This study evaluates the efficacy of MRgFUS in patients with Alzheimer's Disease, aiming to provide insights into its therapeutic potential.

A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases identified clinical trials assessing MRgFUS efficacy in AD treatment. Key outcomes analyzed were changes in amyloid levels and cognitive function, measured by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE).

The meta-analysis incorporated ten studies with a total of 71 patients, with an average age of 62 years at the time of treatment. The average rate of blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening among the studies that reported this information was approximately 96.43%. The analyzed results demonstrated a significant reduction in amyloid levels, with a mean difference of -3.6114 (95% CI -6.1286 to -1.0942; p<0.01, I² = 87.3%). However, the analysis of cognitive function across the studies did not achieve statistical significance. Notably, Rezai et al., 2023, observed a significant decline in MMSE scores, with a mean change of -2.60 (95% CI -5.1412 to -0.0588), contrasting with non-significant findings in other studies such as Bae et al., Jeong et al., and Lipsman et al.

With a high rate of BBB opening, FUS is effective in reaching its physiological target. Our findings suggest that MRgFUS is an efficient minimally invasive intervention for reducing beta-amyloid proteins in the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. However, the variability in cognitive outcomes underscores the need for continuous monitoring and further investigation. This study highlights the critical need for more clinical trials to validate these preliminary results and explore the long-term cognitive effects of MRgFUS.