Objective:

To investigate the association between individual temperament traits, psychological comorbidity, and functional disability assessed with the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0, in PwMS.

Background:

Persons with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) often experience psychological comorbidity and functional disability.  Understanding the factors contributing to these outcomes is crucial for improving patient care.

Design/Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional study in PwMS, assessing their temperament traits, psychological comorbidity, and functional disability. We administered a questionnaire that included demographic characteristics, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) short form. Functional disability was assessed with the 36-item version WHODAS 2.0. Statistical analyses, including regression models, were used to explore the relationships between these variables.

Results:

A total of 111 PwMS completed the study. Our findings revealed several key associations. Patients with higher hyperthymic temperament trait scores exhibited lower total disability scores (beta:-23.1, p=0.0002), suggesting an inverse relationship. Furthermore, stress levels, as measured by the DASS scale, were positively associated with higher total disability scores (betea:1.6; p=0.03). The model explained 40.5% of the variance. Lastly, age was associated with higher disability scores in mobility (beta; 0.5, p=0.01), highlighting the impact of age on mobility-related disability in  PwMS.

Conclusions:

This study sheds light on the complex interplay between individual temperament traits, psychological comorbidity, and functional disability assessed with the WHODAS 2.0 in RRMS patients. Recognizing the importance of hyperthymic traits (overly cheerful, energetic, and enthusiastic), stress, and age as factors influencing disability can aid in tailoring treatment and support strategies. Further research is warranted to delve into the underlying mechanisms and develop targeted interventions to address the unique needs of these patients.