AI-based 3D Anthropometric Modeling for Automated Assessment of Dystonia Patients
Shaurjya Mandal1, Kapil Nayar2, Divya Nayar3
1Massachusetts General Hospital, 2wellstar spalding regional hospital, 3University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
Objective:

Our primary objective is to formulate and test an AI algorithm that can accurately assess the severity of dystonia. Secondarily we want to collect data on the kinematic properties of patients with dystonia, classifying patient movements into characteristics such as joint angles and velocities.

Background:

Precise assessment of dystonia severity is essential for effective treatment and drug development, but current evaluation methods, such as BFM, TWSTRS and CDIP-58, rely heavily on subjective scales. These tools highlight the need for more objective and efficient evaluation methods.

Various technologies have been investigated to achieve objective assessments, although these methods offer accuracy, they are time-intensive and may influence symptoms, as physical contact can alter dystonia manifestations.

X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP) presents with a mix of dystonic and parkinsonian symptoms that progress and regress over time, making it vital to monitor the disease’s course accurately.


Design/Methods:
We propose an AI-driven approach utilizing the ResNet-50 architecture to model entities in patient videos as personalized 3D meshes. This enables tracking and analyzing over 10,000 points on the patient's body. We will then apply our model to patients with XDP, and then compare our kinesthetic data with clinical grading scales such as the TWSTRS-2. Our patient cohort includes 43 individuals with X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP) enrolled in the CCXDP at Massachusetts General Hospital.
Results:

Our model was able to ingest the patient's movements into 3 characteristics for every joint - angle, velocity and frequency. Torticollis was the most severe feature with mean joint angle 31.228 +- 15.25 degrees, followed by Trunk and arm.  When our calculated angles were used to grade scales, our metrics showed the highest correlation when compared with the TWSTRS-2 Rating Scale (rho = 0.85-0.91, p <0.001).


Conclusions:
Our algorithm's alignment with clinical rating scales and its ability to operate using standard video recordings highlight its promise for further development.
10.1212/WNL.0000000000212190
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