of SE.

Conclusions:

The results of this study based on a cohort of adult hospital population and using a prospective observational monitoring, provides evidence class III of a recurrence rate of 26% SE at 5 years, and the age, history of epilepsy, non convulsive SE and potentially fatal etiologies were independent variables predictive of recurrence of SE.