Objective:

This study aims to systematically analyze existing literature to determine the association between oxytocin levels in patients with Neurogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI) compared to otherwise healthy individuals.

Background:

Neurogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI) is characterized by impaired vasopressin production, primarily synthesized in the hypothalamus, specifically within the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei, which also produce oxytocin. Yet, the relationship between oxytocin levels and NDI remains inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigate the potential association between oxytocin levels and NDI, addressing a critical gap in our understanding of this condition.

Design/Methods:

We conducted a comprehensive search across PubMed, Dimensions, Embase, and Cochrane databases, employing strict inclusion criteria to identify relevant studies. Subsequently, we meticulously extracted and analyzed data from these selected studies. Rigorous statistical analysis was performed using R studio version 4.3.1, applying appropriate models to assess within-study heterogeneity and generate a pooled estimate. Transparent consideration of potential biases and limitations was integrated into our final analysis.

Results:

This meta-analysis incorporates data from seven studies, encompassing a total of 238 patients, including 126 (52.94%) with NDI. Our findings reveal no statistically significant difference in oxytocin levels between individuals with NDI and control subjects (SMD = -0.22; 95% CI = -1.2, 0.76; p = 0.66; I² = 89%).

Conclusions:

In summary, this systematic review and meta-analysis do not support the existence of a substantial association between oxytocin levels and Neurogenic Diabetes Insipidus. These results challenge the prevailing assumption that oxytocin plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of NDI. While the findings indicate no direct influence of the disease on oxytocin levels, further research is warranted to explore potential indirect mechanisms and clinical implications.