Objective:

To explore the development and impact of Margaret Ruth Dix in the field of neuro-otology, particularly her role in the popularization of the Dix-Hallpike maneuver and its ongoing significance in diagnosing benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).

Background:

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo culminates as a spinning sensation that occurs after changes in head positioning. Physicians should be cognizant to differentiate this peripheral diagnosis with a central diagnosis such as a posterior circulation stroke. In collaboration with Charles Skinner Hallpike, Margaret Dix significantly advanced the understanding of inner ear diseases, particularly benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).

Design/Methods:

This review utilized the database in PubMed and Google scholar to select primary biographical sources, scientific publications, and historical accounts of Margaret Dix’s career. Particular focus was given to her work at the Medical Research Council Otological Research Unit at the National Hospital in London and her development of diagnostic techniques for vestibular disorders, including the Dix-Hallpike maneuver.

Results:

Dix, alongside Hallpike, developed the Dix-Hallpike maneuver, which remains a critical diagnostic tool for BPPV. Over the course of her career, Dix published over 100 papers on auditory, vestibular, and neurological conditions, receiving numerous accolades for her research. She laid the foundation for modern approaches to diagnosing and managing vestibular pathologies. Even after retirement, Dix continued to practice as a locum consultant, demonstrating her dedication to neuro-otology.

Conclusions:

The story of Margaret Dix is one of resilience and innovation. Her contributions to neuro-otology, particularly the Dix-Hallpike maneuver, continue to have lasting impact on clinical practice and the management of vestibular disorders. Her work continues to be a cornerstone in the field, inspiring neurologists and otologists to this day.