The aim of this study was to assess the phenomenon of patients' decisional conflict regarding the choice of a disease-modifying therapy.
Shared decision-making is critical in multiple sclerosis (MS) due to the uncertainty of the disease trajectory and the variety of treatment options with different characteristics of efficacy, safety and administration.
We conducted a non-interventional, cross-sectional study at 19 hospital-based MS care units in Spain. Adult patients with a diagnosis of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) (2017 revised McDonald criteria) and disease duration between 3 and 8 years were included. Decisional conflict was measured using the 4-item Decisional Conflict Scale (SURE). A battery of patient-reported and clinician-rated measures was administered. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted.
A total of 201 patients were included. Mean age (SD) was 38.7 (8.4) years and 74.1% were female. Median disease duration (IQR) was 6.0 (4.0-7.0) years. Median EDSS score was 1.0 (0-2.0). Sixty-seven (33.3%) patients reported a decisional conflict. These patients had lower MS knowledge and more illness-related uncertainty, anxiety, depressive symptoms, fatigue, symptom severity, a threatening illness perception, and poorer quality of life than their counterparts. The treatment decisional certainty was associated with MS knowledge (OR=1.18, 95% CI 1.04, 1.33, p=0.011), self-management (OR=1.02, 95% CI 1.00, 1.04, p=0.015), lower illness uncertainty (OR=0.95, 95% CI 0.92, 0.98, p=0.002), and lower healthcare-related regret (OR=0.53, 95% CI 0.29, 0.96, p=0.035) in the multivariable analysis after adjustment for confounders.
Decisional conflict regarding the choice of a disease-modifying therapy was a common phenomenon. Identifying factors associated with decisional conflict may be useful to implement preventive strategies that help patients better understand their condition and encourage them to make use of psychological resources even in those who have already been through the initial stage of the disease.