Objective:

Compile data from the global literature and analyze clinically relevant variants and genes implicated in the increased risk of glioblastoma.

Background:

Glioblastomas are a part of adult-type diffuse gliomas, the most common and aggressive primary brain tumors in adults (WHO grade IV). An important update to the WHO’s classification of the Central Nervous System CNS tumors reveals that the implication of molecular findings is a part of the diagnostic approach of Adult-type diffuse gliomas, and is not totally relied on morphologic findings. Therefore, the identification of the genetic factors of glioblastoma could be important contribution to diagnosis and early prevention of this disease.

Design/Methods:

PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were used as databases. Associations between the SNPs and glioblastoma risk were calculated as a measure of pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Pearson’s analysis was used for epidemiological correlation (only p-value less than 0.05 were statistically significant) and data were obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO) platform and the 1000 Genomes Project. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager (RevMan) 5.4 and BioEstat 5.0.

Results:

The meta-analysis included 1,828 patients with glioblastoma, 4,092 controls and showed a significant association between CCDC26 rs891835 G/T; G/G and G/T-G/G genotypes and increased glioblastoma risk (G/T OR= 1.96, 95% CI: 1.38 - 2.77, P= 0.0002, I²= 0%;  G/G OR= 1.33, 95% CI: 0.46 - 3.85, P= 0.60, I²= 0%; G/T - G/G OR= 1.96, 95% CI: 1.39 - 2.76, P= 0.0001, I²= 0%). Epidemiological correlation also demonstrated that the higher the frequency of the CCDC26 rs891835 variant, the higher the incidence of that variant in the European population (p value= 0.0246).

Conclusions:

CCDC26 rs891835 may serve as a predictive biomarker for GBM risk and may influence higher glioblastoma incidence rates in the European population.